如何避免EF Core 2.1中的n + 1个查询?

时间:2018-03-18 08:42:37

标签: c# sql-server entity-framework-core asp.net-core-2.0

我使用的是EF Core 2.1预览本应该减少N + 1查询的问题。 我试图进行查询,选择论坛帖子与帖子的作者:

dbContext.ForumThreads
   .Include(t => t.Posts)
   .Take(n)
   .Select(t => new
   {
      t.Id,
      t.Title,
      PostAuhtors = t.Posts.Select(p => p.Author).Take(5)
   }).ToArray();

这会产生n + 1个查询:对于每个ForumThread,它会选择帖子作者

架构很简单:

public class ForumThread 
{
   public Guid Id {get;set;}
   public string Title {get;set;}
   public ICollection<ForumPost> Posts {get;set;}
}

public class ForumPost 
{
  public Guid Id {get;set;}
  public string Author {get;set;}
  public string Content {get;set;}
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

我认为你可以用更少的查询(只有2个)实现这一点,在内存中做出一些行为。这段代码是否符合您的要求?

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (var db = new SampleContext())
            {
                Console.ReadLine();
                var result = db.Threads
                    .Include(t => t.Posts)
                    .Take(10)
                    .Select(t => new
                    {
                        t.Id,
                        t.Title,
                        t.Posts
                        // Do this in memory  
                        //PostAuhtors = t.Posts.Select(p => p.Author).Take(5)
                    }).ToArray();

                Console.WriteLine($"» {result.Count()} Threads.");
                foreach (var thread in result)
                {
                    // HERE !!
                    var PostAuhtors = thread.Posts.Select(p => p.Author).Take(5);
                    Console.WriteLine($"» {thread.Title}:  {string.Join("; ", PostAuhtors)} authors");
                }
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }

    public class SampleContext : DbContext
    {
        public static readonly LoggerFactory MyLoggerFactory = new LoggerFactory(new[] {
                new ConsoleLoggerProvider((category, level)
                    => category == DbLoggerCategory.Database.Command.Name
                       && level == LogLevel.Debug, true)
            });

        public DbSet<ForumThread> Threads { get; set; }
        public DbSet<ForumPost> Posts { get; set; }

        protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
        {
            optionsBuilder  
                .EnableSensitiveDataLogging()
                .UseLoggerFactory(MyLoggerFactory)
                .UseSqlServer(@"Server=(localdb)\mssqllocaldb;Database=EFStart;Trusted_Connection=True;");
        }
    }

    public class ForumThread
    {
        public Guid Id { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public ICollection<ForumPost> Posts { get; set; }
    }

    public class ForumPost
    {
        public Guid Id { get; set; }
        public string Author { get; set; }
        public string Content { get; set; }
    }

这是输出: enter image description here

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您的方法各有利弊。让我解释一下,

您的方法

缺点=>查询n + 1次。

专业人士=>您只要求5个帖子的作者。 (n次)。

SELECT TOP(@__p_0) [t].[Id], [t].[Title] FROM [ForumThreads] AS [t] => 1 time

SELECT TOP(5) [p].[Author] FROM [ForumPosts] AS [p] => n time (n => number of ForumThread)

您可以根据数据库中数据的大小选择其他方法。

        var source = dbContext.ForumThreads.Include(t => t.Posts).Take(5).ToList();
        var result = source.Select(t => new { t.Id, t.Title, PostAuhtors = t.Posts.Select(p => p.Author).Take(5).ToList() }).ToArray();

优点=>查询1次。

缺点=>您可以从数据库中获取帖子的所有作者,然后对其进行过滤。 (根据您的数据大小,这可能会花费太多。)

    SELECT [t.Posts].[Id], [t.Posts].[Author], [t.Posts].[Content], [t.Posts].[ForumThreadId] FROM [ForumPosts] AS [t.Posts]
INNER JOIN (SELECT TOP(@__p_0) [t0].[Id]
    FROM [ForumThreads] AS [t0] ORDER BY [t0].[Id]
) AS [t1] ON [t.Posts].[ForumThreadId] = [t1].[Id] ORDER BY [t1].[Id]