Question

我正在尝试使用JUnit 5测试我的Spring 5 Web控制器。测试控制器的两种方法（在spring文档中提到）总是给我空指针。

这是我的测试类

import com.lacunasaurus.gamesexplorer.test.configuration.TestBackEndConfiguration;
import com.lacunasaurus.gamesexplorer.test.configuration.TestWebConfig;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.junit.platform.runner.JUnitPlatform;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;

@RunWith(JUnitPlatform.class)
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebAppConfiguration()
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestWebConfig.class, TestBackEndConfiguration.class})
public class TestAuthenticationCreateAccountController {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        // this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new AuthenticationCreateAccountController()).build();

        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void getAccount() throws Exception {
        // Here i've got an null pointer
        mockMvc.perform(get("/"));
    }

}

这是我的测试网页配置

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.lacunasaurus.gamesexplorer.web"})
public class TestWebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer, ApplicationContextAware {

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

}

现在我的控制器

  @Controller
  @RequestMapping("/create-account")
  public class AuthenticationCreateAccountController {

   @Autowired
   UserAccountValidator accountValidator;

   @Autowired
   AuthenticationService authenticationService;

   @GetMapping
   public String navigate() {
       return "authentication/create-account";
   }

   @ModelAttribute("userAccount")
   public UserAccount setDefaultAccount() {

       return new UserAccount();
   }

   @InitBinder
   protected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {

       binder.addValidators(accountValidator);
   }

   @PostMapping
   public String createAccount(@Validated UserAccount userAccount, BindingResult bindingResult) {

       if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
           return "authentication/create-account";
       }

       authenticationService.createUserAccount(userAccount);

       return "authentication/create-account";
   }
  }

编辑：IDE提供的堆栈跟踪

  java.lang.NullPointerException at com.lacunasaurus.gamesexplorer.test.controller.TestAuthenticationCreateAccountController.getAccount(TestAuthenticationCreateAccountController.java:41)

Results :

Tests in error: 
    TestAuthenticationCreateAccountController.getAccount:41 NullPointer

我已经用junit 5和spring测试了我的后端，一切运行良好。

感谢那些帮助我了解如何测试控制器的人员。）

Answer 1

控制器的新测试：

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebAppConfiguration()
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestWebConfig.class, TestBackEndConfiguration.class})
@TestInstance(Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
public class TestAuthenticationCreateAccountController {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @BeforeEach
    void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

    @Test
    void getAccount() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/toto")).andExpect(status().isOk());
    }

}

Answer 2

如果您使用的是Junit5，请参见此reference

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)  // For Junit5
public class TestAuthenticationCreateAccountController {

    @Mock
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    @InjectMocks
    private AuthenticationCreateAccountController ac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @BeforeEach // For Junit5
    public void setup() {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(ac).build();

    }

    @Test
    public void getAccount() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/"));
    }

}

Answer 3

要使用JUnit Jupiter，必须使用自动配置MockMvc。这有助于解决所有相关的配置。

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebAppConfiguration()
@AutoConfigureMockMvc

Answer 4

@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;

这应该可以解决您的问题。

如何使用Junit5测试弹簧5控制器

4 个答案: