确定由多个异步回调共享的变量

时间:2011-02-08 00:19:41

标签: javascript jquery jquery-ui asynchronous

我正在使用async.js library by Caolan McMahonjQueryUI progress bar向用户提供反馈,而多个异步调用会收集数据并填充复杂图形的元素。

我的问题是:异步方法需要共享数据范围的最佳方法是什么?

这是我正在做的简化示例。我已经使用全局变量工作,但他们打扰了我一点,让jsLint抱怨。在文档就绪功能中传递参数或作用域会破坏它。

updateA()等的同行。人。在我的真实代码中有数百行并包含XHR调用。

的JavaScript:

// global variables.  Bad?
var steps = 3;
var ticked = 0;
var otherCounter = 0;

$(function() {
    $('#progressbar').progressbar({
        value: 0
    });

    async.parallel([
        function(onDoneCallback) {
        updateA(onDoneCallback);},
        function(onDoneCallback) {
        updateB(onDoneCallback);},
        function(onDoneCallback) {
        updateC(onDoneCallback);}
    ], function(err, results) { // final callback when they're all done
        tickProgress('All done after ' + ticked + ' ticks.', true);
    });
});

function tickProgress(message) {
    var curvalue = $('#progressbar').progressbar('option', 'value');
    var done = false;

    if (arguments.length > 1) {
        done = arguments[1];
    }

    $('#progress_text').html(message);

    if (done) {
        $('#progressbar').progressbar('option', 'value', 100);
    }
    else {
        $('#progressbar').progressbar('option', 'value', curvalue + 100 / steps);
    }

    ticked++; // global OK here?
}

function updateA(onDoneCallback) {
    setTimeout(function() {
        $('#a').html('A is foo. otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
        tickProgress('updated A at otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
        otherCounter++;
        onDoneCallback(null, 'A done');
    }, 1000);

}

function updateB(onDoneCallback) {
    setTimeout(function() {
        $('#b').html('B is bottle. otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
        tickProgress('updated B at otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
        otherCounter++;
        onDoneCallback(null, 'B is OK');
    }, 100);
}

function updateC(onDoneCallback) {
    setTimeout(function() {
        $('#c').html('C is cauliflower. otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
        tickProgress('updated C at otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
        otherCounter++;
        onDoneCallback(null, 'C done');
    }, 2000);
}

HTML:

<p id="progress_text" style="background:yellow">Loading...</p>
<div id="progressbar"></div>
<hr />
<h2>a</h2>
<p id="a">Looking up a...</p>

<h2>b</h2>
<p id="b">Looking up b...</p>

<h2>c</h2>
<p id="c">Looking up c...</p>

小提琴:

如果你想在那里敲打它,我已经the sample code at JSFiddle了。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

总的来说,创建自己的关闭 Function-Context'ed“区域”总是一个好主意。您可以通过在应用程序周围包装一个自调用匿名函数来实现。这可能看起来像

(function(window, document, $) {
     // all your app logic goes into here
     var steps = 3;
     var ticked = 0;
     var otherCounter = 0;

     // ...
}(this, this.document, jQuery))

这样,你永远不会破坏全局命名空间。当然,你有时需要有一个全局对象,但除非绝对必要,否则你应该尽量避免这种情况。

答案 1 :(得分:3)

您可以将全局变量放入“状态”对象并将其传递给所有回调函数。 e.g。

$(function() {
    var progressState = {
        steps: 3,
        ticked: 0,
        otherCounter: 0
    };

    $('#progressbar').progressbar({value: 0});

    async.parallel(
      [
        function(onDoneCallback) {updateA(onDoneCallback, progressState);},
        function(onDoneCallback) {updateB(onDoneCallback, progressState);},
        function(onDoneCallback) {updateC(onDoneCallback, progressState);}
      ],
      function(err, results) { // final callback when they're all done
        tickProgress('All done after ' + progressState.ticked + ' ticks.', true, progressState);
      }
    );
});

然后,您将更改updateA,updateB,updateC和tickProgress以使用提供的状态对象,而不是全局变量。

答案 2 :(得分:2)

david让我在JS聊天室中找到了这种方法the other daySee it work at jsfiddle.

它使用全局对象,但我更喜欢对象内方法的逻辑封装,而不是jAndykirilloid的建议。

var Updater = (function() {
    var steps = 3;
    var ticked = 0;
    var otherCounter = 0;

    function a(onDoneCallback) {
        setTimeout(function() {
            $('#a').html('A is foo. otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
            tickProgress('updated A at otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
            otherCounter++;
            onDoneCallback(null, 'A done');
        }, 1000);

    }

    function b(onDoneCallback) {
        setTimeout(function() {
            $('#b').html('B is bottle. otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
            tickProgress('updated B at otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
            otherCounter++;
            onDoneCallback(null, 'B is OK');
        }, 100);
    }

    function c(onDoneCallback) {
        setTimeout(function() {
            $('#c').html('C is cauliflower. otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
            tickProgress('updated C at otherCounter ' + otherCounter);
            otherCounter++;
            onDoneCallback(null, 'C done');
        }, 2000);
    }

    function tickProgress(message) {
        var curvalue = $('#progressbar').progressbar('option', 'value');
        var done = false;

        if (arguments.length > 1) {
            done = arguments[1];
        }

        $('#progress_text').html(message);

        if (done) {
            $('#progressbar').progressbar('option', 'value', 100);
        }
        else {
            $('#progressbar').progressbar('option', 'value', curvalue + 100 / Updater.getSteps());
        }
        Updater.tick(); // global OK here?
    }

    return {
        a: a,
        b: b,
        c: c,
        tickProgress: tickProgress,
        tick: function() {
            ticked++;
        },
        getTicks: function() {
            return ticked;
        },
        getSteps: function() {
            return steps;
        }
    };
}());

$(function() {
    $('#progressbar').progressbar({
        value: 0
    });

    async.parallel([
        function(onDoneCallback) {
        Updater.a(onDoneCallback);},
        function(onDoneCallback) {
        Updater.b(onDoneCallback);},
        function(onDoneCallback) {
        Updater.c(onDoneCallback);}
    ], function(err, results) { // final callback when they're all done
        Updater.tickProgress('All done after ' + Updater.getTicks() + ' ticks.', true);
    });
});