我需要使用Excel / VBA中包含的时区(来自外部源)将ISO8601日期/时间格式解析为正常的Excel日期。据我所知,Excel XP(我们正在使用的)没有内置的例程,所以我想我正在寻找一个用于解析的自定义VBA函数。
ISO8601日期时间看起来像其中之一:
2011-01-01
2011-01-01T12:00:00Z
2011-01-01T12:00:00+05:00
2011-01-01T12:00:00-05:00
2011-01-01T12:00:00.05381+05:00
答案 0 :(得分:124)
使用公式而不是宏来解析没有时区的ISO时间戳的(合理)简单方法。这不是完全原始海报所要求的,但我在尝试解析Excel中的ISO时间戳并发现this solution有用时发现了这个问题,所以我想我会在这里分享。< / p>
以下公式将再次解析ISO时间戳,不包括时区:
=DATEVALUE(MID(A1,1,10))+TIMEVALUE(MID(A1,12,8))
这将以浮点格式生成日期,然后您可以使用普通的Excel格式将其格式化为日期。
答案 1 :(得分:40)
很多谷歌搜索没有发现任何东西,所以我写了自己的例程。将其发布在此处以供将来参考:
Option Explicit
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Declarations must be at the top -- see below
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Declare Function SystemTimeToFileTime Lib _
"kernel32" (lpSystemTime As SYSTEMTIME, _
lpFileTime As FILETIME) As Long
Public Declare Function FileTimeToLocalFileTime Lib _
"kernel32" (lpLocalFileTime As FILETIME, _
lpFileTime As FILETIME) As Long
Public Declare Function FileTimeToSystemTime Lib _
"kernel32" (lpFileTime As FILETIME, lpSystemTime _
As SYSTEMTIME) As Long
Public Type FILETIME
dwLowDateTime As Long
dwHighDateTime As Long
End Type
Public Type SYSTEMTIME
wYear As Integer
wMonth As Integer
wDayOfWeek As Integer
wDay As Integer
wHour As Integer
wMinute As Integer
wSecond As Integer
wMilliseconds As Integer
End Type
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Convert ISO8601 dateTimes to Excel Dates
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Function ISODATE(iso As String)
' Find location of delimiters in input string
Dim tPos As Integer: tPos = InStr(iso, "T")
If tPos = 0 Then tPos = Len(iso) + 1
Dim zPos As Integer: zPos = InStr(iso, "Z")
If zPos = 0 Then zPos = InStr(iso, "+")
If zPos = 0 Then zPos = InStr(tPos, iso, "-")
If zPos = 0 Then zPos = Len(iso) + 1
If zPos = tPos Then zPos = tPos + 1
' Get the relevant parts out
Dim datePart As String: datePart = Mid(iso, 1, tPos - 1)
Dim timePart As String: timePart = Mid(iso, tPos + 1, zPos - tPos - 1)
Dim dotPos As Integer: dotPos = InStr(timePart, ".")
If dotPos = 0 Then dotPos = Len(timePart) + 1
timePart = Left(timePart, dotPos - 1)
' Have them parsed separately by Excel
Dim d As Date: d = DateValue(datePart)
Dim t As Date: If timePart <> "" Then t = TimeValue(timePart)
Dim dt As Date: dt = d + t
' Add the timezone
Dim tz As String: tz = Mid(iso, zPos)
If tz <> "" And Left(tz, 1) <> "Z" Then
Dim colonPos As Integer: colonPos = InStr(tz, ":")
If colonPos = 0 Then colonPos = Len(tz) + 1
Dim minutes As Integer: minutes = CInt(Mid(tz, 2, colonPos - 2)) * 60 + CInt(Mid(tz, colonPos + 1))
If Left(tz, 1) = "+" Then minutes = -minutes
dt = DateAdd("n", minutes, dt)
End If
' Return value is the ISO8601 date in the local time zone
dt = UTCToLocalTime(dt)
ISODATE = dt
End Function
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Got this function to convert local date to UTC date from
' http://excel.tips.net/Pages/T002185_Automatically_Converting_to_GMT.html
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Function UTCToLocalTime(dteTime As Date) As Date
Dim infile As FILETIME
Dim outfile As FILETIME
Dim insys As SYSTEMTIME
Dim outsys As SYSTEMTIME
insys.wYear = CInt(Year(dteTime))
insys.wMonth = CInt(Month(dteTime))
insys.wDay = CInt(Day(dteTime))
insys.wHour = CInt(Hour(dteTime))
insys.wMinute = CInt(Minute(dteTime))
insys.wSecond = CInt(Second(dteTime))
Call SystemTimeToFileTime(insys, infile)
Call FileTimeToLocalFileTime(infile, outfile)
Call FileTimeToSystemTime(outfile, outsys)
UTCToLocalTime = CDate(outsys.wMonth & "/" & _
outsys.wDay & "/" & _
outsys.wYear & " " & _
outsys.wHour & ":" & _
outsys.wMinute & ":" & _
outsys.wSecond)
End Function
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Tests for the ISO Date functions
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Sub ISODateTest()
' [[ Verify that all dateTime formats parse sucesfully ]]
Dim d1 As Date: d1 = ISODATE("2011-01-01")
Dim d2 As Date: d2 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T00:00:00")
Dim d3 As Date: d3 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T00:00:00Z")
Dim d4 As Date: d4 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00Z")
Dim d5 As Date: d5 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00+05:00")
Dim d6 As Date: d6 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00-05:00")
Dim d7 As Date: d7 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00.05381+05:00")
AssertEqual "Date and midnight", d1, d2
AssertEqual "With and without Z", d2, d3
AssertEqual "With timezone", -5, DateDiff("h", d4, d5)
AssertEqual "Timezone Difference", 10, DateDiff("h", d5, d6)
AssertEqual "Ignore subsecond", d5, d7
' [[ Independence of local DST ]]
' Verify that a date in winter and a date in summer parse to the same Hour value
Dim w As Date: w = ISODATE("2010-02-23T21:04:48+01:00")
Dim s As Date: s = ISODATE("2010-07-23T21:04:48+01:00")
AssertEqual "Winter/Summer hours", Hour(w), Hour(s)
MsgBox "All tests passed succesfully!"
End Sub
Sub AssertEqual(name, x, y)
If x <> y Then Err.Raise 1234, Description:="Failed: " & name & ": '" & x & "' <> '" & y & "'"
End Sub
答案 2 :(得分:5)
我会将此作为评论发布,但我没有足够的代表 - 对不起!这对我来说真的很有用 - 感谢rix0rrr,但是我注意到UTCToLocalTime函数在结束时构造日期时需要考虑区域设置。这是我在英国使用的版本 - 注意wDay和wMonth的顺序是相反的:
Public Function UTCToLocalTime(dteTime As Date) As Date
Dim infile As FILETIME
Dim outfile As FILETIME
Dim insys As SYSTEMTIME
Dim outsys As SYSTEMTIME
insys.wYear = CInt(Year(dteTime))
insys.wMonth = CInt(Month(dteTime))
insys.wDay = CInt(Day(dteTime))
insys.wHour = CInt(Hour(dteTime))
insys.wMinute = CInt(Minute(dteTime))
insys.wSecond = CInt(Second(dteTime))
Call SystemTimeToFileTime(insys, infile)
Call FileTimeToLocalFileTime(infile, outfile)
Call FileTimeToSystemTime(outfile, outsys)
UTCToLocalTime = CDate(outsys.wDay & "/" & _
outsys.wMonth & "/" & _
outsys.wYear & " " & _
outsys.wHour & ":" & _
outsys.wMinute & ":" & _
outsys.wSecond)
End Function
答案 3 :(得分:1)
我的日期在表格20130221T133551Z(YYYYMMDD'T'HHMMSS'Z')所以我创建了这个变体:
Public Function ISODATEZ(iso As String) As Date
Dim yearPart As Integer: yearPart = CInt(Mid(iso, 1, 4))
Dim monPart As Integer: monPart = CInt(Mid(iso, 5, 2))
Dim dayPart As Integer: dayPart = CInt(Mid(iso, 7, 2))
Dim hourPart As Integer: hourPart = CInt(Mid(iso, 10, 2))
Dim minPart As Integer: minPart = CInt(Mid(iso, 12, 2))
Dim secPart As Integer: secPart = CInt(Mid(iso, 14, 2))
Dim tz As String: tz = Mid(iso, 16)
Dim dt As Date: dt = DateSerial(yearPart, monPart, dayPart) + TimeSerial(hourPart, minPart, secPart)
' Add the timezone
If tz <> "" And Left(tz, 1) <> "Z" Then
Dim colonPos As Integer: colonPos = InStr(tz, ":")
If colonPos = 0 Then colonPos = Len(tz) + 1
Dim minutes As Integer: minutes = CInt(Mid(tz, 2, colonPos - 2)) * 60 + CInt(Mid(tz, colonPos + 1))
If Left(tz, 1) = "+" Then minutes = -minutes
dt = DateAdd("n", minutes, dt)
End If
' Return value is the ISO8601 date in the local time zone
' dt = UTCToLocalTime(dt)
ISODATEZ = dt
End Function
(未对时区转换进行测试,并且在意外输入时没有错误处理)
答案 4 :(得分:1)
answer rix0rrr很好,但它不支持没有冒号或只有几小时的时区偏移。我略微增强了添加对这些格式的支持的功能:
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Declarations must be at the top -- see below
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Declare Function SystemTimeToFileTime Lib _
"kernel32" (lpSystemTime As SYSTEMTIME, _
lpFileTime As FILETIME) As Long
Public Declare Function FileTimeToLocalFileTime Lib _
"kernel32" (lpLocalFileTime As FILETIME, _
lpFileTime As FILETIME) As Long
Public Declare Function FileTimeToSystemTime Lib _
"kernel32" (lpFileTime As FILETIME, lpSystemTime _
As SYSTEMTIME) As Long
Public Type FILETIME
dwLowDateTime As Long
dwHighDateTime As Long
End Type
Public Type SYSTEMTIME
wYear As Integer
wMonth As Integer
wDayOfWeek As Integer
wDay As Integer
wHour As Integer
wMinute As Integer
wSecond As Integer
wMilliseconds As Integer
End Type
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Convert ISO8601 dateTimes to Excel Dates
