如何使用CSS网格强制页眉和页脚在页面上保持可见？

时间：2018-02-10 16:07:45

标签： css css3 scrollbar css-grid

我想渲染一个页面，它有一个固定的页眉和页脚以及一个可滚动的（如果需要）中间部分（由侧边栏和主要内容区域组成） - 使用CSS Grid。

在下面的示例中（也作为codepen），“page”是方形矩形（#container），主区域中的段落是我想要滚动的内容，页脚固定：

#container {
  display: grid;
  height: 400px;
  width: 400px;
  border: solid black;
  grid-template-areas: 
    "header header"
    "sidebar main" 
    "footer footer";
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
}

#header {
  grid-area: header;
  background: gray;
}

#sidebar {
  grid-area: sidebar;
}

#main {
  grid-area: main;
}

#footer {
  grid-area: footer;
  background: gray;
}
<div id="container">
  <div id="header">the header</div>
  <div id="sidebar">the sidebar</div>
  <div id="main">
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
    <p>the main part<p>
  </div>
  <div id="footer">the footer</div>
</div>

我对网格系统的理解是陈述

grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;

表示“第一行和第三行的内容强制执行高度，第二行将占用页面高度内的所有剩余空间

这是当主区域的内容没有溢出时实际发生的情况（页脚停留在底部，正如预期的那样），但是一旦发生溢出，滚动条就是整个页面，而不是仅限第二行。

有没有办法优雅（*）使用CSS Grid管理它？

<*> 优雅地我的意思是以正确的方式，没有劫持滚动条，就像我在一些滚动变成噩梦的网站上看到的那样，带有一个zillon滚动条，每个都以难以预测和用户友好的方式滚动。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：3)

@Paulie_D的答案对我来说基本上是对的。但是，您应该注意侧边栏的行为方式 它本身有太多内容。

从我的观点来看，有两种可能性：

  1. 主要内容和侧边栏彼此分开滚动（例如，对SaaS产品，管理区域，内部区域等有用，但不适用于＆＃34;普通＆＃34;网站）< / em>的
  2. 主要内容和侧边栏一起滚动。

    3. <强> 1。主内容和侧边栏滚动分开：

    对于第一个解决方案，您实际上可以回到@Paulie_D的方法。

      

    在这种情况下，将overflow:auto添加到#main

    我会给侧边栏一些额外的值。首先是overflow: hidden;，然后是:hover状态overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: scroll;，以便滚动条在那里始终不可见。

    就个人而言，我不会给内容overflow: auto;，而是overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: scroll;，因此滚动条总是在那里可见，当滚动条没有时，内容本身并不总是更宽一点必要的。

    ＆＃13;
    ＆＃13; 
    *,
*::before,
*::after {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  font-size: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.site {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
  grid-template-areas: 
    "siteHeader siteHeader"
    "siteSidebar siteMain" 
    "siteFooter siteFooter";
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

header {
  grid-area: siteHeader;
  height: 40px;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  background: gainsboro;
}

main {
  grid-area: siteMain;
  padding: 20px;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}

aside {
  grid-area: siteSidebar;
  padding: 20px;
  border-right: 2px solid gray;
  overflow: hidden;
}

aside:hover {
  overflow-x: hidden;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}

footer {
  grid-area: siteFooter;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  background: silver;
}
    ＆＃13; 
    <html>

  <body>

    <div class="site">

      <header>

        {headerContent}

      </header>

      <main>

        <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. In enim justo, rhoncus ut, imperdiet a, venenatis vitae, justo. Nullam dictum felis eu pede mollis pretium. Integer tincidunt. Cras dapibus. Vivamus elementum semper nisi. Aenean vulputate eleifend tellus.</p>

        <p>Aenean leo ligula, porttitor eu, consequat vitae, eleifend ac, enim. Aliquam lorem ante, dapibus in, viverra quis, feugiat a, tellus. Phasellus viverra nulla ut metus varius laoreet. Quisque rutrum. Aenean imperdiet. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Maecenas tempus, tellus eget condimentum rhoncus, sem quam semper libero, sit amet adipiscing sem neque sed ipsum. Nam quam nunc, blandit vel, luctus pulvinar, hendrerit id, lorem. Maecenas nec odio et ante tincidunt tempus. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. Nullam quis ante.</p>

