我有下面的python代码用于生成(转储)YAML文档到文件。
import yaml
import os
device_name = "NN41_R11"
ip = "10.110.11.11"
port = "2022"
def genyam():
data = {
"testbed" : {
"name" : "boot_ios"},
"devices" : {
device_name : {
"type" : "IOS",
"connections" : {
"defaults" : {
"class" : "con.con",
"a" : {
"protocol" : "telnet",
"ip" : ip,
"port" : port,
}
}
}
}
}
}
with open('/tmp/testbed.yaml', 'w') as outfile:
yaml.dump(data, outfile, default_flow_style=False)`
生成以下YAML文件
devices:
NN41_R11:
connections:
defaults:
a:
ip: 10.110.11.11
port: '2022'
protocol: telnet
class: con.con
type: IOS
testbed:
name: boot_ios
虽然键值缩进是正确的,但它没有以正确的顺序生成。我想先测试一下&然后设备现在却相反。我怀疑它是按字母顺序倾倒的。 NN41_R11
又是一个字典,其中包含type & connections
(type
& connections
在同一级别生成但需要先type:IOS
并在connections
之下)。寻找有序转储基本
生成的YAML文档应如下所示:
testbed:
name: "boot-ios"
devices:
NN41_R11:
type: IOS
connections:
defaults:
class: 'con.con'
a:
protocol: telnet
ip: 10.110.11.11
port: 2022
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我建议你看一下ruamel.yaml(免责声明:我是该软件包的作者),它专门用于在加载和转储(即往返)YAML文档时保留密钥的顺序,也可以很容易地使用用动态生成YAML文档。
您必须以某种方式在源代码中对键值对进行排序,因为尽管Python源中存在顺序,但dict
中的名称为data
并未保留。 omap
类型(即ruamel.yaml.comments.CommentedMap
)可以使用元组列表进行初始化,但我经常发现使用逐步分配更容易。
要围绕那些不需要它的字符串获取双引号和单引号,请使用dq
(即ruamel.yaml.scalarstring.DoubleQuotedScalarString
)resp。 sq
(即ruamel.yaml.scalarstring.SingleQuotedScalarString
)
您可以通过将其指定为int
来删除端口周围的引号。
import sys
import ruamel.yaml
from ruamel.yaml.comments import CommentedMap as omap
from ruamel.yaml.scalarstring import DoubleQuotedScalarString as dq
from ruamel.yaml.scalarstring import SingleQuotedScalarString as sq
yaml = ruamel.yaml.YAML()
yaml.indent(mapping=4)
device_name = "NN41_R11"
ip = "10.110.11.11"
port = 2022
def genyam():
# initialise omap with list of tuples that are key-value-pairs
data = omap([
('testbed', omap([('name', dq('boot_ios'))])),
])
# or add in the order you want them in the YAML document
data['devices'] = devices = omap()
devices[device_name] = name = omap()
name['type'] = 'IOS'
name['connections'] = connections = omap()
connections['defaults'] = omap([('class', sq('con.con')),])
connections['a'] = a = omap()
a['protocol'] = 'telnet'
a['ip'] = ip
a['port'] = port
yaml.dump(data, sys.stdout)
genyam()
给出:
testbed:
name: "boot_ios"
devices:
NN41_R11:
type: IOS
connections:
defaults:
class: 'con.con'
a:
protocol: telnet
ip: 10.110.11.11
port: 2022
在ruamel.yaml
中没有办法(在PyYAML中甚至更少)在输出中得到不同映射的不同缩进(你大多有四个,但也有五个和两个位置缩进)。 / p>
一种完全不同的方法是为您的YAML制作模板,并加载和转储以确保它是有效的YAML(填写模板后):
import sys
import ruamel.yaml
yaml_str = """\
testbed:
name: "boot_ios"
devices:
{device_name}:
type: IOS
connections:
defaults:
class: 'con.con'
a:
protocol: telnet
ip: {ip}
port: {port}
"""
yaml = ruamel.yaml.YAML()
yaml.indent(mapping=4)
yaml.preserve_quotes = True
def genyam2(device_name, ip, port):
data = yaml.load(yaml_str.format(device_name=device_name, ip=ip, port=port))
yaml.dump(data, sys.stdout)
genyam2(device_name = "NN41_R11", ip = "10.110.11.11", port = 2022)
这与前一个示例具有相同的输出,因为保留了往返顺序(如果指定yaml.preseve_quotes = True
,也会保留多余的引号)