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Function ISODATE(iso As String)
' Find location of delimiters in input string
Dim tPos As Integer: tPos = InStr(iso, "T")
If tPos = 0 Then tPos = Len(iso) + 1
Dim zPos As Integer: zPos = InStr(iso, "Z")
If zPos = 0 Then zPos = InStr(iso, "+")
If zPos = 0 Then zPos = InStr(tPos, iso, "-")
If zPos = 0 Then zPos = Len(iso) + 1
If zPos = tPos Then zPos = tPos + 1
' Get the relevant parts out
Dim datePart As String: datePart = Mid(iso, 1, tPos - 1)
Dim timePart As String: timePart = Mid(iso, tPos + 1, zPos - tPos - 1)
Dim dotPos As Integer: dotPos = InStr(timePart, ".")
If dotPos = 0 Then dotPos = Len(timePart) + 1
timePart = Left(timePart, dotPos - 1)
' Have them parsed separately by Excel
Dim d As Date: d = DateValue(datePart)
Dim t As Date: If timePart <> "" Then t = TimeValue(timePart)
Dim dt As Date: dt = d + t
' Add the timezone
Dim tz As String: tz = Mid(iso, zPos)
If tz <> "" And Left(tz, 1) <> "Z" Then
Dim colonPos As Integer: colonPos = InStr(tz, ":")
Dim minutes As Integer
If colonPos = 0 Then
If (Len(tz) = 3) Then
minutes = CInt(Mid(tz, 2)) * 60
Else
minutes = CInt(Mid(tz, 2, 5)) * 60 + CInt(Mid(tz, 4))
End If
Else
minutes = CInt(Mid(tz, 2, colonPos - 2)) * 60 + CInt(Mid(tz, colonPos + 1))
End If
If Left(tz, 1) = "+" Then minutes = -minutes
dt = DateAdd("n", minutes, dt)
End If
' Return value is the ISO8601 date in the local time zone
dt = UTCToLocalTime(dt)
ISODATE = dt
End Function
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Got this function to convert local date to UTC date from
' http://excel.tips.net/Pages/T002185_Automatically_Converting_to_GMT.html
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Function UTCToLocalTime(dteTime As Date) As Date
Dim infile As FILETIME
Dim outfile As FILETIME
Dim insys As SYSTEMTIME
Dim outsys As SYSTEMTIME
insys.wYear = CInt(Year(dteTime))
insys.wMonth = CInt(Month(dteTime))
insys.wDay = CInt(Day(dteTime))
insys.wHour = CInt(Hour(dteTime))
insys.wMinute = CInt(Minute(dteTime))
insys.wSecond = CInt(Second(dteTime))
Call SystemTimeToFileTime(insys, infile)
Call FileTimeToLocalFileTime(infile, outfile)
Call FileTimeToSystemTime(outfile, outsys)
UTCToLocalTime = CDate(outsys.wMonth & "/" & _
outsys.wDay & "/" & _
outsys.wYear & " " & _
outsys.wHour & ":" & _
outsys.wMinute & ":" & _
outsys.wSecond)
End Function
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
' Tests for the ISO Date functions
'---------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Sub ISODateTest()
' [[ Verify that all dateTime formats parse sucesfully ]]
Dim d1 As Date: d1 = ISODATE("2011-01-01")
Dim d2 As Date: d2 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T00:00:00")
Dim d3 As Date: d3 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T00:00:00Z")
Dim d4 As Date: d4 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00Z")
Dim d5 As Date: d5 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00+05:00")
Dim d6 As Date: d6 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00-05:00")
Dim d7 As Date: d7 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00.05381+05:00")
Dim d8 As Date: d8 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00-0500")
Dim d9 As Date: d9 = ISODATE("2011-01-01T12:00:00-05")
AssertEqual "Date and midnight", d1, d2
AssertEqual "With and without Z", d2, d3
AssertEqual "With timezone", -5, DateDiff("h", d4, d5)
AssertEqual "Timezone Difference", 10, DateDiff("h", d5, d6)
AssertEqual "Ignore subsecond", d5, d7
AssertEqual "No colon in timezone offset", d5, d8
AssertEqual "No minutes in timezone offset", d5, d9
' [[ Independence of local DST ]]
' Verify that a date in winter and a date in summer parse to the same Hour value
Dim w As Date: w = ISODATE("2010-02-23T21:04:48+01:00")
Dim s As Date: s = ISODATE("2010-07-23T21:04:48+01:00")
AssertEqual "Winter/Summer hours", Hour(w), Hour(s)
MsgBox "All tests passed succesfully!"
End Sub
Sub AssertEqual(name, x, y)
If x <> y Then Err.Raise 1234, Description:="Failed: " & name & ": '" & x & "' <> '" & y & "'"
End Sub
答案 5 :(得分:1)
我知道它不如VB模块那么优雅 但是,如果有人正在寻找一个快速公式,并且还要考虑“ +”之后的时区,那么就可以了。
= DATEVALUE(MID(D3,1,10))+TIMEVALUE(MID(D3,12,5))+TIME(MID(D3,18,2),0,0)
将会改变
2017-12-01T11:03+1100
到
2/12/2017 07:03:00 AM
(考虑时区的本地时间)
很明显,如果您还有毫秒数,或者如果+之后您有更长的时间,那么您可以修改不同修剪部分的长度。
如果要忽略时区,请使用sigpwned
公式。
答案 6 :(得分:0)
您可以在不使用VB的情况下执行此操作:
例如解析以下内容:
2011-01-01T12:00:00+05:00
2011-01-01T12:00:00-05:00
这样做:
=IF(MID(A1,20,1)="+",TIMEVALUE(MID(A1,21,5))+DATEVALUE(LEFT(A1,10))+TIMEVALUE(MID(A1,12,8)),-TIMEVALUE(MID(A1,21,5))+DATEVALUE(LEFT(A1,10))+TIMEVALUE(MID(A1,12,8)))
对于
2011-01-01T12:00:00Z
要做:=> http://www.kddart.org/help/kdsmart/html/excel-support.html
对于
2011-01-01
要做:
=DATEVALUE(LEFT(A1,10))
但是大写日期格式应该自动Excel解析。
然后您将获得一个Excel日期/时间值,您可以将其格式化为日期和时间。
有关详细信息和示例文件:http://blog.hani-ibrahim.de/iso-8601-parsing-in-excel-and-calc.html
答案 7 :(得分:0)
如果仅将某些(固定)格式转换为UTC就足够了,则可以编写一个简单的VBA函数或公式。
下面的函数/公式将适用于以下格式(无论如何都将忽略毫秒):
2011-01-01T12:00:00.053+0500
2011-01-01T12:00:00.05381+0500
VBA功能
更长,以提高可读性:
Public Function CDateUTC(dISO As String) As Date
Dim d, t, tz As String
Dim tzInt As Integer
Dim dLocal As Date
d = Left(dISO, 10)
t = Mid(dISO, 12, 8)
tz = Right(dISO, 5)
tzInt = - CInt(tz) \ 100
dLocal = CDate(d & " " & t)
CDateUTC = DateAdd("h", tzInt, dLocal)
End Function
...或“单一”:
Public Function CDateUTC(dISO As String) As Date
CDateUTC = DateAdd("h", -CInt(Right(dISO, 5)) \ 100, CDate(Left(dISO, 10) & " " & Mid(dISO, 12, 8)))
End Function
公式
=DATEVALUE(LEFT([@ISO], 10)) + TIMEVALUE(MID([@ISO], 12, 8)) - VALUE(RIGHT([@ISO], 5)/100)/24
[@ISO]
是一个单元格(表格内),包含ISO8601格式的本地时间的日期/时间。
两者都会生成新的日期/时间类型值。可以根据需要(特定的日期/时间格式)随意调整功能。