我正在尝试为我带入的django项目运行一套测试。使用python manage.py test --settings=tRecorderApi.settings_test在Power Shell环境中运行测试将返回以下输出：
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
DEBUG 2018-03-26 09:05:56,124 base 276900 275184 Configuring Raven for host: http://sentry:9000
EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
======================================================================
ERROR: file_transfer (unittest.loader._FailedTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: file_transfer
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python36-32\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 462, in _find_test_path
package = self._get_module_from_name(name)
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python36-32\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 369, in _get_module_from_name
__import__(name)
File "C:\Users\dipinton\tE-backend\tRecorderApi\api\file_transfer\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from .FileUtility import *
File "C:\Users\dipinton\tE-backend\tRecorderApi\api\file_transfer\FileUtility.py", line 12, in <module>
from ..models.language import Language
ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package
======================================================================
ERROR: models (unittest.loader._FailedTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: models
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python36-32\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 462, in _find_test_path
package = self._get_module_from_name(name)
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python36-32\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 369, in _get_module_from_name
__import__(name)
File "C:\Users\dipinton\tE-backend\tRecorderApi\api\models\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from .book import Book
File "C:\Users\dipinton\tE-backend\tRecorderApi\api\models\book.py", line 4, in <module>
class Book(models.Model):
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 118, in __new__
"INSTALLED_APPS." % (module, name)
RuntimeError: Model class models.book.Book doesn't declare an explicit app_label and isn't in an application in INSTALLED_APPS.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 16 tests in 0.000s
FAILED (errors=16)
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
其余的测试结果与ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package的第一个看起来相同。
我的文件夹结构如下所示（唯一重要的文件位于第一个tRecorderApi文件夹下）：
C:.
| .gitignore
| api_spec.txt
| postgres-setup
| README.md
| __init__.py
|
+---InstallationScripts
| | README.md
| |
| +---translationExchangeRpi
| | | install.deb
| | | prepare.sh
| | | uninstall.sh
| | |
| | \---install
| | +---DEBIAN
| | | control
| | | postinst
| | |
| | \---tmp
| | \---tex_install
| | +---config
| | | dhcpcd.conf
| | | hosts
| | | tex_autorun.sh
| | |
| | \---TranslationExchange
| | | docker-compose.yml
| | | Dockerfile
| | |
| | +---ap
| | | dnsmasq.conf
| | | Dockerfile
| | | entrypoint.sh
| | | hostapd
| | | hostapd.conf
| | |
| | \---config
| | | config.py
| | | requirements.txt
| | | rootCA.crt
| | | self-signed.conf
| | | server.crt
| | | server.key
| | | ssl-params.conf
| | |
| | \---nginx
| | trapi.conf
| |
| \---translationExchangeVM
| | install
| | prepare
| | software
| | uninstall
| |
| +---autorun
| | tex_autorun.sh
| |
| \---TranslationExchange
| | docker-compose.yml
| | Dockerfile
| |
| \---config
| | config.py
| | requirements.txt
| | rootCA.crt
| | self-signed.conf
| | server.crt
| | server.key
| | ssl-params.conf
| |
| \---nginx
| trapi.conf
|
+---tRecorderApi
| | books.json
| | db.sqlite3
| | langnames.json
| | manage.py
| | requirements.txt
| | swaggerAPI.yaml
| | wmta.py
| | __init__.py
| |
| +---api
| | | admin.py
| | | apps.py
| | | parsers.py
| | | serializers.py
| | | tasks.py
| | | urls.py
| | |
| | +---file_transfer
| | | | ArchiveIt.py
| | | | ArchiveProject.py
| | | | AudioUtility.py
| | | | Download.py
| | | | FileTransfer.py
| | | | FileUtility.py
| | | | tinytag.py
| | | | TrIt.py
| | | | Upload.py
| | | | ZipIt.py
| | | | __init__.py
| | | |
| | | \---__pycache__
| | | ArchiveIt.cpython-36.pyc
| | | ArchiveProject.cpython-36.pyc
| | | AudioUtility.cpython-36.pyc
| | | Download.cpython-36.pyc
| | | FileTransfer.cpython-36.pyc
| | | FileUtility.cpython-36.pyc
| | | tinytag.cpython-36.pyc
| | | TrIt.cpython-36.pyc
| | | Upload.cpython-36.pyc
| | | ZipIt.cpython-36.pyc
| | | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| | |
| | +---migrations
| | | | 0001_initial.py
| | | | __init__.py
| | | |
| | | \---__pycache__
| | | 0001_initial.cpython-36.pyc
| | | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| | |
| | +---models
| | | | anthology.py
| | | | book.py
| | | | chapter.py
| | | | chunk.py
| | | | comment.py
| | | | language.py
| | | | mode.py
| | | | project.py
| | | | take.py
| | | | version.py
| | | | __init__.py
| | | |
| | | \---__pycache__
| | | anthology.cpython-36.pyc
| | | book.cpython-36.pyc
| | | chapter.cpython-36.pyc
| | | chunk.cpython-36.pyc
| | | comment.cpython-36.pyc
| | | language.cpython-36.pyc
| | | mode.cpython-36.pyc
| | | project.cpython-36.pyc
| | | take.cpython-36.pyc
| | | version.cpython-36.pyc
| | | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| | |
| | +---templates
| | | index.html
| | |
| | +---tests
| | | | tests_books.py
| | | | tests_get_projects.py
| | | | tests_upload.py
| | | | test_api_anthologies.py
