Question

我有一个C项目程序，我想用makefile编译和管理：

./ include：标题所在的位置

a.h，b.h，c.h

./ obj：将存储对象

-

源文件所在的

./ src：

main.c，a.c，b.c，c.c

如何创建 makefile 来创建可执行文件 测试，并将目标文件放到obj文件夹中？

Answer 1

您可以使用我为简单项目制作的模板。我不知道您使用的是哪种编译器，但您可以使用第一部分中的变量以及其他有用的配置对其进行配置：

#=============================================================================
# Project related variables
EXENAME           = test
FILEIDENTIFIER    = .c
COMPFLAGS         = -pedantic -Wall
COMPSTANDARD      = -std=c11
EXELINKS          = -lm
DBARGS            = -g

BUILDDIR          = build/
BINARY_OUTPUT_DIR = $(BUILDDIR)bin/
OBJDIR            = obj/
SOURCEDIRS        = src/
INCLUDEDIRS       = include/
LIBSDIRS          = /usr/lib/


#=============================================================================
# Commands variables
COMPILER          = gcc
LINKER            = ld -r

DISPLAY           = printf
MKDIR             = mkdir -p
RMDIR             = rmdir
RM                = rm -f


#=============================================================================
# Other
VOIDECHO          = > /dev/null 2>&1


#=============================================================================
# Semi-automatic variables
EXEFINALOBJ       = $(OBJDIR)$(EXENAME).o
EXEFINAL          = $(BINARY_OUTPUT_DIR)$(EXENAME)
INCLUDEARGS       = $(addprefix -I,$(INCLUDEDIRS))


#=============================================================================
# Automatic variables
SOURCES           = $(foreach sourcedir,$(SOURCEDIRS),$(wildcard $(sourcedir)**/*$(FILEIDENTIFIER)) $(wildcard $(sourcedir)*$(FILEIDENTIFIER)))
OBJECTS           = $(patsubst %$(FILEIDENTIFIER),%.o,$(foreach sourcedir,$(SOURCEDIRS),$(subst $(sourcedir),$(OBJDIR),$(wildcard $(sourcedir)**/*$(    FILEIDENTIFIER)) $(wildcard $(sourcedir)*$(FILEIDENTIFIER)))))
GENERATED_FILES   = $(OBJECTS) $(EXEFINALOBJ) $(EXEFINAL)
GENERATED_FOLDERS = $(OBJDIR) $(BINARY_OUTPUT_DIR) $(BUILDDIR)


#=============================================================================
# Special GNU make variables
VPATH             = $(SOURCEDIRS)


#=============================================================================
# Rules: Phony Targets
.PHONY: silent
silent:
    @make --silent $(EXEFINAL)

.PHONY: all
all: $(EXEFINAL)

.PHONY: debug
debug: COMPFLAGS += $(DBARGS)
debug: all

.PHONY: clean
clean:
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n-> Cleaning files...\n"
    @$(DISPLAY) " $(foreach file,$(GENERATED_FILES),$(if $(wildcard $(file)),- Removing file $(file)\n,\b))"
    @$(RM) $(GENERATED_FILES)
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n-> Cleaning folders...\n"
    @$(DISPLAY) " $(foreach folder,$(GENERATED_FOLDERS),$(if $(wildcard $(folder)),- Removing folder $(folder)\n,\b))"
    @$(RMDIR) $(GENERATED_FOLDERS) $(VOIDECHO) || true
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n"


#=============================================================================
# Rules: File Targets
$(EXEFINAL): $(EXEFINALOBJ)
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n - Building $@ from $^...   "
    @$(MKDIR) $(BINARY_OUTPUT_DIR)
    $(COMPILER) $(EXEFINALOBJ) -o $@ $(LIBARGS) $(EXELINKS)
    @$(DISPLAY) "Done"
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n\n"

$(EXEFINALOBJ): $(OBJECTS)
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n - Merging objects files into $@...   "
    $(LINKER) $(OBJECTS) -o $@
    @$(DISPLAY) "Done"

$(OBJDIR)%.o: %$(FILEIDENTIFIER)
    @$(DISPLAY) "\n - Building $@ from $^...   "
    @$(MKDIR) $(OBJDIR)
    $(COMPILER) $(COMPFLAGS) $(COMPSTANDARD) $(INCLUDEARGS) -c $^ -o $@
    @$(DISPLAY) "Done"

实际配置适用于Linux并使用gcc和ld。它支持源的子文件夹，并定义了4个目标：

silent（默认）：silent build
all：verbose build
debug：debug build
clean：删除makefile生成的文件和文件夹

如果您想要了解Makefile的确切工作原理，就像MadScientist所写，请查看https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Introduction.html上的GNU制作手册

Makefile基于子目录

1 个答案: