在swift中解析XML数据

时间:2018-02-15 17:23:18

标签: swift xml

这是我的第一个iOS应用程序,我在从XML获取数据方面遇到了一些麻烦。我需要从XML文件中获取歌曲名称和艺术家,如下所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Schedule System="Jazler">
  <Event status="happening" startTime="19:14:30" eventType="song">
    <Announcement Display="Now On Air:"/>
    <Song title="E timpul">
      <Artist name="Revers">
      </Artist>
      <Jazler ID="16490"/>
      <PlayLister ID=""/>
      <Media runTime="03:03"/>
      <Expire Time="19:17:33"/>
    </Song>
  </Event>
</Schedule>

到目前为止,我认为我创建了解析器,但我不知道如何从中获取数据,在线教程让我感到困惑......

self.parser = XMLParser(contentsOf: URL(string:"http://localhost/jazler/NowOnAir.xml")!)!
self.parser.delegate = self as? XMLParserDelegate

let success:Bool = self.parser.parse()
if success {
    print("success")

} else {
    print("parse failure!")
}

非常感谢您的帮助。提前谢谢。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

由于您的XML包含具有元素属性的所有值,因此您不需要实现foundCharacters。只需didStartElement,例如,您的解析器委托可能看起来很简单:

var song: String?
var artist: String?

func parser(_ parser: XMLParser, didStartElement elementName: String, namespaceURI: String?, qualifiedName qName: String?, attributes attributeDict: [String : String] = [:]) {
    switch elementName {
    case "Song":   song   = attributeDict["title"]
    case "Artist": artist = attributeDict["name"]
    default:       break
    }
}

两个观察结果:

  1. 我倾向于将此解析代码从视图控制器中拉出来,并将其放在专用对象中,以帮助防止&#34;查看控制器膨胀&#34;。

  2. 如果对请求的响应有点慢,我也会使用URLSession。通常,应该避免使用XMLParser(contentsOf:),因为它会同步执行请求。

    在您的情况下,由于您要求来自localhost的数据,或许这不是一个问题。但是,仍然谨慎地始终异步执行HTTP请求。

  3. 无论如何,这可能会产生类似的结果:

    class SongParser: NSObject {
        var song: String?
        var artist: String?
    
        class func requestSong(completionHandler: @escaping (String?, String?, Error?) -> Void) {
            let url = URL(string: "http://localhost/jazler/NowOnAir.xml")!
            let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) { data, _, error in
                guard let data = data, error == nil else {
                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
                        completionHandler(nil, nil, error)
                    }
                    return
                }
    
                let delegate = SongParser()
                let parser = XMLParser(data: data)
                parser.delegate = delegate
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    completionHandler(delegate.song, delegate.artist, parser.parserError)
                }
            }
            task.resume()
        }
    }
    
    extension SongParser: XMLParserDelegate {
        func parser(_ parser: XMLParser, didStartElement elementName: String, namespaceURI: String?, qualifiedName qName: String?, attributes attributeDict: [String : String] = [:]) {
            switch elementName {
            case "Song":   song   = attributeDict["title"]
            case "Artist": artist = attributeDict["name"]
            default:       break
            }
        }
    
    }
    

    你可以像这样使用它:

    SongParser.requestSong { song, artist, error in
        guard let song = song, let artist = artist, error == nil else {
            print(error ?? "Unknown error")
            return
        }
    
        print("Song:", song)
        print("Artist:", artist)
    }
    

答案 1 :(得分:1)

首先将xml转换为NSData并调用解析器来解析它。

//converting into NSData
var data: Data? = theXML.data(using: .utf8)

//initiate  NSXMLParser with this data
var parser: XMLParser? = XMLParser(data: data ?? Data())

//setting delegate
parser?.delegate = self

//call the method to parse
var result: Bool? = parser?.parse()

parser?.shouldResolveExternalEntities = true

现在,您需要在您的类中实现NSXMLParser委托。

func parser(_ parser: XMLParser, didStartElement elementName: String, namespaceURI: String?, qualifiedName qName: String?, attributes attributeDict: [String : String] = [:]) {
currentElement = elementName
print("CurrentElementl: [\(elementName)]")
}

func parser(_ parser: XMLParser, foundCharacters string: String) {
print("foundCharacters: [\(string)]")
}

您将在xml的密钥下找到该值。