日本教授的这段代码不起作用：
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
import matplotlib.pylab as plot
import networkx as nx
def initialize():
global g, nextg
g = nx.karate_club_graph()
g.pos = nx.spring_layout(g)
for i in g.nodes_iter():
g.node[i]['state'] = 1 if plot.random() < .5 else 0
nextg = g.copy()
def observe():
global g, nextg
plot.cla()
nx.draw(g, cmap = plot.cm.binary, vmin = 0, vmax = 1,
node_color = [g.node[i]['state'] for i in g.nodes_iter()],
pos = g.pos)
def update():
global g, nextg
for i in g.nodes_iter():
count = g.node[i]['state']
for j in g.neighbors(i):
count += g.node[j]['state']
ratio = count / (g.degree(i) + 1.0)
nextg.node[i]['state'] = 1 if ratio > .5 \
else 0 if ratio < .5 \
else 1 if plot.random() < .5 else 0
g, nextg = nextg, g
import pycxsimulator
pycxsimulator.GUI().start([initialize, observe,update])
它给出了关于此代码第80行的最后一行的错误：
## "pycxsimulator.py"
## Realtime Simulation GUI for PyCX
import pylab as PL
import ttk
from Tkinter import *
from ttk import Notebook
class GUI:
## GUI variables
titleText = 'PyCX Simulator' # window title
timeInterval = 0 # refresh time in milliseconds
running = False
modelFigure = None
stepSize = 1
currentStep = 0
# Constructor
def __init__(self, title='PyCX Simulator', interval=0, stepSize=1, parameterSetters=[]):
self.titleText = title
self.timeInterval = interval
self.stepSize = stepSize
self.parameterSetters = parameterSetters
self.varEntries = {}
self.statusStr = ""
self.initGUI()
# Initialization
def initGUI(self):
#create root window
self.rootWindow = Tk()
self.statusText = StringVar(value=self.statusStr) # at this point, statusStr = ""
self.setStatusStr("Simulation not yet started")
self.rootWindow.wm_title(self.titleText) # titleText = 'PyCX Simulator'
self.rootWindow.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.quitGUI)
self.rootWindow.geometry('450x300')
self.rootWindow.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rootWindow.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.notebook = Notebook(self.rootWindow)
# self.notebook.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=2,pady=2,sticky='nswe') # commented out by toshi on 2016-06-21(Tue) 18:30:25
self.notebook.pack(side=TOP, padx=2, pady=2)
self.frameRun = Frame()
self.frameSettings = Frame()
self.frameParameters = Frame()
self.frameInformation = Frame()
##ERROR
self.notebook.add(self.frameRun,text="Run")
self.notebook.add(self.frameSettings,text="Settings")
self.notebook.add(self.frameParameters,text="Parameters")
self.notebook.add(self.frameInformation,text="Info")
self.notebook.pack(expand=NO, fill=BOTH, padx=5, pady=5 ,side=TOP)
# self.notebook.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky='nswe') # commented out by toshi on 2016-06-21(Tue) 18:31:02
self.status = Label(self.rootWindow, width=40,height=3, relief=SUNKEN, bd=1, textvariable=self.statusText)
# self.status.grid(row=1,column=0,padx=5,pady=5,sticky='nswe') # commented out by toshi on 2016-06-21(Tue) 18:31:17
self.status.pack(side=TOP, fill=X, padx=5, pady=5, expand=NO)
# -----------------------------------
# frameRun
# -----------------------------------
# buttonRun
self.runPauseString = StringVar()
self.runPauseString.set("Run")
self.buttonRun = Button(self.frameRun,width=30,height=2,textvariable=self.runPauseString,command=self.runEvent)
self.buttonRun.pack(side=TOP, padx=5, pady=5)
self.showHelp(self.buttonRun,"Runs the simulation (or pauses the running simulation)")
# buttonStep
self.buttonStep = Button(self.frameRun,width=30,height=2,text='Step Once',command=self.stepOnce)
self.buttonStep.pack(side=TOP, padx=5, pady=5)
self.showHelp(self.buttonStep,"Steps the simulation only once")
# buttonReset
self.buttonReset = Button(self.frameRun,width=30,height=2,text='Reset',command=self.resetModel)
self.buttonReset.pack(side=TOP, padx=5, pady=5)
self.showHelp(self.buttonReset,"Resets the simulation")
# -----------------------------------
# frameSettings
# -----------------------------------
can = Canvas(self.frameSettings)
lab = Label(can, width=25,height=1,text="Step size ", justify=LEFT, anchor=W,takefocus=0)
lab.pack(side='left')
self.stepScale = Scale(can,from_=1, to=50, resolution=1,command=self.changeStepSize,orient=HORIZONTAL, width=25,length=150)
self.stepScale.set(self.stepSize)
self.showHelp(self.stepScale,"Skips model redraw during every [n] simulation steps\nResults in a faster model run.")
