Question

我正在尝试为我拥有的验证器类编写单元测试。因此，在我的UniqueEmailValidator类中，我注入了一个@Service组件来检查它是否存在。

@AllArgsConstructor
public class UniqueEmailValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UniqueEmail, String> {

    private final AccountService accountService;

    @Override
    public void initialize(final UniqueEmail constraintAnnotation) {
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(final String email, final ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
        return !this.accountService.findByEmail(email).isPresent();
    }
}

@Documented
@Target({TYPE, FIELD, ANNOTATION_TYPE}) 
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Constraint(validatedBy = UniqueEmailValidator.class)
public @interface UniqueEmail {

    String message() default "{com.x.x.validator.UniqueEmail.message}";
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
}

我试图为这个约束验证器编写单元测试。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class AccountValidatorTest {

    private static Validator validator;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setUp() {
        ValidatorFactory factory = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
        validator = factory.getValidator();
    }

    @Autowired
    private AccountRepository accountRepository;

    @Test
    public void shouldDetectDuplicatedEmailAddress() {

        User user = new User(); 
        // Setters omit

        // accountRepository.save(user);

        Set<ConstraintViolation<AccountRegistrationForm>> violations = validator.validate(user);

        assertEquals(1, violations.size());
    }

}

如何在Validator类中初始化AccountService？它似乎没有被注入，因此，null异常。这是追踪。

javax.validation.ValidationException: HV000064: Unable to instantiate ConstraintValidator: com.x.x.validator.UniqueEmailValidator.
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.privilegedactions.NewInstance.run(NewInstance.java:43)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl.run(ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl.java:43)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl.getInstance(ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl.java:28)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ClassBasedValidatorDescriptor.newInstance(ClassBasedValidatorDescriptor.java:65)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintValidatorManager.createAndInitializeValidator(ConstraintValidatorManager.java:184)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintValidatorManager.getInitializedValidator(ConstraintValidatorManager.java:136)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.getInitializedConstraintValidator(ConstraintTree.java:148)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.getInitializedConstraintValidator(ConstraintTree.java:124)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.SimpleConstraintTree.validateConstraints(SimpleConstraintTree.java:55)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.validateConstraints(ConstraintTree.java:73)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.metadata.core.MetaConstraint.doValidateConstraint(MetaConstraint.java:127)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.metadata.core.MetaConstraint.validateConstraint(MetaConstraint.java:120)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateMetaConstraint(ValidatorImpl.java:533)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForSingleDefaultGroupElement(ValidatorImpl.java:496)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForDefaultGroup(ValidatorImpl.java:465)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForCurrentGroup(ValidatorImpl.java:430)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateInContext(ValidatorImpl.java:380)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validate(ValidatorImpl.java:169)
    at com.x.x.AccountValidatorTest.shouldDetectDuplicatedEmailAddress(AccountValidatorTest.java:95)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.java:73)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.java:83)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:538)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:760)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:460)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:206)
Caused by: java.lang.InstantiationException: com.x.x.validator.UniqueEmailValidator
    at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.privilegedactions.NewInstance.run(NewInstance.java:40)
    ... 50 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.x.x.validator.UniqueEmailValidator.<init>()
    at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Unknown Source)
    ... 52 more

感谢。

Answer 1

实际问题在于您提供的堆栈跟踪的深层次：

Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.x.x.validator.UniqueEmailValidator.<init>()
at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Unknown Source)
... 52 more

抛出此错误消息是因为有些代码试图在没有任何参数的情况下实例化UniqueEmailValidator类构造函数。该问题将通过向此类添加默认构造函数来解决：

public class UniqueEmailValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UniqueEmail, String> {
    public UniqueEmailValidator() {
    }
    ...
}

希望这有帮助！

Answer 2

您需要具有默认的非参数public构造函数。如果您需要将Spring组件传递到验证器中，则可能会在测试中遇到问题。

我solved it拥有一个拥有服务的组件，并具有提供该服务的静态方法。

Answer 3

有一种方法可以在不添加默认构造函数的情况下设置测试，方法是将验证器作为验证器工厂的上下文。您可以通过模拟 ConstraintValidatorFactory 并在请求时返回新的 UniqueEmailValidator 实例来实现此目的：

private static Validator validator;

@Autowired
private final AccountService accountService;

@BeforeClass
public static void setUp() {
    ConstraintValidatorFactory cvf = mock(ConstraintValidatorFactory.class);
    when(cvf.getInstance(UniqueEmailValidator.class)).thenReturn(new UniqueEmailValidator(accountService));

    validator = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory()
        .usingContext()
        .constraintValidatorFactory(cvf)
        .getValidator();
}

...

Validator的Spring单元测试问题

3 个答案: