Question

在run中我有一个名为dictionary的哈希函数。我试图获取键：值对的散列并通过字符串/句子循环它们。我将字符串转换为数组，然后我想用replacement_words哈希循环该数组。如果数组元素= =哈希中的键，那么我想用键的值替换它。

def dictionary
  replacement_words={
    'hello' => 'hola',
    'two' => 'dos',
    'goodbye' => 'adios',
    'ten' => 'diez',
    '4' => 'cuatro',
    'house' => 'casa',
    'cat' => 'gato'
  }
end

下面我需要调用字典哈希函数，我想返回带有替换字的字符串。 '你好'应该用'Hola'代替。

def spanglish(sentence)
  array=[]
  main_key=dictionary.to_a
  main_value=dictionary.values
  sentence_array=tweets.split(" ")
  sentence_array.collect do |word|
     if word == "to"
       array << "2"
     else
       array << word
    end 
  end 
  array.join(" ")
  array


end

注意：仅使用ruby编程而不是ruby on rails。

示例输入：

"Hello it has been two days since your cat has visited my house"

输出：

"Hola it has been dos days since your gato has visited my casa"

Answer 1

您可以映射句子中的每个单词，并尝试访问每个单词的replacement_words哈希，如果您可以获取特定键的值，那么您就完成了，如果没有，那么您使用相同的单词：

replacement_words = {
  'hello' => 'hola',
  'two' => 'dos',
  'goodbye' => 'adios',
  'ten' => 'diez',
  '4' => 'cuatro',
  'house' => 'casa',
  'cat' => 'gato'
}

sentence = 'Hola it has been dos days since your gato has visited my casa'
p sentence.split.map { |word| replacement_words[word.downcase] || word }.join(' ')
# "hola it has been dos days since your gato has visited my casa"

由于Hello不在replacement_words中，因此它不会获取该值，但是您可以对该单词进行缩写，这将使该句子应用键，因为它在哈希值中。

Answer 2

可能是简单的事情吗？

replacement_words = {
  'hello'   => 'hola',
  'two'     => 'dos',
  'goodbye' => 'adios',
  'ten'     => 'diez',
  '4'       => 'cuatro',
  'house'   => 'casa',
  'cat'     => 'gato',
  'lola'    => 'gertrude'
}

str = "Hello it has been two days since Lola has visited my house"

h = dictionary
str.gsub(/\b\p{Alpha}+\b/) do |word|
  downword = word.downcase
  if h.key?(downword)
    downword == word ? h[downword] : h[downword].capitalize
  else
    word
  end
end
  #=> "Hola it has been dos days since Gertrude has visited my casa"

Answer 3

String#gsub接受哈希作为替代：

string.gsub(Regexp.union(replacement_words.keys), replacement_words)

为了使其工作，应该预先更新初始哈希以区分大写单词：

replacement_words =
  replacement_words.merge(
    replacement_words.
      reject { |e| e =~ /\A\d/ }.
      map { |h| h.map(&:capitalize) }.
      to_h
    )

在Ruby中，比较一个数组和散列函数，如果键与数组元素匹配，则返回/替换它与键的值

3 个答案: