我希望创建类似于OOP
这就是我的想法:
(define env (variable 'x 10 env))
我在那里定义一个env并在该环境中创建一个值为10的变量。
我还希望能够调用该环境中的值。例如
(get-value env 'x)
> 10
我能理解的最多的是它涉及closures
,但我不知道从哪里开始
答案 0 :(得分:1)
实现这一目标的最简单方法是使用alist。上述variable
和get-value
可以定义如下:
(define (variable name value env) (cons (cons name value) env))
(define (get-value name env) (cond ((assq name env) => cdr) (else #f)))
如果要隐藏空列表,初始环境为'()
,您也可以这样定义:
(define initial-env '())
答案 1 :(得分:1)
有很多方法可以做到这一点。 classical way是使用alist:
(define (variable name value env)
(cons (cons name value) env))
(define (get-value name env)
(let ((val (assq name env)))
(if val
(cdr val)
(error "Unbound variable" name)))) ; for r6rs use raise
;; the empty environment
(define the-empty-environment '())
Al Petrofsky做了eiod(Eval在一个定义中)这样做:
;; actually called extend
(define (variable name value env)
(lambda (i) (if (eq? name i) value (env i)))
;; just a wrapper, no need for it since you can just call env with the name
(define (get-value name env)
(env name))
;; the empty environment
(define (the-empty-environment i)
(error "Unbound variable" i))
在SICP中,您有包含绑定的框架:
;; actually called extend-environment
(define (variables vars vals env)
(if (= (length vars) (length vals))
(cons (make-frame vars vals) env)
(if (< (length vars) (length vals))
(error "Too many arguments supplied" vars vals)
(error "Too few arguments supplied" vars vals))))
;; actualy called lookup-variable-value
(define (get-value var env)
(define (env-loop env)
(define (scan vars vals)
(cond ((null? vars)
(env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
((eq? var (car vars))
(car vals))
(else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
(if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
(error "Unbound variable" var)
(let ((frame (first-frame env)))
(scan (frame-variables frame)
(frame-values frame)))))
(env-loop env))
;; the empty environment
(define the-empty-environment '())
;; referenced
(define (enclosing-environment env) (cdr env))
(define (first-frame env) (car env))
(define (make-frame variables values)
(cons variables values))
(define (frame-variables frame) (car frame))
(define (frame-values frame) (cdr frame))
请注意,与其他添加一个的不同,这会添加一整套。例如。要将x
绑定到5
,将y
绑定到7
:
(variables '(x y) '(5 7) env)
我将自己添加:
(define (variable var val env)
(hash-set env var val))
(define (get-value name env)
(hash-ref env name (lambda () (error "Unbound variable" name))))
;; the empty environment
(define the-empty-environment '#hasheq())
这个答案的全部意义在于,您可以选择get-value
,variable
和the-empty-environment
。只要你能够实现这些,它的确如何完成并不重要。你可以替换另一个,解释器仍然可以工作。除了要求你一次做一帧的SICP之外。