如何使用awk将字符添加到csv中的字段

Question

我正在尝试将单个字符添加到引用的csv文件的开头，如下所示：

"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h"

我需要的输出如下：

"a","b","c","d","e","Nf","g","h"

使用以下awk命令：

awk -F '{ $6="N" $6 }1' file.csv

我得到以下结果，但结果不正确：

"a","b","c","d","e",N"f","g","h"

如何编写awk命令，该命令会在给定字段的引用文本中正确添加字符？

Answer 1

使用 awk 的sub()函数：

awk 'BEGIN{ FS=OFS="," }{ sub(/"/, "&N", $6) }1' file.csv

输出：

"a","b","c","d","e","Nf","g","h"

或使用substr()功能：

awk 'BEGIN{ FS=OFS="," }{ $6="\042N"substr($6, 2) }1' file.csv

Answer 2

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="\",\""} {$6="N"$6} 1' file
"a","b","c","d","e","Nf","g","h"

Answer 3

使用GNU sed

$ sed 's/,"/,"N/5' file

"a","b","c","d","e","Nf","g","h"

在第5个逗号之后进行替换，即第6个字段。

Answer 4

awk一个班轮

awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=","} {sub(/"/,"\"N",$6)}1' f1
"a","b","c","d","e","Nf","g","h"