从同一个类

时间:2018-04-06 00:28:54

标签: c++ class vector methods

我似乎无法弄清楚我正在尝试构建的这个GPA计算器程序是怎么回事。问题出在printTranscript类的Student方法中。该方法调用同一类的getGPA方法,该方法返回一个double,输出是一些大数而不是标准GPA。

main.cpp中:

#include <iostream>
#include "Student.cpp"
using namespace std;
int main(){
    Student stud("Lebron", 23232);
    stud.addCourse("Passing", 3, 'A');
    stud.addCourse("Finals Record", 4, 'D');
    stud.printTranscript();
    return 0;
}

Student.h:

#include "Course.h"
#include <vector>
class Student{
private:
    string name;
    int studentID;
    vector<Course> courses;
public:
    Student(){
        name = "No Name";
        studentID = 0;
    }
    Student(string n, int ID){
        name = n;
        studentID = ID;
    }
    string getName(){
        return name;
    }
    void setName(string n){
        name = n;
    }
    int getID(){
        return studentID;
    }
    void setID(int ID){
        studentID = ID;
    }
    void addCourse(string, int, char);
    void addCourse(Course);
    double getGPA();
    void printTranscript();
};

Student.cpp:

#include "Student.h"
void Student::addCourse(string name, int credits, char grade){
    courses.push_back(Course(name,credits,grade));
}
void Student::addCourse(Course c){
    courses.push_back(c);
}
double Student::getGPA(){
    double gradePoints, totalCredits;
    for(int i = 0; i < courses.size(); i++){
        if(courses[i].getGrade() == 'A'){
            gradePoints += (4.0 * courses[i].getCredits());
            totalCredits += courses[i].getCredits();
        }
        else if(courses[i].getGrade() == 'B'){
            gradePoints += (3.0 * courses[i].getCredits());
            totalCredits += courses[i].getCredits();
        }
        else if(courses[i].getGrade() == 'C'){
            gradePoints += (2.0 * courses[i].getCredits());
            totalCredits += courses[i].getCredits();
        }
        else if (courses[i].getGrade() == 'D'){
            gradePoints += (1.0 * courses[i].getCredits());
            totalCredits += courses[i].getCredits();
        }
    }
    return (gradePoints / totalCredits);
}
void Student::printTranscript(){
    cout << "Transcript for: " << name << endl;
    cout << "============================" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < courses.size(); i++){
        cout << "Course: " << courses[i].getID() << endl;
        cout << "Grade: " << courses[i].getGrade() << endl;
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << "Overall GPA: " << getGPA() << endl;
}

Course.h:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Course{
private:
    string courseID; // Course name
    int numCredits; // Instructor
    char letterGrade; // Textbook
public:
    Course(string ID, int credits, char grade){ // Assign the course name.
        courseID = ID;
        numCredits = credits;
        letterGrade = grade;
    }
    string getID(){
        return courseID;
    }
    void setID(string ID){
        courseID = ID;
    }
    int getCredits(){
        return numCredits;
    }
    void setCredits(int credits){
        numCredits = credits;
    }
    char getGrade(){
        return letterGrade;
    }
    void setGrade(char grade){
        letterGrade =  grade;
    }
};

很抱歉代码很长,但我似乎无法弄清楚为什么main中的输出会给我:

Transcript for: Lebron James
============================
Course: Passing
Grade: A

Course: Finals Record
Grade: D

Overall GPA: 2.2321e+230

如果我将主类中的stud.getGPA作为单独的语句cout,它可以正常工作。什么解释了当从同一类的另一个方法调用时输出的大量数字,这是如何解决的?

对于长代码感到抱歉,但我不想错过任何内容,因为我还处于C ++的开始阶段。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

来自dcl.init/7

  

默认初始化T类型的对象意味着:

     
      
  • 如果T是(可能是cv限定的)类类型,则考虑构造函数。列举了适用的构造函数   ([over.match.ctor]),并选择了最好的初始化程序()   通过重载决议。这样选择的构造函数被调用,   使用空参数列表来初始化对象。

  •   
  • 如果T是数组类型,则每个元素都是默认初始化的。

  •   
  • 否则,不会执行初始化。

  •   

您正在直接进行一些操作+=

totalCredits += courses[i].getCredits();

但忘记初始化变量。不要假设最初都将zero设置为totalCredits

因此,将0.0初始化为-Wuninitialized

添加-Wuninitialized

根据@ 1201ProgramAlarm的建议,使用warning: 'totalCredits' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wuninitialized] 标记未初始化的变量。

-Werror

如果您想将警告视为错误,只需添加标记sayName

即可