        <p>Etiam sit amet orci eget eros faucibus tincidunt. Duis leo. Sed fringilla mauris sit amet nibh. Donec sodales sagittis magna. Sed consequat, leo eget bibendum sodales, augue velit cursus nunc, quis gravida magna mi a libero. Fusce vulputate eleifend sapien. Vestibulum purus quam, scelerisque ut, mollis sed, nonummy id, metus. Nullam accumsan lorem in dui. Cras ultricies mi eu turpis hendrerit fringilla. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; In ac dui quis mi consectetuer lacinia. Nam pretium turpis et arcu.</p>

        <p>Duis arcu tortor, suscipit eget, imperdiet nec, imperdiet iaculis, ipsum. Sed aliquam ultrices mauris. Integer ante arcu, accumsan a, consectetuer eget, posuere ut, mauris. Praesent adipiscing. Phasellus ullamcorper ipsum rutrum nunc. Nunc nonummy metus. Vestibulum volutpat pretium libero. Cras id dui. Aenean ut eros et nisl sagittis vestibulum. Nullam nulla eros, ultricies sit amet, nonummy id, imperdiet feugiat, pede. Sed lectus. Donec mollis hendrerit risus. Phasellus nec sem in justo pellentesque facilisis. Etiam imperdiet imperdiet orci. Nunc nec neque.</p>

        <p>Phasellus leo dolor, tempus non, auctor et, hendrerit quis, nisi. Curabitur ligula sapien, tincidunt non, euismod vitae, posuere imperdiet, leo. Maecenas malesuada. Praesent congue erat at massa. Sed cursus turpis vitae tortor. Donec posuere vulputate arcu. Phasellus accumsan cursus velit. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Sed aliquam, nisi quis porttitor congue, elit erat euismod orci, ac placerat dolor lectus quis orci. Phasellus consectetuer vestibulum elit. Aenean tellus metus, bibendum sed, posuere ac, mattis non, nunc. Vestibulum fringilla pede sit amet augue. In turpis. Pellentesque posuere. Praesent turpis. Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc, eu sollicitudin urna dolor sagittis lacus. Donec elit libero, sodales nec, volutpat a, suscipit non, turpis. Nullam sagittis. Suspendisse pulvinar, augue ac venenatis condimentum, sem libero volutpat nibh, nec pellentesque velit pede quis nunc. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Fusce id purus. Ut varius tincidunt libero. Phasellus dolor. Maecenas vestibulum mollis</p>

      </main>

      <aside>

        {asideContent}

      </aside>

      <footer>

        {footerContent}

      </footer>

    </div>

  </body>

</html>
    ＆＃13;
    ＆＃13;
    ＆＃13;

    <强> 2。主要内容和侧边栏一起滚动：

    对于第二个解决方案，您需要稍微调整网格，并在内容和侧边栏周围添加另一个div。然后，此div获取属性overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: scroll;，然后可以获得自己的网格以正确对齐内容和侧边栏。

    ＆＃13;
    ＆＃13; 
    *,
*::before,
*::after {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  font-size: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.site {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
  grid-template-areas: 
    "siteHeader siteHeader"
    "siteContent siteContent" 
    "siteFooter siteFooter";
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

header {
  grid-area: siteHeader;
  height: 40px;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  background: gainsboro;
}

.content {
  grid-area: siteContent;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr;
  grid-template-areas: 
    "contentSidebar contentMain";
  overflow-x: hidden;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}

main {
  grid-area: contentMain;
  padding: 20px;
}

aside {
  grid-area: contentSidebar;
  padding: 20px;
  border-right: 2px solid gray;
}

footer {
  grid-area: siteFooter;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  background: silver;
}
    ＆＃13; 
    <html>

  <body>

    <div class="site">

      <header>

        {headerContent}

      </header>

      <div class="content">

        <main>

          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. In enim justo, rhoncus ut, imperdiet a, venenatis vitae, justo. Nullam dictum felis eu pede mollis pretium. Integer tincidunt. Cras dapibus. Vivamus elementum semper nisi. Aenean vulputate eleifend tellus.</p>

          <p>Aenean leo ligula, porttitor eu, consequat vitae, eleifend ac, enim. Aliquam lorem ante, dapibus in, viverra quis, feugiat a, tellus. Phasellus viverra nulla ut metus varius laoreet. Quisque rutrum. Aenean imperdiet. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Maecenas tempus, tellus eget condimentum rhoncus, sem quam semper libero, sit amet adipiscing sem neque sed ipsum. Nam quam nunc, blandit vel, luctus pulvinar, hendrerit id, lorem. Maecenas nec odio et ante tincidunt tempus. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. Nullam quis ante.</p>

          <p>Etiam sit amet orci eget eros faucibus tincidunt. Duis leo. Sed fringilla mauris sit amet nibh. Donec sodales sagittis magna. Sed consequat, leo eget bibendum sodales, augue velit cursus nunc, quis gravida magna mi a libero. Fusce vulputate eleifend sapien. Vestibulum purus quam, scelerisque ut, mollis sed, nonummy id, metus. Nullam accumsan lorem in dui. Cras ultricies mi eu turpis hendrerit fringilla. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; In ac dui quis mi consectetuer lacinia. Nam pretium turpis et arcu.</p>

          <p>Duis arcu tortor, suscipit eget, imperdiet nec, imperdiet iaculis, ipsum. Sed aliquam ultrices mauris. Integer ante arcu, accumsan a, consectetuer eget, posuere ut, mauris. Praesent adipiscing. Phasellus ullamcorper ipsum rutrum nunc. Nunc nonummy metus. Vestibulum volutpat pretium libero. Cras id dui. Aenean ut eros et nisl sagittis vestibulum. Nullam nulla eros, ultricies sit amet, nonummy id, imperdiet feugiat, pede. Sed lectus. Donec mollis hendrerit risus. Phasellus nec sem in justo pellentesque facilisis. Etiam imperdiet imperdiet orci. Nunc nec neque.</p>

          <p>Phasellus leo dolor, tempus non, auctor et, hendrerit quis, nisi. Curabitur ligula sapien, tincidunt non, euismod vitae, posuere imperdiet, leo. Maecenas malesuada. Praesent congue erat at massa. Sed cursus turpis vitae tortor. Donec posuere vulputate arcu. Phasellus accumsan cursus velit. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Sed aliquam, nisi quis porttitor congue, elit erat euismod orci, ac placerat dolor lectus quis orci. Phasellus consectetuer vestibulum elit. Aenean tellus metus, bibendum sed, posuere ac, mattis non, nunc. Vestibulum fringilla pede sit amet augue. In turpis. Pellentesque posuere. Praesent turpis. Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc, eu sollicitudin urna dolor sagittis lacus. Donec elit libero, sodales nec, volutpat a, suscipit non, turpis. Nullam sagittis. Suspendisse pulvinar, augue ac venenatis condimentum, sem libero volutpat nibh, nec pellentesque velit pede quis nunc. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Fusce id purus. Ut varius tincidunt libero. Phasellus dolor. Maecenas vestibulum mollis</p>

        </main>

        <aside>

          {asideContent}

        </aside>

      </div>

      <footer>

        {footerContent}

      </footer>

    </div>

  </body>

</html>
    ＆＃13;
    ＆＃13;
    ＆＃13;

    我希望这有助于：）

答案 1 :(得分：1)

当它溢出时，你必须告诉元素要做什么：

在这种情况下，将overflow:auto添加到#main

enter image description here 

#container {
  display: grid;
  height: 250px;
  width: 400px;
  border: solid black;
  grid-template-areas: "header header" "sidebar main" "footer footer";
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 3fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
}

#header {
  grid-area: header;
  background: gray;
}

#sidebar {
  grid-area: sidebar;
}

#main {
  grid-area: main;
  overflow: auto;
}

#footer {
  grid-area: footer;
  background: gray;
}
<div id="container">
  <div id="header">the header</div>
  <div id="sidebar">the sidebar</div>
  <div id="main">
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
    <p>the main part</p>
  </div>
  <div id="footer">the footer</div>
</div>

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