Question

以下是我在Ubuntu 16.04上运行的代码片段。

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
    path_to_chromedriver = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver' # change path as needed
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    options.add_argument("start-maximized")
    options.add_argument('--disable-extensions')
    options.add_argument('--headless')
    options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
    options.add_argument('--no-sandbox') 
    options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    service_log_path = "{}/chromedriver.log".format('/tmp/local/')
    service_args = ['--verbose']
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = path_to_chromedriver,chrome_options=options,
            service_args=service_args,
            service_log_path=service_log_path)

无论我放置什么标志，我总是在chromedriver.log文件中得到以下错误。

[1.001][INFO]: COMMAND InitSession {
   "capabilities": {
      "alwaysMatch": {
         "browserName": "chrome",
         "goog:chromeOptions": {
            "args": [ "--headless", "--no-sandbox" ],
            "extensions": [  ]
         },
         "platformName": "any"
      },
      "firstMatch": [ {

      } ]
   },
   "desiredCapabilities": {
      "browserName": "chrome",
      "goog:chromeOptions": {
         "args": [ "--headless", "--no-sandbox" ],
         "extensions": [  ]
      },
      "platform": "ANY",
      "version": ""
   }
}
[1.001][INFO]: Populating Preferences file: {
   "alternate_error_pages": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "autofill": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "browser": {
      "check_default_browser": false
   },
   "distribution": {
      "import_bookmarks": false,
      "import_history": false,
      "import_search_engine": false,
      "make_chrome_default_for_user": false,
      "show_welcome_page": false,
      "skip_first_run_ui": true
   },
   "dns_prefetching": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "profile": {
      "content_settings": {
         "pattern_pairs": {
            "https://*,*": {
               "media-stream": {
                  "audio": "Default",
                  "video": "Default"
               }
            }
         }
      },
      "default_content_settings": {
         "geolocation": 1,
         "mouselock": 1,
         "notifications": 1,
         "popups": 1,
         "ppapi-broker": 1
      },
      "password_manager_enabled": false
   },
   "safebrowsing": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "search": {
      "suggest_enabled": false
   },
   "translate": {
      "enabled": false
   }
}
[1.001][INFO]: Populating Local State file: {
   "background_mode": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "ssl": {
      "rev_checking": {
         "enabled": false
      }
   }
}
[1.001][INFO]: Launching chrome: /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --disable-background-networking --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-component-update --disable-default-apps --disable-hang-monitor --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --enable-logging --full-memory-crash-report --ignore-certificate-errors --load-extension=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.np7aOC/internal --logging-level=1 --metrics-recording-only --no-first-run --password-store=basic --remote-debugging-port=12652 --safebrowsing-disable-auto-update --safebrowsing-disable-download-protection --use-mock-keychain --user-data-dir=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.iUR4hY data:,
[1.001][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12652/json/version
[1.002][WARNING]: PAC support disabled because there is no system implementation
[927:927:0316/063553.173763:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(90)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.

[1.037][DEBUG]: DevTools request failed
[1.087][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12710/json/version
[1.087][DEBUG]: DevTools request failed
[1.138][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12710/json/version
................................................................
................................................................
[61.031][INFO]: RESPONSE InitSession unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
[61.031][DEBUG]: Log type 'driver' lost 0 entries on destruction
[61.031][DEBUG]: Log type 'browser' lost 0 entries on destruction

我也尝试从非root用户运行它，但是，我仍然得到同样的错误。

我只能通过SSH连接到这台机器。我试过，如果在屏幕上运行命令可以帮助但没有用，也没有使用crontab。

任何指导都会非常有用。

更新1：

以下是重启后的chromedriver日志：

[1.003][INFO]: COMMAND InitSession {
   "capabilities": {
      "alwaysMatch": {
         "browserName": "chrome",
         "goog:chromeOptions": {
            "args": [ "start-maximized", "--disable-extensions", "--headless", "--disable-gpu", "--no-sandbox" ],
            "extensions": [  ]
         },
         "platformName": "any"
      },
      "firstMatch": [ {

      } ]
   },
   "desiredCapabilities": {
      "browserName": "chrome",
      "goog:chromeOptions": {
         "args": [ "start-maximized", "--disable-extensions", "--headless", "--disable-gpu", "--no-sandbox" ],
         "extensions": [  ]
      },
      "platform": "ANY",
      "version": ""
   }
}
[1.003][INFO]: Populating Preferences file: {
   "alternate_error_pages": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "autofill": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "browser": {
      "check_default_browser": false
   },
   "distribution": {
      "import_bookmarks": false,
      "import_history": false,
      "import_search_engine": false,
      "make_chrome_default_for_user": false,
      "show_welcome_page": false,
      "skip_first_run_ui": true
   },
   "dns_prefetching": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "profile": {
      "content_settings": {
         "pattern_pairs": {
            "https://*,*": {
               "media-stream": {
                  "audio": "Default",
                  "video": "Default"
               }
            }
         }
      },
      "default_content_settings": {
         "geolocation": 1,
         "mouselock": 1,
         "notifications": 1,
         "popups": 1,
         "ppapi-broker": 1
      },
      "password_manager_enabled": false
   },
   "safebrowsing": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "search": {
      "suggest_enabled": false
   },
   "translate": {
      "enabled": false
   }
}
[1.003][INFO]: Populating Local State file: {
   "background_mode": {
      "enabled": false
   },
   "ssl": {
      "rev_checking": {
         "enabled": false
      }
   }
}
[1.004][INFO]: Launching chrome: /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --disable-background-networking --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-component-update --disable-default-apps --disable-hang-monitor --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --enable-logging --full-memory-crash-report --ignore-certificate-errors --load-extension=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.wpOJGk/internal --logging-level=1 --metrics-recording-only --no-first-run --password-store=basic --remote-debugging-port=12725 --safebrowsing-disable-auto-update --safebrowsing-disable-download-protection --use-mock-keychain --user-data-dir=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.XeSkzL data:,
[1.004][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12725/json/version
[1.008][WARNING]: PAC support disabled because there is no system implementation
[1752:1752:0321/084842.042837:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(90)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.
[1.051][DEBUG]: DevTools request failed
[1.102][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12725/json/version
[1.102][DEBUG]: DevTools request failed
[1.152][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12725/json/version
[1.152][DEBUG]: DevTools request failed
[1.203][DEBUG]: DevTools request: http://127.0.0.1:12725/json/version

Answer 1

错误说明了一切：

[455:455:0316/061123.770013:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(90)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.
[61.031][INFO]: RESPONSE InitSession unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally

错误堆栈跟踪清楚地提到您在没有 - no-sandbox 参数的情况下以 root 用户身份执行该程序。

解决方案

请按照以下步骤操作：

以非root 用户身份登录。
在更易于访问的位置复制 chromedriver 二进制文件（例如'/ usr / local / bin /'）并提供必要的权限（ chmod 777 ）

使用以下代码块：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

path_to_chromedriver = '/path/to/chromedriver'
options = Options()
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox") 
service_args = ['--verbose']
service_log_path = '/tmp/local/chromedriver.log'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/path/to/chromedriver', chrome_options=options, service_args=service_args, service_log_path=service_log_path)
driver.get('http://google.com/')

琐事

Sandbox

的故事

更新A

因为您仍然看到错误：

[927:927:0316/063553.173763:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(90)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.

请尝试以下步骤：

通过 IDE 清理您的项目工作区，仅使用所需的依赖项重建项目

。
使用CCleaner工具清除执行 Test Suite 之前和之后的所有操作系统杂务。

如果您的基本 Web客户端版本太旧，请通过Revo Uninstaller将其卸载并安装最新的GA和已发布的 Web客户端版本。

执行@Test。

更新B

根据强制性Requirements和#1341确保以下内容：

Chromedriver 在/usr/local/bin/
之内
Chrome浏览器位于/usr/bin/google-chrome
之内

关于[1.008][WARNING]: PAC support disabled，根据讨论PAC support disabled because there is no system implementation
，您可以安全地忽略日志，因为它在 Chromium Browser Engine 中进行了硬编码
更新C

根据讨论How to make firefox headless programatically in Selenium with python?中的更新部分，您可以尝试使用 set_headless（headless = True）方法作为替代方法，如下所示：

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options options = Options() options.set_headless(headless=True) driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options, executable_path=r'C:\path\to\chromedriver.exe') driver.get("http://google.com/") print ("Headless Chrome Initialized") driver.quit()

另外，请查看讨论Running Chromedriver on Ubuntu Server headlessly

Python selenium - 在Ubuntu中不起作用

1 个答案:

解决方案

琐事

更新A

更新B

更新C