Question

我遇到了模块urllib（Python 3.6）的问题。每次我使用该模块时，都会出现页面错误。

urllib有什么问题以及如何修复它？

import urllib.request
url='https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/artificial-intelligence'
u1 = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
print(u1)

那段代码喜欢吐出这么多东西：

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1239, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1285, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1234, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1026, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 964, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1400, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 407, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 814, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1068, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 689, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/a-nguyen/Downloads/EzSorses/APAsauce.py", line 3, in <module>
    u1 = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 223, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 526, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 544, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 504, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1361, in https_open
    context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1320, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)>

看起来像模块本身的东西一样。

Answer 1

像这样的肮脏但快速的黑客为我做这件事：

import ssl

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

Answer 2

有一个可以在MacOsX上运行的命令行程序，它将安装证书：

sudo /Applications/Python\ 3.6/Install\ Certificates.command

sudo命令将提示您输入密码以提升特权。

Answer 3

我有同样的问题。我的python版本是3.6.5，我在Mac OSX上。当我尝试连接到HTTPS网站时，我开始使用

<urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:833)>

异常。所以，对我来说很明显，我机器上的python没有证书。我刚刚使用文件名Install /Applications/Python 3.6从路径Certificates.command运行该文件。这解决了我的问题。我参考了这个post。

Answer 4

要解决此问题，请打开 bash 并输入：

ListableBeanFactory

然后：

cd /Applications/Python 3.6

SSL：带有urllib的CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED

4 个答案: