Question

我的目标是使用AppleScript或Javascript在Automator中创建服务，它将所选文件名()[\\/:"*?<>|]+_的所有无效字符和短划线（-）替换为空格，并将文件名设为小写。

Answer 1

借助正则表达式和与AppleScriptObjC桥接的基础框架，这很容易。

use AppleScript version "2.4" -- Yosemite (10.10) or later
use scripting additions

use framework "Foundation"

set fileName to "New(Foo)*aBcd<B|r.ext"

set nsFileName to current application's NSString's stringWithString:fileName
set nsLowerCaseFileName to nsFileName's lowercaseString()
set trimmedFileName to (nsLowerCaseFileName's stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:"[()[\\/:\"*?<>|]+_]" withString:"-" options:(current application's NSRegularExpressionSearch) range:{location:0, |length|:nsLowerCaseFileName's |length|()}) as text
display dialog trimmedFileName

Answer 2

使用Automator服务中的Bash Shell脚本可以替换文件/文件夹名称中不允许的字符。

以下步骤描述了如何实现这一目标：

配置Automator

启动Automator
输入⌘N，或选择File＆gt;菜单栏中显示New。
选择Service，然后点击Choose
在画布区域的顶部配置其设置如下：
选择左侧面板/列顶部的Library：
- 在搜索字段中输入：获取选择查找项目并将Get Select Finder items操作拖到画布区域。
- 在搜索字段中键入：运行Shell 并将Run Shell Script操作拖到画布区域。
按如下方式配置Run Shell Script操作的顶部：

将以下Bash脚本添加到Run shell Script操作的主要区域：

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# The following characters are considered impermissible in a basename:
#
#  - Left Square Bracket:   [
#  - Right Square Bracket:  ]
#  - Left Parenthesis:      (
#  - Reverse Solidus:       \
#  - Colon:                 :
#  - Quotation Mark         "
#  - Single Quotation Mark  '
#  - Asterisk               *
#  - Question Mark          ?
#  - Less-than Sign         <
#  - Greater-than Sign      >
#  - Vertical Line          |
#  - Plus Sign              +
#  - Space Character
#  - UnderScore             _
#
#  1. Sed is utilized for character replacement therefore characters listed
#     in the bracket expression [...] must be escaped as necessary.
#  2. Any forward slashes `/` in the basename are substituted by default with
#     a Colon `:` at the shell level - so it's unnecessary to search for them.
#
declare -r IMPERMISSIBLE_CHARS="[][()\\:\"'*?<>|+_ ]"
declare -r REPLACEMENT_STRING="-"

# Obtain the POSIX path of each selected item in the `Finder`. Input must
# passed to this script via a preceding `Get Selected Finder Items` action
# in an Automator Services workflow.
declare selected_items=("$@")

declare -a sorted_paths
declare -a numbered_paths

# Prefix the POSIX path depth level to itself to aid sorting.
for ((i = 0; i < "${#selected_items[@]}"; i++)); do
  numbered_paths+=("$(echo "${selected_items[$i]}" | \
      awk -F "/" '{ print NF-1, $0 }')")
done

# Sort each POSIX path in an array by descending order of its depth.
# This ensures deeper paths are renamed before shallower paths.
IFS=$'\n' read -rd '' -a sorted_paths <<<  \
    "$(printf "%s\\n" "${numbered_paths[@]}" | sort -rn )"


# Logic to perform replacement of impermissible characters in a path basename.
# @param: {Array} - POSIX paths sorted by depth in descending order.
renameBaseName() {
  local paths=("$@") new_basename new_path

  for path in "${paths[@]}"; do

    # Remove numerical prefix from each $path.
    path="$(sed -E "s/^[0-9]+ //" <<< "$path")"

    # Replaces impermissible characters in path basename
    # and subsitutes uppercase characters with lowercase.
    new_basename="$(sed "s/$IMPERMISSIBLE_CHARS/$REPLACEMENT_STRING/g" <<< \
        "$(basename "${path}")" | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")"

    # Concatenate original dirname and new basename to form new path.
    new_path="$(dirname "${path}")"/"$new_basename"

    # Only rename the item when:
    # - New path does not already exist to prevent data loss.
    # - New basename length is less than or equal to 255 characters.
    if ! [ -e "$new_path" ] && [[ ${#new_basename} -le 255 ]]; then
      mv -n "$path" "$new_path"
    fi
  done
}

renameBaseName "${sorted_paths[@]}"

Automator服务/工作流程的完整画布区域现在应该如下所示：
输入⌘S，或选择File＆gt;菜单栏中显示Save。我们将文件命名为Replace Impermissible Chars。

运行服务：

在 Finder ：
中
- 选择单个文件或文件夹，然后 ctrl + 点击以显示上下文菜单
- 在上下文菜单中选择Replace Impermissible Chars服务以运行它。
或者，在 Finder ：
中
- 选择多个文件和/或文件夹，然后 ctrl + 点击以显示上下文菜单
- 在上下文菜单中选择Replace Impermissible Chars服务以运行它。

注意：

Finder 将允许服务一次最多选择1000个文件/文件夹。
如果这是您创建的第一个Automator服务，可能（如果我记得正确！）需要重新启动计算机才能通过上下文弹出窗口显示它菜单。
如果满足以下两个条件之一，Bash Shell脚本将不会替换文件/文件夹名称中不允许的字符：
- 如果已存在与生成的新文件/文件夹名称相匹配的文件/文件夹名称。例如：假设我们有一个名为hello-world.txt的文件，并且在同一文件夹中有一个名为hello?world.txt的文件。如果我们在hello?world.txt上运行服务，则不会更正/更改其名称，因为这可能会覆盖已存在的hello-world.txt文件。
- 如果生成的文件名为>=到255个字符。当然，只有当您将REPLACEMENT_STRING值（在Bash / Shell脚本中）更改为多个字符而不是仅仅一个连字符-时，才会出现这种情况。

Answer 3

这里有两个很好的解决方案。但由于每个问题通常有很多解决方案，我提供另一个：

    property alphabet : "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    rename from "HELLO World+Foo(\"Bar\")new.ext"
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ### HANDLERS
    #
    # rename from:
    #   Receives a text string and processes it for invalid characters, which
    #   get replaced with the specified replacement string (default: "-"),
    #   returning the result
    to rename from filename given disallowed:¬
        invalidCharSet as text : "[()[\\/:\"*?<>|]+_] ", replaceWith:¬
        replacementStr as text : "-"
        local filename
        local invalidCharSet, replacementStr

        set my text item delimiters to {replacementStr} & ¬
            the characters of the invalidCharSet

        text items of the filename as text

        makeLowercase(the result)
    end rename


    # makeLowercase():
    #   Receives a text string as input and returns the string formatted as
    #   lowercase text
    to makeLowercase(str as text)
        local str

        set my text item delimiters to ""

        if str = "" then return ""

        set [firstLetter, otherLetters] to [¬
            the first character, ¬
            the rest of the characters] of str


        tell the firstLetter to if ¬
            it is "-" or ¬
            it is not in the alphabet then ¬
            return it & my makeLowercase(the otherLetters)

        considering case
            set x to (offset of the firstLetter in the alphabet) mod 27
        end considering

        return character x of the alphabet & my makeLowercase(the otherLetters)
    end makeLowercase

此代码可用于运行AppleScript Automator 操作，将rename from...放在on run {input, parameters}处理程序中，其余代码在它之外。它可以跟随为其提供 Finder 中的文件列表的操作，或者如果它作为服务

property alphabet : "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" on run {input, parameters} tell application "Finder" to repeat with f in input set the name of f to (rename from f) end repeat end run to rename from ... . . end rename to makeLowercase(str as text) . . end makeLowercase

使用AppleScript用短划线替换文件名中的无效字符

3 个答案:

配置Automator

运行服务：

注意：