我决定尝试使用类来重新创建一个游戏,这样我就不必使用全局变量,但是当我尝试运行游戏时,我收到错误。
Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Users\James\Desktop\botmod OOP\index.py", line 203, in <module> Game.New_Game(Root) File "D:\Users\James\Desktop\botmod OOP\index.py", line 18, in New_Game Play_Button = self.Start_Canvas.create_window(300, 325, window = Play_Button) File "C:\Users\James\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\tkinter\__init__.py">, line 2501, in create_window return self._create('window', args, kw) File "C:\Users\James\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\tkinter\__init__.py">, line 2474, in _create *(args + self._options(cnf, kw))))
_tkinter.TclError: bad window path name ".!button"
我已尽最大努力了解这一点,并且不能单独锻炼错误是什么。下面是我的代码我可以提供所有代码,如果需要只是评论。它应该创建一个Tkinter按钮,然后将其应用到画布,但它给我上面的错误。
def New_Game(self, Root):
self.Start_Canvas = Canvas(Root, width = 600, height = 500, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, bg = '#ffffff')
self.Start_Canvas.pack()
Title = self.Start_Canvas.create_text(300, 163, text = "BOTMOD", font = ('Cinema Gothic BTN Shadow', 75, 'normal'))
Gen_PButton = Button(text = "PLAY", width = 10, font=('Arial', 15), command = self.Play_Game)
Play_Button = self.Start_Canvas.create_window(300, 325, window = Gen_PButton)
Gen_EButton = Button(text = "EXIT", width = 10, font=('Arial', 15), command = lambda: self.Game_End("EXIT"))
Exit_Button = self.Start_Canvas.create_window(300, 375, window = Gen_EButton)
在我使用oop之前,这使用了全局变量和函数,因此在定义按钮时找不到导致问题的原因。
示例代码位于
之下from tkinter import *
from random import choice, shuffle
class Game:
def __init__(self):
self.Playing_Game = True
self.Game_Paused = False
self.Restart_Game = False
self.Already_Played = False
def New_Game(self, Root):
self.Start_Canvas = Canvas(Root, width = 600, height = 500, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, bg = '#ffffff')
self.Start_Canvas.pack()
Title = self.Start_Canvas.create_text(300, 163, text = "BOTMOD", font = ('Cinema Gothic BTN Shadow', 75, 'normal'))
Gen_PButton = Button(text = "PLAY", width = 10, font=('Arial', 15), command = self.Play_Game)
Play_Button = self.Start_Canvas.create_window(300, 325, window = Gen_PButton)
Gen_EButton = Button(text = "EXIT", width = 10, font=('Arial', 15), command = lambda: self.Game_End("EXIT"))
Exit_Button = self.Start_Canvas.create_window(300, 375, window = Gen_EButton)
def Play_Game(self):
if self.Already_Played == False:
self.Start_Canvas.destroy()
self.Menu_Canvas = Canvas(Root, width = 600, height = 500, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, bg = '#C0C0C0')
self.Menu_Canvas.pack()
def Game_End(self):
if self.End_Option == "EXIT":
self.Playing_Game = False
Root.destroy()
else:
self.Game_Finished = True
self.Game_Canvas.create_rectangle(120, 120, 480, 300, fill = "#ffffff")
self.Game_Canvas.create_text(300, 210, text = End_Option, font = ('Abadi', 35, "bold"))
#Continue_Button = Button(Root, text = 'Continue', command = self.Game_Restart)
Exit_Button = Button(Root, text = 'Exit', command = lambda: self.Game_End('EXIT'))
#Continue_Button.pack()
Exit_Button.pack()
Root = Tk()
Game = Game()
while True:
while Game.Restart_Game == False:
if Game.Playing_Game == False:
break
else:
Game_Finished = False
Root = Tk()
if Game.Already_Played == True:
Game.Play_Game()
Root.mainloop()
elif Game.Already_Played == False:
Game.New_Game(Root)
Root.mainloop()
break
答案 0 :(得分:2)
当前的问题是你没有给父母按钮。 tl; dr是您只需要将Root
(或其他一些适当的父窗口)添加到Gen_Pbutton
和Gen_EButton
的构造函数中,就像对所有其他小部件一样。
以下两行有重要区别:
Gen_PButton = Button(Root, text = "PLAY", width = 10, font=('Arial', 15), command = self.Play_Game)
Gen_PButton = Button(text = "PLAY", width = 10, font=('Arial', 15), command = self.Play_Game)
两个版本都为按钮小部件创建了一个新名称(在本例中为.!button
),并创建了一个与该名称相关联的新tkinter.Button
对象 - 但第一个也要求Root
创建名为.!button
的实际窗口小部件,而第二个窗口小部件不要求任何人创建窗口小部件。因此,您最终会得到一个附加到不存在的窗口小部件的Button
对象,并且每当您尝试使用该Button
对象时,都会出现如下错误:
_tkinter.TclError: bad window path name ".!button"
此类错误的常见原因是您已销毁基础按钮小部件但仍尝试使用Button
。但在这种情况下,您从未创建过小部件,这显然会导致同样的问题。
要准确了解幕后的内容,您必须了解Tkinter的工作原理 - 实际的GUI小部件和窗口由代码以完全不同的语言管理,Tcl / Tk和tkinter是与Tcl对象关联的Python对象按名称并代理对这些Tcl对象的每个方法调用。
你可能想知道为什么tkinter会让你首先摆脱这种结构,而不是给你一个更容易理解的错误,更早一行,就像这样:
_tkinter.TclError: trying to create ".!button" with null parent
嗯,从技术上讲,这是完全合法的。您可以稍后通过某种较低级别的方法创建该Tcl小部件,或者您可能已经创建了该Tcl小部件,现在只想将tkinter控制器包裹起来。两者都是非常罕见的情况,但它们并非荒谬,所以tkinter允许它们。
而且,更重要的是:您是否真的更容易理解“更好”的错误消息?当你第一次学习tkinter时,两者都没有意义,而且这两件事都是你可以学会理解和处理的事情。