我有一个REST资源,可以注入RestTemplateBuilder
来构建RestTemplate
:
public MyClass(final RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder) {
this.restTemplate = restTemplateBuilder.build();
}
我想测试那个课程。我需要模拟RestTemplate
对其他服务的调用:
request = restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, String.class);
我在我的IT中试过这个:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class MyIT {
@Autowired
private TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate;
@MockBean
private RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder;
@Mock
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Test
public void shouldntFail() throws IOException {
ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
when(restTemplateBuilder.build()).thenReturn(restTemplate);
when(restTemplate.getForEntity(any(URI.class), any(Class.class))).thenReturn(responseEntity);
...
ResponseEntity<String> response = testRestTemplate.postForEntity("/endpoint", request, String.class);
...
}
}
当我运行测试时,我得到以下异常:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
...
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: RestTemplate must not be null
我该如何正确地做到这一点?
答案 0 :(得分:8)
您的问题是执行的顺序。在您有机会在MockBean
中设置之前,会创建包含@Test
的上下文。解决方案是在将RestTemplateBuilder
插入上下文时提供已完全设置的@SpringBootTest
。你可以这样做。
将以下内容添加到TestApplication
注释中。其中classes = {TestApplication.class, MyIT.ContextConfiguration.class},
是您的Spring Boot应用程序类。
@Autowired
private TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate;
修改你的类成员,删除你的restTemplate和restTemplateBuilder。
MyIT
将静态内部类添加到@Configuration
static class ContextConfiguration {
@Bean
public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
RestTemplateBuilder rtb = mock(RestTemplateBuilder.class);
RestTemplate restTemplate = mock(RestTemplate.class);
when(rtb.build()).thenReturn(restTemplate);
return rtb;
}
}
类:
RestTemplate
在测试中,修改@Test
public void someTest() {
when(testRestTemplate.getRestTemplate().getForEntity(...
}
模拟以执行任何操作:
[{array:[1,2,3,4]},{array2:[1,2,3,4]}]
答案 1 :(得分:-2)
只需使用反射将构建器创建的 restTemplate 替换为模拟的 restTemplate。
例如:
@Mock
private RestTemplate mockRestTemplate;
@Test
public void shouldntFail() throws IOException {
this.initRestTemplate()
ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
when(mockRestTemplate.getForEntity(any(URI.class), any(Class.class))).thenReturn(responseEntity);
}
private void initRestTemplate() {
Field field = ReflectionUtils.findField(MyClass.class, "restTemplate");
if (ObjectUtils.isNotEmpty(field)) {
field.setAccessible(Boolean.TRUE);
ReflectionUtils.setField(field, *yourObjectWithRestRemplate*, mockRestTemplate);
}
}
P.S. I used ReflectionUtils provided by Spring, you can use any you prefer.