我正试图解决这个问题“二叉树颠倒”。例如,如果我们有二叉树:
1
/ \
2 3
/ \
4 5
运行我的功能后,它将变为:
4
/ \
5 2
/ \
3 1
我得到了以下递归代码,但无法理解// 1和// 5之间的步骤;
public TreeNode UpsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) return null;
TreeNode parent = root, left = root.left, right = root.right;
if (left != null)
{
TreeNode ret = UpsideDownBinaryTree(left); //1
left.left = right; //2
left.right = parent; //3
return ret; //4
}
return root; //5
}
有人可以向我详细解释每个步骤在这里做了什么吗?另外,为什么我们有两个单独的回报:return ret
,return root
?
我知道如何对常规数组,列表和一些二叉树进行递归。但是这种递归逻辑似乎与我之前所知的不同。我甚至使用IDE来逐步完成,但仍然无法完全理解它。
此问题我还有以下迭代代码。我能理解这段代码。它从根目录扫描树离开。但对于递归代码,它是从root用户扫描树离开并从离开到构建新树的根?我理解正确吗?
public TreeNode UpSideDownTree_Iterative(TreeNode root)
{
TreeNode node = root,parent = null,right = null;
while (node != null) {
TreeNode left = node.left;
node.left = right;
right = node.right;
node.right = parent;
parent = node;
node = left;
}
return parent;
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
从最后一次调用向后看它可能会有所帮助 该方法以左节点递归调用,因此将使用节点1,2和4调用 最后左边的节点(叶子)是节点4: 见评论:
//when invoked with node 4
public TreeNode UpsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) return null;
TreeNode parent = root; //node 4
TreeNode leftNode = root.left; //null
TreeNode rightNode = root.right; //null
if (leftNode != null)
{
//not executed
TreeNode ret = UpsideDownBinaryTree(leftNode); //invoke with 2
leftNode.left = rightNode; //left of node 2 becomes node 3
leftNode.right = parent; //right of node 2 becomes 1
return ret;
}
return root; //returned. The leaf becomes new root
}
让我们看一下上一步:它返回上一次调用(节点2):
//when invoked with node 2
public TreeNode UpsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) return null;
TreeNode parent = root; //node 2
TreeNode leftNode = root.left; //node 4
TreeNode rightNode = root.right; //node 5
if (leftNode != null)
{
TreeNode ret = UpsideDownBinaryTree(leftNode); //invoke with node 4
//as seen above return
//value is node 4
//which is the new root
leftNode.left = rightNode; //left of node 4 becomes node 5
leftNode.right = parent; //right of node 4 becomes 2
return ret; //node 4 returned, the new root
}
return root;
}
第一次调用(节点1)与节点2非常相似。