如何用Rspec编写elasticsearch的规范

Question

我正在尝试为弹性搜索编写规范，我的生产堆栈是： Ruby 2.3.1，rails 5.0.3，托管弹性搜索集群（cloud.elastic.co）。

情况

在托管集群中索引文档时，会添加一些索引属性，例如，如果我索引建筑物（Rails模型）实例的名称，则索引文档中将有一个名称和一个“name.keyword”

问题

我使用https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch-ruby/tree/master/elasticsearch-extensions#testcluster在我的rspec套件之前创建了一个测试集群，并在我的OSX上使用Homebrew（brew install elasticsearch）安装了elasticsearch 6.2.4。 然后我开始编写规范，在我的控制器操作中，我按name.keyword排序，以便查询看起来像

{
  query: {
    sort: {
      name: { order: :asc}
    }
  }
}

此时我收到错误。

错误

...

Failure/Error: response.headers["count"] = buildings.response.hits.total

 Elasticsearch::Transport::Transport::Errors::BadRequest:
   [400] {"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"No mapping found for [name.keyword] in order to sort on","index_uuid":"XXqX1-GCQbaHDkhHeTZS5Q","index":"buildings"}],"type":"search_phase_execution_exception","reason":"all shards failed","phase":"query","grouped":true,"failed_shards":[{"shard":0,"index":"buildings","node":"INMaKXXNT5S26JBjhTHUqw","reason":{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"No mapping found for [name.keyword] in order to sort on","index_uuid":"XXqX1-GCQbaHDkhHeTZS5Q","index":"buildings"}}]},"status":400}
 Shared Example Group: "authentication" called from ./spec/controllers/user_api/v1/buildings_controller_spec.rb:5
 # /Users/Thomas/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/elasticsearch-transport-5.0.5/lib/elasticsearch/transport/transport/base.rb:202:in `__raise_transport_error'
 # /Users/Thomas/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/elasticsearch-transport-5.0.5/lib/elasticsearch/transport/transport/base.rb:319:in `perform_request'
 # /Users/Thomas/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/elasticsearch-transport-5.0.5/lib/elasticsearch/transport/transport/http/faraday.rb:20:in `perform_request'
 # /Users/Thomas/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/elasticsearch-transport-5.0.5/lib/elasticsearch/transport/client.rb:131:in `perform_request'
...

错误的主要部分："reason":"No mapping found for [name.keyword] in order to sort on"

假设

• 1 /我需要自己编写映射，并提供字段name.keyword，但我不确定如何执行此操作
• 2 /我应该使用托管测试群集来复制相同的行为

我认为1 /可能是要走的路，但弹性搜索指南在谈论他们的宝石时很难阅读，而我却无法这样做。 2 /当然更容易，但我想知道它是否会在长期内导致更多问题（性能等）

文档

https://medium.com/@rowanoulton/testing-elasticsearch-in-rails-22a3296d989 https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch-rails/issues/69

欢迎任何想法！