Question

感谢大家在上一篇文章中提供的帮助！从函数中提取信息时，我仍然遇到从整数转换为字符串的问题。我试图将月份的实际名称显示到输出而不是与其关联的数字。我不确定如何成功转换为字符串。它在下面用数字代替它，但是我无法让它在屏幕上显示字符串。

例如，我需要有一句话：“ 1月”的最大降雨量 12 英寸

编辑：总结一下，我无法让函数带来字符串，而不是整数值。在我的代码顶部声明的函数是我的教授给我们使用的，所以我不能做任何不同的声明。

// Declare const variables
const int TOTALMONTHS = 12;

// Declare array for months and rainfall
string months[] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" };
double rainFall[TOTALMONTHS];

// Declare functions
double getLowest(double[], int, int&);
double getHighest(double[], int, int&);

int main()
{
    int subscript;
    for (int months = 0; months < TOTALMONTHS; months++)
    {
         // Get this month's rainfall.
         cout << "Enter the rainfall (in inches) for ";
         cout << monthNames[months] << ": ";
         cin >> rainFall[months];
    }

    // Display the largest amount of rainfall.
    cout << "The largest amount of rainfall was ";
    cout << getHighest(rainFall, TOTALMONTHS, subscript)
        << " inches in month ";
    cout << (subscript + 1) << "." << endl;

    // Display the smallest amount of rainfall.
    cout << "The smallest amount of rainfall was ";
    cout << getLowest(rainFall, TOTALMONTHS, subscript)
        << " inches in month ";
    cout << (subscript + 1) << "." << endl << endl;

    // End of program
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

double getLowest(double rainFall[], int TOTALMONTHS, int &subscript)
{
    double smallest;
    smallest = rainFall[0];

    for (int months = 0; months < TOTALMONTHS; months++)
    {
        if (rainFall[months] < smallest)
        {
            smallest = rainFall[months];
            subscript = months; 
        }
    }
    return smallest;
}

double getHighest(double rainFall[], int TOTALMONTHS, int &subscript)
{
    double largest;
    largest = rainFall[0];

    for (int months = 0; months < TOTALMONTHS; months++)
    {
        if (rainFall[months] > largest) 
        {
            largest = rainFall[months];
            subscript = months; 
        }
    }

    return largest;
}

Answer 1

使用简单的索引

std::string months[] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" };

std::string IntToString(int id)
{
    if ( id < 1 || id > 12 )
    {
        return "BadMonth";
    }
    return months[id-1];
}

int main()
{
    std::cout << IntToString(1) << std::endl;
    std::cout << IntToString(2) << std::endl;
    std::cout << IntToString(3) << std::endl;
    std::cout << IntToString(0) << std::endl;
}

输出是：

January
February
March
BadMonth

在您的上下文中，我认为您应该替换

cout << (subscript + 1) << "." << endl << endl;

与

cout << IntToString(subscript + 1) << "." << endl << endl;

添加我的方法后。或者只是

cout << months[subscript] << "." << endl << endl;

不添加任何新代码。

Answer 2

注意我还在函数中添加了subscript = 0; 这很简单：

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>

using namespace std;

// Declare const variables
const int TOTALMONTHS = 12;

// Declare array for months and rainfall
string monthNames[] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" };
double rainFall[TOTALMONTHS];

// Declare functions
double getLowest(double[], int, int&);
double getHighest(double[], int, int&);

int main()
{
    int subscript;
    for (int months = 0; months < TOTALMONTHS; months++)
    {
        // Get this month's rainfall.
        cout << "Enter the rainfall (in inches) for ";
        cout << monthNames[months] << ": ";
        cin >> rainFall[months];
    }

    // Display the largest amount of rainfall.
    cout << "The largest amount of rainfall was ";
    cout << getHighest(rainFall, TOTALMONTHS, subscript)
        << " inches in month ";
    cout << monthNames[subscript] << "." << endl;

    // Display the smallest amount of rainfall.
    cout << "The smallest amount of rainfall was ";
    cout << getLowest(rainFall, TOTALMONTHS, subscript)
        << " inches in month ";
    cout << monthNames[subscript] << "." << endl << endl;

    // End of program
    //system("pause");
    return 0;
}

double getLowest(double rainFall[], int TOTALMONTHS, int &subscript)
{
    double smallest;
    smallest = rainFall[0];
    subscript = 0;

    for (int months = 0; months < TOTALMONTHS; months++)
    {
        if (rainFall[months] < smallest)
        {
            smallest = rainFall[months];
            subscript = months; 
        }
    }
    return smallest;
}

double getHighest(double rainFall[], int TOTALMONTHS, int &subscript)
{
    double largest;
    largest = rainFall[0];
    subscript = 0;

    for (int months = 0; months < TOTALMONTHS; months++)
    {
        if (rainFall[months] > largest) 
        {
            largest = rainFall[months];
            subscript = months; 
        }
    }

    return largest;
}

使用函数时从整数转换为字符串

2 个答案: