Question

我创建了一个工具（确切地说是一个Powershell脚本），它可以帮助我转换文件夹中的图片，即它查找某个结尾的所有文件（例如* .TIF）并通过ImageMagick将它们转换为JPEG。然后通过exiftool将一些EXIF，IPTC和XMP信息从源图像传输到JPEG：

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如果你想复制但没有/想要那么多文件，还有一种更简单的方法：让exiftool打印出600倍的版本号：

# searching files (done before converting the files, so just listed for reproduction):
$WorkingFiles = @(Get-ChildItem -Path D:\MyPictures\Testfiles -Filter *.tif | ForEach-Object {
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        SourceFullName = $_.FullName
        JPEGFullName = $_.FullName -Replace 'tif$','jpg'
    }
})
# Then, converting is done. PowerShell will wait until every jpeg is successfully created.
# + + + + The problem occurs somewhere after this line + + + +
# Creating the exiftool process:
$psi = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
$psi.FileName = .\exiftool.exe
$psi.Arguments = "-stay_open True -charset utf8 -@ -"
$psi.UseShellExecute = $false
$psi.RedirectStandardInput = $true
$psi.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
$psi.RedirectStandardError = $true
$exiftoolproc = [System.Diagnostics.Process]::Start($psi)

# creating the string argument for every file, then pass it over to exiftool:
for($i=0; $i -lt $WorkingFiles.length; $i++){
    [string]$ArgList = "-All:all=`n-charset`nfilename=utf8`n-tagsFromFile`n$($WorkingFiles[$i].SourceFullName)`n-EXIF:All`n-charset`nfilename=utf8`n$($WorkingFiles[$i].JPEGFullName)"
    # using -overwrite_original makes no difference
    # Also, just as good as above code:
    # [string]$ArgList = "-All:All=`n-EXIF:XResolution=300`n-EXIF:YResolution=300`n-charset`nfilename=utf8`n-overwrite_original`n$($WorkingFiles[$i].JPEGFullName)"

    $exiftoolproc.StandardInput.WriteLine("$ArgList`n-execute`n")
    # no difference using start-sleep:
    # Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 25
}
# close exiftool:
$exiftoolproc.StandardInput.WriteLine("-stay_open`nFalse`n")

# read StandardError and StandardOutput of exiftool, then print it:
[array]$outputerror = @($exiftoolproc.StandardError.ReadToEnd().Split("`r`n",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries))
[string]$outputout = $exiftoolproc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd()
$outputout = $outputout -replace '========\ ','' -replace '\[1/1]','' -replace '\ \r\n\ \ \ \ '," - " -replace '{ready}\r\n',''
[array]$outputout = @($outputout.Split("`r`n",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries))

Write-Output "Errors:"
foreach($i in $outputerror){
    Write-Output $i
}
Write-Output "Standard output:"
foreach($i in $outputout){
    Write-Output $i
}

据我所知，一切顺利，只要你留下来＆lt; 115个文件。如果你进入上面，114 ^th JPEG获取正确的元数据，但exiftool在此之后停止工作 - 它空闲，我的脚本也这样做。我可以使用不同的文件，路径和exiftool命令重现这一点。

$psi = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo $psi.FileName = .\exiftool.exe $psi.Arguments = "-stay_open True -charset utf8 -@ -" $psi.UseShellExecute = $false $psi.RedirectStandardInput = $true $psi.RedirectStandardOutput = $true $psi.RedirectStandardError = $true $exiftoolproc = [System.Diagnostics.Process]::Start($psi) for($i=0; $i -lt 600; $i++){ try{ $exiftoolproc.StandardInput.WriteLine("-ver`n-execute`n") Write-Output "Success:`t$i" }catch{ Write-Output "Failed:`t$i" } } # close exiftool: try{ $exiftoolproc.StandardInput.WriteLine("-stay_open`nFalse`n") }catch{ Write-Output "Could not close exiftool!" } [array]$outputerror = @($exiftoolproc.StandardError.ReadToEnd().Split("`r`n",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries)) [array]$outputout = @($exiftoolproc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd().Split("`r`n",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries)) Write-Output "Errors:" foreach($i in $outputerror){ Write-Output $i } Write-Output "Standard output:" foreach($i in $outputout){ Write-Output $i }和StandardOutput都没有显示任何违规行为，即使是exiftool的StandardError - 旗帜 - 当然，他们不会，因为我必须杀死exiftool让他们出现

运行ISE的/ VSCode的调试器没有显示任何内容。 Exiftool的窗口（仅在调试时显示）不显示任何内容。

使用-verbose运行的命令是否有一些硬限制，这是exiftool的问题还是仅仅是因为我无法使用最基本的Powershell cmdlet之外的东西？或者更好的问题可能是：如何正确调试？

Powershell是5.1，exiftool是10.80（生产） - 10.94（最新）。

Answer 1

在使用$ArgList的不同变体后，我发现使用不同的文件命令没有区别，但使用产生较少StdOut的命令（如-ver）会导致更多的迭代。因此，我采取了有根据的猜测，输出缓冲区是罪魁祸首。

As per Mark Byers' answer to "ProcessStartInfo hanging on “WaitForExit”? Why?"：

问题是如果重定向StandardOutput和/或StandardError，内部缓冲区可能会变满。 [...]

