Question

当我点击编译时，我创建的python程序似乎没有打开。我感到困惑的原因是因为我有一个.mainloop（）附加到类。通过我自己的测试，我推断它与我的代码中的while循环有关。此外，不确定这是否有帮助，但是当我中止程序时，控制台中会出现以下内容：

File "C:\Users\zach\Anaconda3\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 2585, in move
    self.tk.call((self._w, 'move') + args)

   KeyboardInterrupt

这是我完成的代码：

from tkinter import *

class GUI(Frame):
    def __init__(self):
        Frame.__init__(self)
        self.master.title("Lab 8")
        self.grid()
        canvas_width = 800
        canvas_height = 400
        self.canvas = Canvas(self, width = canvas_width, height =
                             canvas_height, bg = "white")
        self.canvas.grid()

        ball_diameter = 20
        top_x = 2
        top_y = 2
        self.canvas.create_oval(top_x, top_y, top_x + ball_diameter,
                                top_y + ball_diameter, fill = "black", tags = "ball")

        horizontal_direction = "east"
        vertical_direction = "south"
        dx = 2
        dy = 2

        while True:
            if horizontal_direction == "east":
                self.canvas.move("ball", dx, 0) # move ball horizontally dx pixels to the right/east
                top_x += dx # dx is 2 because the ball moves 2 pixels horizontally every 15 milliseconds
                if top_x >= canvas_width - ball_diameter: # ball has hit east wall
                    horizontal_direction = "west" # change direction
            else: # i.e., horizontal_direction is "west"
                self.canvas.move("ball", -dx, 0) # move ball horizontally dx pixels to the left/west
                top_x -= dx
                if top_x <= 0: # ball has hit west wall
                    horizontal_direction = "east" # change direction
            if vertical_direction == "south":
                self.canvas.move("ball", 0, dy)
                top_y += dy
                if top_y >= canvas_height - ball_diameter:
                    vertical_direction = "north"
            else:
                self.canvas.move("ball", 0, -dy)
                top_y -= dy
                if top_y <= 0 :
                    vertical_direction = "south"


def main():
    GUI().mainloop()

main()

我想出来是因为我忘了添加更新以及等待球并更新其位置的方法。

Answer 1

您的问题是您在__init__功能中运行无限循环。它永远不会到达你的主循环来运行GUI。您需要让__init__结束并调用您的更新代码，而不是在紧密循环中，而是以设定的时间间隔。

分解代码以将形状移动到单独的函数中，减去无限循环并使用tk小部件的after方法间隔调用该函数。

from tkinter import * 

class GUI(Frame):
    def __init__(self):
        Frame.__init__(self)
        self.master.title("Lab 8")
        self.grid()
        self.canvas_width = 800
        self.canvas_height = 400
        self.canvas = Canvas(self, 
                             width=self.canvas_width, 
                             height=self.canvas_height, 
                             bg="white")
        self.canvas.grid()

        self.ball_diameter = 20
        self.top_x = 2
        self.top_y = 2
        self.canvas.create_oval(self.top_x, 
                                self.top_y, 
                                self.top_x + self.ball_diameter,
                                self.top_y + self.ball_diameter, 
                                fill = "black", tags = "ball")

        self.horizontal_direction = "east"
        self.vertical_direction = "south"
        self.dx = 2
        self.dy = 2

        self.after(10, self.move)


    def move(self):

        if self.horizontal_direction == "east":
            self.canvas.move("ball", self.dx, 0) # move ball horizontally dx pixels to the right/east
            self.top_x += self.dx # dx is 2 because the ball moves 2 pixels horizontally every 15 milliseconds
            if self.top_x >= self.canvas_width - self.ball_diameter: # ball has hit east wall
                self.horizontal_direction = "west" # change direction
        else: # i.e., horizontal_direction is "west"
            self.canvas.move("ball", -self.dx, 0) # move ball horizontally dx pixels to the left/west
            self.top_x -= self.dx 
            if self.top_x <= 0: # ball has hit west wall
                self.horizontal_direction = "east" # change direction

        if self.vertical_direction == "south":
            self.canvas.move("ball", 0, self.dy)
            self.top_y += self.dy
            if self.top_y >= self.canvas_height - self.ball_diameter:
                self.vertical_direction = "north"
        else:
            self.canvas.move("ball", 0, -self.dy)
            self.top_y -= self.dy
            if self.top_y <= 0 :
                self.vertical_direction = "south"

        self.after(10, self.move)


def main():
    GUI().mainloop()

main()

请注意，self变量的数量已经爆炸并变得非常难以管理恕我直言，这可能表明您需要将其中一些值分解为其他类。

但从根本上说这是运行。它不是很漂亮，但你可以继续下一步。

Tkinter GUI在编译时不会打开

1 个答案: