尝试冻结Python 3.6.5应用程序时出现_sysconfigdata错误

Question

我正在尝试使用默认的Python freeze.py实用程序将Python 3.6.5应用程序冻结到Linux（Fedora 27 64位）上的独立可执行文件中。我已经编译了Python 3.6.5，我试图用以下（清理过的）命令冻结我的应用程序：

LOCAL_PYTHON=(path to my compiled local python directory)
$LOCAL_PYTHON/python $LOCAL_PYTHON/Tools/freeze/freeze.py -p $LOCAL_PYTHON 
    -P $LOCAL_PYTHON -o frozen myapp.py

此冻结命令似乎工作正常，并按我的预期生成myapp可执行文件，但运行可执行文件会引发以下异常：

Failed to import the site module
Traceback (most recent call last): 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 971, in _find_and_load  
 return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_) 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked  
 module = _load_unlocked(spec)  
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 665, in _load_unlocked  
 spec.loader.exec_module(module)
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 807, in exec_module  
 exec(code, module.__dict__) 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/site.py", line 544, in <module>
 main() 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/site.py", line 530, in main 
 known_paths = addusersitepackages(known_paths)
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/site.py", line 282, in addusersitepackages 
 user_site = getusersitepackages() 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/site.py", line 258, in getusersitepackages 
 user_base = getuserbase() # this will also set USER_BASE  
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/site.py", line 248, in getuserbase
 USER_BASE = get_config_var('userbase')  
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/sysconfig.py", line 601, in get_config_var 
 return get_config_vars().get(name)
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/sysconfig.py", line 550, in get_config_vars
 _init_posix(_CONFIG_VARS)
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/sysconfig.py", line 421, in _init_posix 
 _temp = __import__(name, globals(), locals(), ['build_time_vars'], 0) 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 971, in _find_and_load  
 return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_) 
  File "$LOCAL_PYTHON/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked  
 raise ModuleNotFoundError(_ERR_MSG.format(name), name=name)  
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_sysconfigdata_m_linux_x86_64-linux-gnu'  

如果我运行它没有冻结（例如$LOCAL_PYTHON/python myapp.py），我的应用程序工作正常，并且相同的冻结命令和应用程序在Windows上生成可运行的可执行文件。是否存在某些特定于平台的冻结参数或环境变量？

Answer 1

所以我能够通过使用docker重现这个问题。我使用下面的

运行了一个docker容器

return this.addMessage.controls['message'].value

然后运行以下命令从源代码

设置python

docker run -it fedora:27 bash

之后我创建了一个简单的yum install -y git gcc unzip zip wget curl make cmake zlib-devel libsq3-devel readline-devel openssl-devel which vim findutils mkdir py cd py/ wget "https://github.com/python/cpython/archive/v3.6.5.zip" unzip v3.6.5.zip cd cpython-3.6.5/ ./configure --with-debug make -j8

app.py

然后我跑了

print('this is from app')

我得到了以下异常

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LOCAL_PYTHON=/py/cpython-3.6.5/
$LOCAL_PYTHON/python $LOCAL_PYTHON/Tools/freeze/freeze.py -p $LOCAL_PYTHON -P $LOCAL_PYTHON -o frozen app.py
cd frozen/
make
./app

和你一样。然后我运行[root@54ba4757d177 frozen]# ./app Failed to import the site module Traceback (most recent call last): File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 971, in _find_and_load return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked module = _load_unlocked(spec) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 665, in _load_unlocked spec.loader.exec_module(module) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 807, in exec_module exec(code, module.__dict__) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/site.py", line 544, in <module> main() File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/site.py", line 530, in main known_paths = addusersitepackages(known_paths) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/site.py", line 282, in addusersitepackages user_site = getusersitepackages() File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/site.py", line 258, in getusersitepackages user_base = getuserbase() # this will also set USER_BASE File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/site.py", line 248, in getuserbase USER_BASE = get_config_var('userbase') File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/sysconfig.py", line 601, in get_config_var return get_config_vars().get(name) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/sysconfig.py", line 550, in get_config_vars _init_posix(_CONFIG_VARS) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/sysconfig.py", line 421, in _init_posix _temp = __import__(name, globals(), locals(), ['build_time_vars'], 0) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 971, in _find_and_load return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_) File "/py/cpython-3.6.5/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked raise ModuleNotFoundError(_ERR_MSG.format(name), name=name) ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_sysconfigdata_m_linux_x86_64-linux-gnu' 来安装python并再次尝试

make install

然后再次使用该应用

make install -C /py/cpython-3.6.5/

它有效，所以我明白问题是生成的应用程序假定python安装在机器上。然后我以

的形式找到了黄金

Python freeze.py generated bin doesn't run

我更新了[root@54ba4757d177 frozen]# ./app this is from app 文件，并在/py/cpython-3.6.5/Tools/freeze/makefreeze.py之前添加了Py_NoSiteFlag = 1;。

当然我再次创建容器以确保系统上没有安装python。然后再次重新编译应用程序和宾果游戏！

PyImport_FrozenModules = _PyImport_FrozenModules;

为了更进一步，我删除了所有python源代码，构建文件并再次运行应用程序，它运行良好