解决方案是使用异步读取以确保缓冲区未满。

然后，这只是寻找正确的事情。我发现Alexander Obersht's answer to "How to capture process output asynchronously in powershell?"提供了我所需要的几乎所有内容。

脚本现在看起来像这样：

# searching files (done before converting the files, so just listed for reproduction):
$WorkingFiles = @(Get-ChildItem -Path D:\MyPictures\Testfiles -Filter *.tif | ForEach-Object {
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        SourceFullName = $_.FullName
        JPEGFullName = $_.FullName -Replace 'tif$','jpg'
    }
})
# Then, converting is done. PowerShell will wait until every jpeg is successfully created.
# Creating the exiftool process:
$psi = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
$psi.FileName = .\exiftool.exe
$psi.Arguments = "-stay_open True -charset utf8 -@ -"
$psi.UseShellExecute = $false
$psi.RedirectStandardInput = $true
$psi.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
$psi.RedirectStandardError = $true

# + + + + NEW STUFF (1/2) HERE: + + + +
# Creating process object.
$exiftoolproc = New-Object -TypeName System.Diagnostics.Process
$exiftoolproc.StartInfo = $psi

# Creating string builders to store stdout and stderr.
$exiftoolStdOutBuilder = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder
$exiftoolStdErrBuilder = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder
# Adding event handers for stdout and stderr.
$exiftoolScripBlock = {
    if (-not [String]::IsNullOrEmpty($EventArgs.Data)){
        $Event.MessageData.AppendLine($EventArgs.Data)
    }
}
$exiftoolStdOutEvent = Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject $exiftoolproc -Action $exiftoolScripBlock -EventName 'OutputDataReceived' -MessageData $exiftoolStdOutBuilder
$exiftoolStdErrEvent = Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject $exiftoolproc -Action $exiftoolScripBlock -EventName 'ErrorDataReceived' -MessageData $exiftoolStdErrBuilder

[Void]$exiftoolproc.Start()
$exiftoolproc.BeginOutputReadLine()
$exiftoolproc.BeginErrorReadLine()
# + + + + END OF NEW STUFF (1/2) + + + +

# creating the string argument for every file, then pass it over to exiftool:
for($i=0; $i -lt $WorkingFiles.length; $i++){
    [string]$ArgList = "-All:all=`n-charset`nfilename=utf8`n-tagsFromFile`n$($WorkingFiles[$i].SourceFullName)`n-EXIF:All`n-charset`nfilename=utf8`n$($WorkingFiles[$i].JPEGFullName)"
    # using -overwrite_original makes no difference
    # Also, just as good as above code:
    # [string]$ArgList = "-All:All=`n-EXIF:XResolution=300`n-EXIF:YResolution=300`n-charset`nfilename=utf8`n-overwrite_original`n$($WorkingFiles[$i].JPEGFullName)"

    $exiftoolproc.StandardInput.WriteLine("$ArgList`n-execute`n")
}

# + + + + NEW STUFF (2/2) HERE: + + + +
# close exiftool:
$exiftoolproc.StandardInput.WriteLine("-stay_open`nFalse`n")
$exiftoolproc.WaitForExit()
# Unregistering events to retrieve process output.
Unregister-Event -SourceIdentifier $exiftoolStdOutEvent.Name
Unregister-Event -SourceIdentifier $exiftoolStdErrEvent.Name

# read StandardError and StandardOutput of exiftool, then print it:
[array]$outputerror = @($exiftoolStdErrBuilder.ToString().Trim().Split("`r`n",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries))
[string]$outputout = $exiftoolStdOutBuilder.ToString().Trim() -replace '========\ ','' -replace '\[1/1]','' -replace '\ \r\n\ \ \ \ '," - " -replace '{ready}\r\n',''
[array]$outputout = @($outputout.Split("`r`n",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries))
# + + + + END OF NEW STUFF (2/2) + + + +

Write-Output "Errors:"
foreach($i in $outputerror){
    Write-Output $i
}
Write-Output "Standard output:"
foreach($i in $outputout){
    Write-Output $i
}

我可以确认它适用于很多很多文件（至少1600个）。

Powershell，System.Diagnostics.Process＆amp; exiftool在处理数百个命令时停止工作

1 个答案: