我在youtube和google中尝试了所有解决方案但没有一个能够正常工作。问题是,当我想切换到新场景时,将数据发送到另一个场景,我收到错误
空指针异常
public class FirstController implements Initializable {
@FXML private TextField textField;
@FXML private Button btn;
@Override
public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void onClick(ActionEvent event){
//switching to new scene
FXMLLoader loader=new FXMLLoader();
loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("/application/Second.fxml"));
try{
loader.load();
}catch(Exception e){ }
SecondController sn=loader.getController();
sn.setText(textField.getText());
Parent p=loader.getRoot();
Stage window=new Stage();
window.setScene(new Scene(p));
window.setTitle("dfd");
window.show();
}
}
main.fxml:
<AnchorPane prefHeight="450.0" prefWidth="650.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.141" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="application.Main">
<children>
<Button fx:id="btn" layoutX="285.0" layoutY="264.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#onClick" text="Button" />
<TextField fx:id="textField" layoutX="237.0" layoutY="213.0" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
第二控制器:
public class SecondController implements Initializable {
@FXML private Label labelField;
@Override
public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void setText(String name){
this.labelField.setText(name);
}
}
Second.fxml:
`<AnchorPane prefHeight="450.0" prefWidth="650.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.141" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<children>
<Label fx:id="labelField" layoutX="297.0" layoutY="208.0" text="Label" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
答案 0 :(得分:0)
您的第二个FXML文件缺少fx:controller
属性。因此,当您加载它时,没有控制器,因此loader.getController()
返回null。
因此,当您调用sn.setText(...)
时,会出现空指针异常。
只需将缺少的fx:controller
属性添加到第二个FXML文件即可。假设SecondController
包含在application
包中,它将如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<AnchorPane prefHeight="450.0" prefWidth="650.0" fx:controller="application.SecondController" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.141" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<children>
<Label fx:id="labelField" layoutX="297.0" layoutY="208.0" text="Label" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
另请注意,使用
静默“压缩”异常是非常糟糕的做法try {
/* ... */
} catch (Exception e) { }
如果随后的代码依赖于try
块中的代码成功,则会特别糟糕。特别是,在这种情况下,如果您对load()
的调用导致异常(可能由于多种原因而发生,包括未找到FXML或无效,fx:id
和字段名称,或者类型,
不匹配,处理程序的方法名称不匹配或具有错误的参数等),然后加载方法将无提示失败并且控制器将不在加载器中设置。这将再次导致sn
为空。
以下是使用您的代码的完整示例,但修复了其他错误以及插入了缺少的fx:controller
属性:
application/Main.java
:
package application;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class Main extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
Scene scene = new Scene(FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("First.fxml")));
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}
application/First.fxml
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.TextField?>
<AnchorPane prefHeight="450.0" prefWidth="650.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.141" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="application.FirstController">
<children>
<Button fx:id="btn" layoutX="285.0" layoutY="264.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#onClick" text="Button" />
<TextField fx:id="textField" layoutX="237.0" layoutY="213.0" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
application/FirstController.java
:
package application;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class FirstController implements Initializable {
@FXML private TextField textField;
@FXML private Button btn;
@Override
public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void onClick(ActionEvent event) throws Exception {
//switching to new scene
FXMLLoader loader=new FXMLLoader();
loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("/application/Second.fxml"));
loader.load();
SecondController sn=loader.getController();
sn.setText(textField.getText());
Parent p=loader.getRoot();
Stage window=new Stage();
window.setScene(new Scene(p));
window.setTitle("dfd");
window.show();
}
}
application/Second.fxml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<AnchorPane prefHeight="450.0" prefWidth="650.0" fx:controller="application.SecondController" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.141" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<children>
<Label fx:id="labelField" layoutX="297.0" layoutY="208.0" text="Label" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
application/SecondController.java
package application;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
public class SecondController implements Initializable {
@FXML private Label labelField;
@Override
public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void setText(String name){
this.labelField.setText(name);
}
}