每次从控制器返回HttpNotFoundResult时，有没有办法返回相同的视图？你如何指定这个视图？我猜测在web.config中配置404页面可能有效，但我想知道是否有更好的方法来处理这个结果。
编辑/跟进：
我最终使用了这个问题的第二个答案中找到的解决方案，并对ASP.Net MVC 3进行了一些微调，以处理我的404：How can I properly handle 404s in ASP.Net MVC?
答案 0 :(得分：64)
HttpNotFoundResult不会呈现视图。它只是将状态代码设置为404并返回一个空结果，这对AJAX之类的东西很有用，但是如果你想要一个自定义404错误页面，你可以throw new HttpException(404, "Not found")自动渲染web.config中配置的视图：
<customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" redirectMode="ResponseRewrite">
<error statusCode="404" redirect="/Http404.html" />
</customErrors>
答案 1 :(得分：17)
此解决方案结合了IResultFilter和IExceptionFilter来捕获抛出的HttpException或从动作中返回HttpStatusCodeResult。
public class CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter: IResultFilter, IExceptionFilter
{
string viewName;
int statusCode;
public CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(HttpStatusCodeResult prototype, string viewName)
: this(prototype.StatusCode, viewName) {
}
public CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(int statusCode, string viewName) {
this.viewName = viewName;
this.statusCode = statusCode;
}
public void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext) {
HttpStatusCodeResult httpStatusCodeResult = filterContext.Result as HttpStatusCodeResult;
if (httpStatusCodeResult != null && httpStatusCodeResult.StatusCode == statusCode) {
ExecuteCustomViewResult(filterContext.Controller.ControllerContext);
}
}
public void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext) {
}
public void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) {
HttpException httpException = filterContext.Exception as HttpException;
if (httpException != null && httpException.GetHttpCode() == statusCode) {
ExecuteCustomViewResult(filterContext.Controller.ControllerContext);
// This causes ELMAH not to log exceptions, so commented out
//filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
}
}
void ExecuteCustomViewResult(ControllerContext controllerContext) {
ViewResult viewResult = new ViewResult();
viewResult.ViewName = viewName;
viewResult.ViewData = controllerContext.Controller.ViewData;
viewResult.TempData = controllerContext.Controller.TempData;
viewResult.ExecuteResult(controllerContext);
controllerContext.HttpContext.Response.TrySkipIisCustomErrors = true;
}
}
您可以注册此过滤器，指定要为其显示自定义视图的HttpException的http状态代码或具体的HttpStatusCodeResult。
GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(new HttpNotFoundResult(), "Error404"));
// alternate syntax
GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(404, "Error404"));
它处理在动作中抛出或返回的异常和HttpStatusCodeResult。它不会处理在MVC选择合适的动作和控制器之前发生的错误，例如：
要处理这些类型的NotFound错误，请将此解决方案与other solutions to be found in stackoverflow.
结合使用答案 2 :(得分：14)
来自@Darin Dimitrov的有用信息HttpNotFoundResult实际上返回空结果。
经过一番研究。此处 MVC 3 的解决方法是派生所有HttpNotFoundResult，HttpUnauthorizedResult，HttpStatusCodeResult类并实施 new （覆盖它）{ HttpNotFound中的{1}}（）方法。
最佳做法是使用基本控制器，以便“控制”所有派生的控制器。
我创建了新的BaseController课程，不是来自HttpStatusCodeResult而是来自ActionResult，以通过指定ViewResult来呈现视图或任何View属性。我按原始ViewName设置HttpStatusCodeResult和HttpContext.Response.StatusCode，但HttpContext.Response.StatusDescription将呈现合适的视图，因为我再次从base.ExecuteResult(context)派生。这很简单吗？希望这将在MVC核心中实现。
见下文ViewResult：
BaseController在你的行动中使用：
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace YourNamespace.Controllers
{
public class BaseController : Controller
{
public BaseController()
{
ViewBag.MetaDescription = Settings.metaDescription;
ViewBag.MetaKeywords = Settings.metaKeywords;
}
protected new HttpNotFoundResult HttpNotFound(string statusDescription = null)
{
return new HttpNotFoundResult(statusDescription);
}
protected HttpUnauthorizedResult HttpUnauthorized(string statusDescription = null)
{
return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(statusDescription);
}
protected class HttpNotFoundResult : HttpStatusCodeResult
{
public HttpNotFoundResult() : this(null) { }
public HttpNotFoundResult(string statusDescription) : base(404, statusDescription) { }
}
protected class HttpUnauthorizedResult : HttpStatusCodeResult
{
public HttpUnauthorizedResult(string statusDescription) : base(401, statusDescription) { }
}
protected class HttpStatusCodeResult : ViewResult
{
public int StatusCode { get; private set; }
public string StatusDescription { get; private set; }
public HttpStatusCodeResult(int statusCode) : this(statusCode, null) { }
public HttpStatusCodeResult(int statusCode, string statusDescription)
{
this.StatusCode = statusCode;
this.StatusDescription = statusDescription;
}
public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
{
if (context == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
}
context.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = this.StatusCode;
if (this.StatusDescription != null)
{
context.HttpContext.Response.StatusDescription = this.StatusDescription;
}
// 1. Uncomment this to use the existing Error.ascx / Error.cshtml to view as an error or
// 2. Uncomment this and change to any custom view and set the name here or simply
// 3. (Recommended) Let it commented and the ViewName will be the current controller view action and on your view (or layout view even better) show the @ViewBag.Message to produce an inline message that tell the Not Found or Unauthorized
//this.ViewName = "Error";
this.ViewBag.Message = context.HttpContext.Response.StatusDescription;
base.ExecuteResult(context);
}
}
}
}
在_Layout.cshtml（如母版页）
public ActionResult Index()
{
// Some processing
if (...)
return HttpNotFound();
// Other processing
}
此外，您可以使用自定义视图，例如<div class="content">
@if (ViewBag.Message != null)
{
<div class="inlineMsg"><p>@ViewBag.Message</p></div>
}
@RenderBody()
</div>
或创建新的Error.shtml，就像我在代码中注释一样，您可以为状态说明和其他说明定义视图模型。
答案 3 :(得分：2)
protected override void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName)
{
ViewBag.actionName = actionName;
View("Unknown").ExecuteResult(this.ControllerContext);
}
答案 4 :(得分：0)
这是真正的答案，它允许在一个地方完全自定义错误页面。 无需修改web.confiog或创建复杂的类和代码。 也适用于MVC 5。
将此代码添加到控制器：
if (bad) {
Response.Clear();
Response.TrySkipIisCustomErrors = true;
Response.Write(product + I(" Toodet pole"));
Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotFound;
//Response.ContentType = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
Response.End();
return null;
}
基于http://www.eidias.com/blog/2014/7/2/mvc-custom-error-pages
答案 5 :(得分：0)
如果您想在控制器中使用httpnotfound错误，请按照此操作
GetAll()