| | | | test_api_books.py
| | | | test_api_chapters.py
| | | | test_api_chunks.py
| | | | test_api_comments.py
| | | | test_api_languages.py
| | | | test_api_modes.py
| | | | test_api_projects.py
| | | | test_api_takes.py
| | | | test_api_versions.py
| | | | test_api_zip.py
| | | | __init__.py
| | | |
| | | \---__pycache__
| | | tests_books.cpython-36.pyc
| | | tests_get_projects.cpython-36.pyc
| | | tests_upload.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_anthologies.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_books.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_chapters.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_chunks.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_comments.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_languages.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_modes.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_projects.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_takes.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_versions.cpython-36.pyc
| | | test_api_zip.cpython-36.pyc
| | | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| | |
| | +---views
| | | | anthology.py
| | | | book.py
| | | | chapter.py
| | | | chunk.py
| | | | comment.py
| | | | exclude_files.py
| | | | file_upload.py
| | | | frontend.py
| | | | helpers.py
| | | | index.py
| | | | language.py
| | | | mode.py
| | | | project.py
| | | | push_takes.py
| | | | resumable_upload.py
| | | | source_file.py
| | | | source_file_upload.py
| | | | stitch_takes.py
| | | | take.py
| | | | tr.py
| | | | update_project_takes.py
| | | | user.py
| | | | version.py
| | | | zip.py
| | | | __init__.py
| | | |
| | | \---__pycache__
| | | anthology.cpython-36.pyc
| | | book.cpython-36.pyc
| | | chapter.cpython-36.pyc
| | | chunk.cpython-36.pyc
| | | comment.cpython-36.pyc
| | | exclude_files.cpython-36.pyc
| | | file_upload.cpython-36.pyc
| | | frontend.cpython-36.pyc
| | | helpers.cpython-36.pyc
| | | index.cpython-36.pyc
| | | language.cpython-36.pyc
| | | mode.cpython-36.pyc
| | | project.cpython-36.pyc
| | | push_takes.cpython-36.pyc
| | | resumable_upload.cpython-36.pyc
| | | source_file.cpython-36.pyc
| | | source_file_upload.cpython-36.pyc
| | | stitch_takes.cpython-36.pyc
| | | take.cpython-36.pyc
| | | tr.cpython-36.pyc
| | | version.cpython-36.pyc
| | | zip.cpython-36.pyc
| | | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| | |
| | \---__pycache__
| | admin.cpython-36.pyc
| | serializers.cpython-36.pyc
| | tasks.cpython-36.pyc
| | urls.cpython-36.pyc
| | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| |
| +---static
| | | loader.gif
| | | resumable.js
| | |
| | \---chunks
| | +---nt
| | | +---1co
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---1jn
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---1pe
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---1th
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---1ti
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---2co
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---2jn
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---2pe
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---2th
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---2ti
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---3jn
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---act
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---col
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---eph
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---gal
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---heb
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---jas
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---jhn
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---jud
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---luk
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---mat
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---mrk
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---phm
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---php
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---rev
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | +---rom
| | | | chunks.json
| | | |
| | | \---tit
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | \---ot
| | +---1ch
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---1ki
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---1sa
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---2ch
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---2ki
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---2sa
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---amo
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---dan
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---deu
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---ecc
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---est
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---exo
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---ezk
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---ezr
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---gen
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---hab
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---hag
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---hos
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---isa
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---jdg
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---jer
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---job
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---jol
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---jon
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---jos
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---lam
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---lev
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---mal
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---mic
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---nam
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---neh
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---num
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---oba
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---pro
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---psa
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---rut
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---sng
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | +---zec
| | | chunks.json
| | |
| | \---zep
| | chunks.json
| |
| +---tRecorderApi
| | | celery.py
| | | settings.py
| | | settings_test.py
| | | urls.py
| | | wsgi.py
| | | __init__.py
| | |
| | \---__pycache__
| | celery.cpython-36.pyc
| | settings.cpython-36.pyc
| | settings_test.cpython-36.pyc
| | urls.cpython-36.pyc
| | wsgi.cpython-36.pyc
| | __init__.cpython-36.pyc
| |
| \---__pycache__
| __init__.cpython-36.pyc
|
\---__pycache__
__init__.cpython-36.pyc
基于类似的问题，我怀疑这可能与每个文件夹中的__init__.py文件有关。我已经从'api'文件夹中删除了一个，该文件夹应该是项目的根目录（这就是我开始收到值错误的原因）。在此之前，我收到第二个测试中显示的错误，其中抱怨我的模型不在我的设置文件中的已安装应用程序列表中。我使用的设置文件如下所示：
"""
Django settings for tRecorderApi project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.2.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""
import os
import raven
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '&9e^=922_&wi-bw@bbe$id#r$7hb(im03nrow5w@tgg8##hfd('
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['192.168.96.21', '172.19.145.91',
'172.19.145.88', 'localhost', '127.0.0.1', 'te.loc']
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'rest_framework',
'corsheaders',
'api',
'django_celery_results',
'drf_yasg',
'raven.contrib.django.raven_compat',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
"""REST_FRAMEWORK = {
# Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
# or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly'
]
}"""
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True
ROOT_URLCONF = 'tRecorderApi.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'api/templates'), ],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'tRecorderApi.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3')
}
}
# DATABASES = {
# 'default': {
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
# 'NAME': 'postgres',
# 'USER': 'postgres',
# 'HOST': 'db',
# 'PORT': 5432,
# }
# }
RAVEN_CONFIG = {
'dsn': 'http://2e7130f730eb42dfa6bbe67875dfd8ee:15b0167a7b714b7697a63e6678081e3b@sentry:9000/2',
# If you are using git, you can also automatically configure the
# release based on the git info.
'release': raven.fetch_git_sha(os.path.abspath(os.pardir)),
}
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': True,
'root': {
'level': 'WARNING',
'handlers': ['sentry'],
},
'formatters': {
'verbose': {
'format': '%(levelname)s %(asctime)s %(module)s '
'%(process)d %(thread)d %(message)s'
},
},
'handlers': {
'sentry': {
# To capture more than ERROR, change to WARNING, INFO, etc.
'level': 'INFO',
'class': 'raven.contrib.django.raven_compat.handlers.SentryHandler',
'tags': {'custom-tag': 'x'},
},
'console': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
'formatter': 'verbose'
}
},
'loggers': {
'django.db.backends': {
'level': 'ERROR',
'handlers': ['console'],
'propagate': False,
},
'raven': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'handlers': ['console'],
'propagate': False,
},
'sentry.errors': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'handlers': ['console'],
'propagate': False,
},
},
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = 'static'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# MEDIA_ROOT = 'media'
# MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
REACT_APP_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'frontend')
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(REACT_APP_DIR, 'build', 'static'),
]
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')
SECURE_SSL_REDIRECT = False
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = False
CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = False
# celery
CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'amqp://te:te@rabbit:5672'
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'redis://redis:6379/0'
CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT = ['pickle']
CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER = 'pickle'
CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER = 'pickle'
CELERY_IGNORE_RESULT = False
CELERY_TASK_TRACK_STARTED = True
我的问题是，我是否需要删除所有__init__.py个文件？我需要更改设置中的某些内容才能使测试正常运行吗？或者我的问题与我的想法完全不同？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
看起来我能解决自己的问题。在这种情况下，我进行了git重置，将我的 init .py文件恢复到我的api目录中。从那里，我将DJANG_SETTINGS_MODULE环境变量设置为指向我的自定义设置文件。我使用Windows 10机器，因此命令如下所示：
set DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=tRecorderApi.settings_test
运行上面的两个步骤让我的测试在没有值错误的情况下运行。