我一直关注如何使用tutorial和SDL制作一个没有音频的简单视频播放器的ffmpeg。在查看教程时,我意识到它已经过时了,它使用的许多函数,对于ffmpeg和SDL,都被弃用了。所以我搜索了一个最新的解决方案,发现了一个stackoverflow问题answer,完成了教程缺失的内容。
然而,它使用质量低的YUV420。我想实现YUV444并且在研究色度子采样之后,查看YUV的不同格式,我对如何实现它感到困惑。据我所知YUV420是YUV444质量的四分之一。 YUV444意味着每个像素都有自己的色度样本,因此更加详细,而YUV420意味着像素被组合在一起并具有相同的色度样本,因此不太详细。
根据我的理解,YUV(420,422,444)的不同格式在命令y,u和v的方式上有所不同。所有这些都有点压倒性因为我对编解码器没有做太多,转换等。任何帮助将非常感激,如果需要其他信息,请在downvoting之前告诉我。
以下是我提到的有关转换为YUV420的answer的代码:
texture = SDL_CreateTexture(
renderer,
SDL_PIXELFORMAT_YV12,
SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING,
pCodecCtx->width,
pCodecCtx->height
);
if (!texture) {
fprintf(stderr, "SDL: could not create texture - exiting\n");
exit(1);
}
// initialize SWS context for software scaling
sws_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
SWS_BILINEAR,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL);
// set up YV12 pixel array (12 bits per pixel)
yPlaneSz = pCodecCtx->width * pCodecCtx->height;
uvPlaneSz = pCodecCtx->width * pCodecCtx->height / 4;
yPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(yPlaneSz);
uPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(uvPlaneSz);
vPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(uvPlaneSz);
if (!yPlane || !uPlane || !vPlane) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate pixel buffers - exiting\n");
exit(1);
}
uvPitch = pCodecCtx->width / 2;
while (av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet) >= 0) {
// Is this a packet from the video stream?
if (packet.stream_index == videoStream) {
// Decode video frame
avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet);
// Did we get a video frame?
if (frameFinished) {
AVPicture pict;
pict.data[0] = yPlane;
pict.data[1] = uPlane;
pict.data[2] = vPlane;
pict.linesize[0] = pCodecCtx->width;
pict.linesize[1] = uvPitch;
pict.linesize[2] = uvPitch;
// Convert the image into YUV format that SDL uses
sws_scale(sws_ctx, (uint8_t const * const *)pFrame->data,
pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, pict.data,
pict.linesize);
SDL_UpdateYUVTexture(
texture,
NULL,
yPlane,
pCodecCtx->width,
uPlane,
uvPitch,
vPlane,
uvPitch
);
SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, texture, NULL, NULL);
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
}
}
// Free the packet that was allocated by av_read_frame
av_free_packet(&packet);
SDL_PollEvent(&event);
switch (event.type) {
case SDL_QUIT:
SDL_DestroyTexture(texture);
SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
SDL_DestroyWindow(screen);
SDL_Quit();
exit(0);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
// Free the YUV frame
av_frame_free(&pFrame);
free(yPlane);
free(uPlane);
free(vPlane);
// Close the codec
avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
avcodec_close(pCodecCtxOrig);
// Close the video file
avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
经过更多研究后,我了解到在YUV420中首先存储了所有Y,然后是U和V字节的组合,如下图所示:
但是我也了解到YUV444按照U,Y,V的顺序存储,并且重复如下图所示:
我尝试在代码中更改一些内容:
// I changed SDL_PIXELFORMAT_YV12 to SDL_PIXELFORMAT_UYVY
// as to reflect the order of YUV444
texture = SDL_CreateTexture(
renderer,
SDL_PIXELFORMAT_UYVY,
SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING,
pCodecCtx->width,
pCodecCtx->height
);
if (!texture) {
fprintf(stderr, "SDL: could not create texture - exiting\n");
exit(1);
}
// Changed AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P to AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P
// for rather obvious reasons
sws_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P,
SWS_BILINEAR,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL);
// There are as many Y, U and V bytes as pixels I just
// made yPlaneSz and uvPlaneSz equal to the number of pixels
yPlaneSz = pCodecCtx->width * pCodecCtx->height;
uvPlaneSz = pCodecCtx->width * pCodecCtx->height;
yPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(yPlaneSz);
uPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(uvPlaneSz);
vPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(uvPlaneSz);
if (!yPlane || !uPlane || !vPlane) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate pixel buffers - exiting\n");
exit(1);
}
uvPitch = pCodecCtx->width * 2;
while (av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet) >= 0) {
// Is this a packet from the video stream?
if (packet.stream_index == videoStream) {
// Decode video frame
avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet);
// Rearranged the order of the planes to reflect UYV order
// then set linesize to the number of Y, U and V bytes
// per row
if (frameFinished) {
AVPicture pict;
pict.data[0] = uPlane;
pict.data[1] = yPlane;
pict.data[2] = vPlane;
pict.linesize[0] = pCodecCtx->width;
pict.linesize[1] = pCodecCtx->width;
pict.linesize[2] = pCodecCtx->width;
// Convert the image into YUV format that SDL uses
sws_scale(sws_ctx, (uint8_t const * const *)pFrame->data,
pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, pict.data,
pict.linesize);
SDL_UpdateYUVTexture(
texture,
NULL,
yPlane,
1,
uPlane,
uvPitch,
vPlane,
uvPitch
);
//.................................................
但现在我在调用SDL_UpdateYUVTexture
时遇到了访问冲突...我真的不确定是什么问题。我认为这可能与设置AVPicture pic
的成员data
和linesize
不当有关,但我并不积极。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
经过几个小时的搜索网络寻找可能的答案后,我偶然发现了post,其中有人询问有关YUV444支持打包或平面模式的信息。我发现的唯一当前格式是打包的AYUV。
他们得到的答案是所有目前支持的格式列表,其中不包括AYUV。因此SDL不支持YUV444。
唯一的解决方案是使用支持AYUV / YUV444的不同库。