我试图打印给定开始目录中的所有目录/子目录。
for i in $(ls -A -R -p); do
if [ -d "$i" ]; then
printf "%s/%s \n" "$PWD" "$i"
fi
done;
此脚本返回在中找到的所有目录。目录和该目录中的所有文件,但由于某种原因,子目录的测试失败。所有目录最终都在$ i中,输出看起来完全一样 让我们说我有以下结构:
foo/bar/test
echo $ i print
foo/
bar/
test/
虽然文件夹的内容列出如下:
./foo:
file1
file2
./bar:
file1
file2
然而,测试语句只是打印出来:
PWD/TO/THIS/DIRECTORY/foo
由于某种原因,它对于第一级目录返回true,但对所有子目录返回false。
(ls可能不是一个很好的方法,我会很高兴找到一个解决我所有问题的发现声明,但首先我想知道为什么这个脚本没有像你那样工作#39 ; d想。)
答案 0 :(得分:2)
正如评论中所指出的,问题是目录名称包含:
,因此-d
为false。
我想这个命令可以为你提供你想要的输出(虽然它需要Bash):
# enable globstar for **
# disabled in non-interactive shell (e.g. a script)
shopt -s globstar
# print each path ending in a / (all directories)
# ** expands recursively
printf '%s\n' **/*/
标准方法是自己进行递归,或使用find
:
find . -type d
答案 1 :(得分:1)
考虑你的输出:
dir1:
dir1a
现在,以下情况属实:
[ -d dir1/dir1a ]
但这不是你的代码所做的;相反,它运行:
[ -d dir1a ]
为避免这种情况,请勿尝试解析ls
;如果你想在基线POSIX sh中实现递归,那么自己动手:
callForEachEntry() {
# because calling this without any command provided would try to execute all found files
# as commands, checking for safe/correct invocation is essential.
if [ "$#" -lt 2 ]; then
echo "Usage: callForEachEntry starting-directory command-name [arg1 arg2...]" >&2
echo " ...calls command-name once for each file recursively found" >&2
return 1
fi
# try to declare variables local, swallow/hide error messages if this fails; code is
# defensively written to avoid breaking if recursing changes either, but may be faulty if
# the command passed as an argument modifies "dir" or "entry" variables.
local dir entry 2>/dev/null ||: "not strict POSIX, but available in dash"
dir=$1; shift
for entry in "$dir"/*; do
# skip if the glob matched nothing
[ -e "$entry" ] || [ -L "$entry" ] || continue
# invoke user-provided callback for the entry we found
"$@" "$entry"
# recurse last for if on a baseline platform where the "local" above failed.
if [ -d "$entry" ]; then
callForEachEntry "$entry" "$@"
fi
done
}
# call printf '%s\n' for each file we recursively find; replace this with the code you
# actually want to call, wrapped in a function if appropriate.
callForEachEntry "$PWD" printf '%s\n'
find
也可以安全使用,但不作为原始代码ls
使用方式的替代方式 - for dir in $(find . -type d)
就像马车一样。相反,请参阅"复杂动作"和"散装行动" Using Find的一部分。