Question

我正在尝试替换文本值，如下所示。我有2个文本文件

1 - input.txt

abc = 123
xyz = 456
pqr = 789

2 - content.txt

AAA = abc
XXX = xyz
PPP = pqr

现在我需要读取input.txt文件并使用input.txt值替换content.txt文件中的值并获取以下输出文件。

3 - new.txt

AAA = 123
XXX = 456
PPP = 789

我该怎么做？

Answer 1

首先按以下方式将文件内容读入2个数组

file1handle = open('filename1', 'r')
file1 = file1handle.readlines()
file2handle = open('filename2', 'r')
file2 = file2handle.readlines()
file2handle.close()
file2handle.close()

然后迭代内容并尝试找到与变量名称和赋值的匹配，并按以下方式将值放入第三个数组

for item in file1:
     name, value = item.split(' = ')
     for item2 in file2:
         name2, assignment = item2.split(' = ')
         #Here we are trying to check which name is to be assigned which value    
         if assignment == name:
             val = name2+'='+value
             file3.append(val)

然后按照以下方式将内容写入文件

filehandle3 = open('filename3', 'w')
for line in file3:
    filehandle3.write(line)
filehandle3.close()

Answer 2

这可能会对你有帮助，

_input = {}
with open('input.txt', 'r') as f:
    s = f.read()
    _input = dict((a.split(' = ')[0], int(a.split(' = ')[1])) for a in s.split('\n'))

_content = {}
with open('content.txt', 'r') as f:
    s = f.read()
    _content = dict((a.split(' = ')[0], a.split(' = ')[1]) for a in s.split('\n'))

for key in _content:
    _content[key] = _input[_content[key]]

结果：

In [18]: _content
Out[19]: {'AAA': 123, 'PPP': 789, 'XXX': 456}

Answer 3

import re

class Defs:
   def __init__(self, defs_file):
      self._defs = {}
      with open(defs_file) as df:
         line_num = 0
         for l in df:
            line_num += 1
            m = re.match(r'\s*(\w+)\s*=\s*(\S+)\s*', l)
            assert m, \
               "invalid assignment syntax with \"{}\" at line {}".format(
                  l.rstrip(), line_num)
            self._defs[m.group(1)] = m.group(2)

   def __getitem__(self, var):
      return self._defs[var]

   @property
   def dict(self):
      return self._defs

class Replacer:
   def __init__(self, defs):
      self._defs = defs

   def replace_with_defs(self, context_file, output_file):
      with open(context_file) as context, open(output_file, 'w') as output:
         for line in context:
            string_repl = re.sub(r'\b(\w+)\b', 
               lambda m: self._defs.dict.get(m.group(1)) or m.group(1), line)
            output.write(string_repl)

def main():
   defs = Defs('input.txt')
   repl = Replacer(defs)
   repl.replace_with_defs('context.txt', 'output.txt')

if __name__ == '__main__':
   main()

为了描述上面发生的事情，Defs类采用defs_file这是input.txt赋值，并将它们存储在将每个变量名绑定到关联值的dict中。 Replacer类句柄接受一个Defs对象，并使用它们迭代context_file中的每一行，即context.txt，并替换任何令牌（假设令牌是变量名）在Defs对象中指定的与之关联的值，并将其写入文件output_file，即output.txt。如果令牌在Defs对象中不作为有效变量名存在，则默认为按原样写入令牌。

Answer 4

使用pandas怎么样：使用大文件时它更短，更容易阅读和更快。

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

input=pd.read_csv("input.txt",sep="=",header=None,usecols=[1])
content=pd.read_csv("content.txt",sep="=",header=None,usecols=[0])
foo=np.hstack(([content.values,input.values]))
new=pd.DataFrame(foo)
new.to_csv("new.txt",index=False,sep="=",header=None)

python中的文本文件值替换

4 个答案: