Python 2.7 CSV文件读/写\ xef \ xbb \ xbf代码

Question

我有一个关于Python 2.7读/写csv文件的问题＆＃39; utf-8-sig＆＃39;代码，我的csv。标题是

['\xef\xbb\xbfID;timestamp;CustomerID;Email']

我从文件"\xef\xbb\xbfID"读取了一些代码（A.csv），我希望将相同的代码和标题写入文件B.csv

我的打印日志显示：

['\xef\xbb\xbfID;timestamp;CustomerID;Email']

但实际的输出文件标题看起来像是

ÔªøID;timestamp

以下是代码：

def remove_gdpr_info_from_csv(file_path, file_name, temp_folder, original_header):
    new_temp_folder = tempfile.mkdtemp()
    new_temp_file = new_temp_folder + "/" + file_name
    # Blanked new file
    with open(new_temp_file, 'wb') as outfile:
        writer = csv.writer(outfile, delimiter=";")
        print original_header
        writer.writerow(original_header)
        # File from SFTP
        with open(file_path, 'r') as infile:
            reader = csv.reader(infile, delimiter=";")
            first_row = next(reader)
            email = first_row.index('Email')
            contract_detractor1 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor (Q21)')
            contract_detractor2 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor (Q20)')
            contract_detractor3 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor (Q43)')
            contract_detractor4 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor(Q26)')
            contract_detractor5 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor(Q27)')
            contract_detractor6 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor(Q44)')
            indexes = []
            for column_name in header_list:
                ind = first_row.index(column_name)
                indexes.append(ind)

            for row in reader:
                output_row = []
                for ind in indexes:
                    data = row[ind]
                    if ind == email:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor1:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor2:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor3:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor4:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor5:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor6:
                        data = ''
                    output_row.append(data)
                writer.writerow(output_row)
    s3core.upload_files(SPARKY_S3, DESTINATION_PATH, new_temp_file)
    shutil.rmtree(temp_folder)
    shutil.rmtree(new_temp_folder)

Answer 1

'\xef\xbb\xbf'是unicode ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE U + FEFF的UTF8编码版本。它通常用作unicode文本文件开头的字节顺序标记：

• 当你有3个字节：'\xef\xbb\xbf'时，文件是utf8编码的
• 如果你有2个字节：'\xff\xfe'，那么该文件是utf16 little endian
• 当你有2个字节：'\xfe\xff'时，文件是utf16大端

'utf-8-sig'编码明确要求在文件开头写入此BOM

要在Python 2中的csv文件的读取时自动处理它，您可以使用编解码器模块：

with open(file_path, 'r') as infile:
    reader = csv.reader(codecs.EncodedFile(infile, 'utf8-sig', 'utf8'), delimiter=";")

EncodedFile将通过在utf8-sig中对其进行解码来包装原始文件对象，实际上跳过BOM并在utf8中重新编码它而没有BOM。

Answer 2

您要像Serge Ballesta的回答一样，使用EncodedFile库中的codecs方法。

但是，使用Python 2.7编码utf-8-sig不是UTF8-sig编码受支持的别名，您需要使用utf_8_sig。另外，方法属性的顺序需要首先定义输出数据编码，然后定义文件编码：codecs.EncodedFile(file,datacodec,filecodec=None,errors=’strict')

这是完整的结果：

import codecs
with open(file_path, 'r') as infile:
    reader = csv.reader(codecs.EncodedFile(infile, 'utf8', 'utf_8_sig'), delimiter=";")