self.stepScale.pack(side='left')
can.pack(side='top')
can = Canvas(self.frameSettings)
lab = Label(can, width=25,height=1,text="Step visualization delay in ms ", justify=LEFT, anchor=W,takefocus=0)
lab.pack(side='left')
self.stepDelay = Scale(can,from_=0, to=max(2000,self.timeInterval),
resolution=10,command=self.changeStepDelay,orient=HORIZONTAL, width=25,length=150)
self.stepDelay.set(self.timeInterval)
self.showHelp(self.stepDelay,"The visualization of each step is delays by the given number of milliseconds.")
self.stepDelay.pack(side='left')
can.pack(side='top')
# --------------------------------------------
# frameInformation
# --------------------------------------------
scrollInfo = Scrollbar(self.frameInformation)
self.textInformation = Text(self.frameInformation, width=45,height=13,bg='lightgray',wrap=WORD,font=("Courier",10))
scrollInfo.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
self.textInformation.pack(side=LEFT,fill=BOTH,expand=YES)
scrollInfo.config(command=self.textInformation.yview)
self.textInformation.config(yscrollcommand=scrollInfo.set)
# --------------------------------------------
# ParameterSetters
# --------------------------------------------
for variableSetter in self.parameterSetters:
can = Canvas(self.frameParameters)
lab = Label(can, width=25,height=1,text=variableSetter.__name__+" ",anchor=W,takefocus=0)
lab.pack(side='left')
ent = Entry(can, width=11)
ent.insert(0, str(variableSetter()))
if variableSetter.__doc__ != None and len(variableSetter.__doc__) > 0:
self.showHelp(ent,variableSetter.__doc__.strip())
ent.pack(side='left')
can.pack(side='top')
self.varEntries[variableSetter]=ent
if len(self.parameterSetters) > 0:
self.buttonSaveParameters = Button(self.frameParameters,width=50,height=1,
command=self.saveParametersCmd,text="Save parameters to the running model",state=DISABLED)
self.showHelp(self.buttonSaveParameters,
"Saves the parameter values.\nNot all values may take effect on a running model\nA model reset might be required.")
self.buttonSaveParameters.pack(side='top',padx=5,pady=5)
self.buttonSaveParametersAndReset = Button(self.frameParameters,width=50,height=1,
command=self.saveParametersAndResetCmd,text="Save parameters to the model and reset the model")
self.showHelp(self.buttonSaveParametersAndReset,"Saves the given parameter values and resets the model")
self.buttonSaveParametersAndReset.pack(side='top',padx=5,pady=5)
# <<<<< Init >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
def setStatusStr(self,newStatus):
self.statusStr = newStatus
self.statusText.set(self.statusStr)
# model control functions for changing parameters
def changeStepSize(self,val):
self.stepSize = int(val)
def changeStepDelay(self,val):
self.timeInterval= int(val)
def saveParametersCmd(self):
for variableSetter in self.parameterSetters:
variableSetter(float(self.varEntries[variableSetter].get()))
self.setStatusStr("New parameter values have been set")
def saveParametersAndResetCmd(self):
self.saveParametersCmd()
self.resetModel()
# <<<< runEvent >>>>>
# This event is envoked when "Run" button is clicked.
def runEvent(self):
self.running = not self.running
if self.running:
self.rootWindow.after(self.timeInterval,self.stepModel)
self.runPauseString.set("Pause")
self.buttonStep.configure(state=DISABLED)
self.buttonReset.configure(state=DISABLED)
if len(self.parameterSetters) > 0:
self.buttonSaveParameters.configure(state=NORMAL)
self.buttonSaveParametersAndReset.configure(state=DISABLED)
else:
self.runPauseString.set("Continue Run")
self.buttonStep.configure(state=NORMAL)
self.buttonReset.configure(state=NORMAL)
if len(self.parameterSetters) > 0:
self.buttonSaveParameters.configure(state=NORMAL)
self.buttonSaveParametersAndReset.configure(state=NORMAL)
def stepModel(self):
if self.running:
self.modelStepFunc()
self.currentStep += 1
self.setStatusStr("Step "+str(self.currentStep))
self.status.configure(foreground='black')
if (self.currentStep) % self.stepSize == 0:
self.drawModel()
self.rootWindow.after(int(self.timeInterval*1.0/self.stepSize),self.stepModel)
def stepOnce(self):
self.running = False
self.runPauseString.set("Continue Run")
self.modelStepFunc()
self.currentStep += 1
self.setStatusStr("Step "+str(self.currentStep))
self.drawModel()
if len(self.parameterSetters) > 0:
self.buttonSaveParameters.configure(state=NORMAL)
def resetModel(self):
self.running = False
self.runPauseString.set("Run")
self.modelInitFunc()
self.currentStep = 0;
self.setStatusStr("Model has been reset")
self.drawModel()
def drawModel(self):
PL.ion() # bug fix by Alex Hill in 2013
if self.modelFigure == None or self.modelFigure.canvas.manager.window == None:
self.modelFigure = PL.figure()
self.modelDrawFunc()
self.modelFigure.canvas.manager.window.update()
PL.show() # bug fix by Hiroki Sayama in 2016
def start(self,func=[]):
if len(func)==3:
self.modelInitFunc = func[0]
self.modelDrawFunc = func[1]
self.modelStepFunc = func[2]
if (self.modelStepFunc.__doc__ != None and len(self.modelStepFunc.__doc__)>0):
self.showHelp(self.buttonStep,self.modelStepFunc.__doc__.strip())
if (self.modelInitFunc.__doc__ != None and len(self.modelInitFunc.__doc__)>0):
self.textInformation.config(state=NORMAL)
self.textInformation.delete(1.0, END)
self.textInformation.insert(END, self.modelInitFunc.__doc__.strip())
self.textInformation.config(state=DISABLED)
self.modelInitFunc()
self.drawModel()
self.rootWindow.mainloop()
def quitGUI(self):
PL.close('all')
self.rootWindow.quit()
self.rootWindow.destroy()
def showHelp(self, widget,text):
def setText(self):
self.statusText.set(text)
self.status.configure(foreground='blue')
def showHelpLeave(self):
self.statusText.set(self.statusStr)
self.status.configure(foreground='black')
widget.bind("<Enter>", lambda e : setText(self))
widget.bind("<Leave>", lambda e : showHelpLeave(self))
以下几行：
self.notebook.add(self.frameRun,text="Run")
self.notebook.add(self.frameSettings,text="Settings")
self.notebook.add(self.frameParameters,text="Parameters")
self.notebook.add(self.frameInformation,text="Info")
错误是： TclError：错误的窗口路径名称＆＃34; .227211976L＆＃34;
我真的对Python中的GUI一无所知。你们其中一个人知道该怎么办吗？说真的，我不知道这里有什么问题。
非常感谢你们。