下面,当我执行goto
命令时,它只是挂起而且我必须使用Control-C。我也试过了EXIT /b
。我尽可能地避免转到goto。有办法做我想要的吗?
:SUB_bigRandLooper
set /a lcv=0
FOR /L %%s IN ( 0 , 0 , 1 ) DO (
set big-rand=!random:~-4!
echo big-rand is !big-rand!
set /a lcv=%lcv+1
if !big-rand! GTR 9900 goto bigRandLooperWrapup
)
:bigRandLooperWrapup
echo biggest-rand is %big-rand%
echo lcv is %lcv%
EXIT /B
答案 0 :(得分:2)
简短的回答是:不,你不能。
由于您正在使用N
并建立一个无限循环,并且循环在执行之前已经过预处理和缓存,因此for /L
不会中断它; goto
打破了循环上下文,或更正确地说出goto
/ (
块上下文,因此块中不再执行任何命令,但循环本身仍在运行。
您可以通过以下代码证明这一点:
)
您会看到for /L %%I in (1,1,100000) do (
echo %%I
if %%I equ 10 goto :SKIP
)
:SKIP
echo skipped
仅从echo %%I
%%I
执行1
,但执行不会立即在10
继续执行,但有一个echo skipped
值得注意的延迟,因为循环在后台完成迭代,但不再执行任何命令。
虽然有一种解决办法:你可以用goto
建立无限循环,如下所示:
:SUB_bigRandLooper
set /A lcv=0
:bigRangLooperLoop
set big-rand=!random:~-4!
echo big-rand is !big-rand!
set /A lcv+=1
if !big-rand! gtr 9900 goto :bigRandLooperWrapup
goto :bigRangLooperLoop
:bigRandLooperWrapup
echo biggest-rand is %big-rand%
echo lcv is %lcv%
exit /B
我知道goto
循环比for /L
循环慢,但这是创建可破坏无限循环的唯一方法。
更快的方法是嵌套两个循环方法:使用for /L
迭代几千次并包裹无限goto
循环。
另一种解决方法是利用exit
命令可以中断(无限)for /L
循环这一事实。但由于这也会退出批处理文件正在运行的cmd
实例,因此需要将循环放入单独的cmd
实例中。当然,环境与当前环境完全分开。解决方案可能如下所示:
:SUB_bigRandLooper
@echo off
rem // Check for argument, interpret it as jump label if given:
if not "%~1"=="" goto %~1
rem /* Establish explicit `cmd` instance for executing the `for /L` loop;
rem the `for /F` loop implicitly creates the new `cmd` instance for the command
rem it executes, so we do not have to explicitly call `cmd /C` here; the resulting
rem values are echoed by the sub-routine and captured here by `for /F`: */
for /F "tokens=1,2" %%I in ('"%~f0" :bigRandLooperLoop') do (
rem // Assign captured values to environment variables:
set "big-rand=%%I" & set "lcv=%%J"
)
:bigRandLooperWrapup
echo biggest-rand is %big-rand%
echo lcv is %lcv%
exit /B
:bigRandLooperLoop
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set /A lcv=0
for /L %%s in (0,0,1) do (
set big-rand=!random:~-4!
rem /* Explicitly redirect this output to the console window to prevent it from
rem being captured by `for /F` in the main routine too: */
> con echo big-rand is !big-rand!
set /A lcv+=1
if !big-rand! gtr 9900 (
rem // Output found values in order to be able to capture them by `for /F`:
echo !big-rand! !lcv!
rem // Break loop and leave current `cmd` instance:
exit
)
)
endlocal