加载将缓冲区复制到BPF堆栈的BPF程序时出错

时间:2018-02-10 13:22:27

标签: c bpf

我正在尝试加载一个简单地将tty_writebuf参数复制到BPF堆栈的BPF程序。我的计划如下:

#define BUFSIZE 256

SEC("kprobe/tty_write")
int kprobe__tty_write(struct pt_regs *ctx, struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count)
{
  char buffer[BUFSIZE];
  bpf_probe_read(buffer, BUFSIZE, (void *)buf);

  return 0;
}   

请注意,我使用bpf_helpers.h中的tcptracer-bpf来定义SEC宏。在我的真实程序中,我实际上会使用buffer来表示某些内容,但我没有在此处显示该部分。当我尝试加载程序时(使用gobpf从ELF文件中)我收到以下错误:

error while loading "kprobe/tty_write" (permission denied):
0: (bf) r1 = r10
1: (07) r1 += -256
2: (b7) r2 = 256
3: (85) call bpf_probe_read#4
R3 !read_ok

这是为什么?我的程序改编自ttysnoop.py,所以我知道我可以做我想做的事情。我的程序完全反汇编如下:

Disassembly of section kprobe/tty_write:
kprobe__tty_write:
       0:   bf a1 00 00 00 00 00 00     r1 = r10
       1:   07 01 00 00 00 ff ff ff     r1 += -256
       2:   b7 02 00 00 00 01 00 00     r2 = 256
       3:   85 00 00 00 04 00 00 00     call 4
       4:   b7 00 00 00 00 00 00 00     r0 = 0
       5:   95 00 00 00 00 00 00 00     exit

uname -a: Linux ubuntu1710 4.13.0-32-generic#35-Ubuntu SMP Thu 1月25日09:13:46 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU / Linux

编辑:

作为一项实验,我尝试加载类似the example program的程序,该程序在bpf_probe_read_str作为辅助函数时引入:

#define BUFSIZE 256

SEC("kprobe/sys_open")
void bpf_sys_open(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
  char buf[BUFSIZE];
  bpf_probe_read(buf, sizeof(buf), (void *)ctx->di);
}

哪个加载没有问题,并提供以下程序集:

Disassembly of section kprobe/sys_open:
bpf_sys_open:
       0:   79 13 70 00 00 00 00 00     r3 = *(u64 *)(r1 + 112)
       1:   bf a1 00 00 00 00 00 00     r1 = r10
       2:   07 01 00 00 00 ff ff ff     r1 += -256
       3:   b7 02 00 00 00 01 00 00     r2 = 256
       4:   85 00 00 00 04 00 00 00     call 4
       5:   95 00 00 00 00 00 00 00     exit

因此,似乎我的tty_write程序正在将第三个寄存器直接传递给bpf_probe_read,这是在kprobe被触发后设置的。这可能是我看到错误的原因,但我不确定。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

正如您自己发现的那样,问题来自于对kprobe__tty_write使用其他参数。这适用于ttysnoop,因为它使用bcc编译和加载BPF程序。 bcc实际上会将其他参数重写为ctx->xx解除引用。您可以使用以下代码段看到这一点:

from bcc import BPF
BPF(text="""
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
int kprobe__tty_write(struct pt_regs *ctx, struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count) {
return 0;
}
""", debug=4)

感谢debug=4,我们可以看到执行时的重写:

$ sudo python tmp.py
clang -cc1 -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -emit-llvm-bc -emit-llvm-uselists -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name main.c -mrelocation-model static -mthread-model posix -fmath-errno -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -fuse-init-array -target-cpu x86-64 -momit-leaf-frame-pointer -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -coverage-notes-file /usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-112-generic/main.gcno -nostdsysteminc -nobuiltininc -resource-dir lib/clang/5.0.1 -isystem /virtual/lib/clang/include -include ./include/linux/kconfig.h -include /virtual/include/bcc/bpf.h -include /virtual/include/bcc/helpers.h -isystem /virtual/include -I /home/paul/bcc2 -I ./arch/x86/include -I arch/x86/include/generated/uapi -I arch/x86/include/generated -I include -I ./arch/x86/include/uapi -I arch/x86/include/generated/uapi -I ./include/uapi -I include/generated/uapi -D __KERNEL__ -D __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__ -D __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP32__ -D __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP64__ -O2 -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Wno-gnu-variable-sized-type-not-at-end -Wno-pragma-once-outside-header -Wno-address-of-packed-member -Wno-unknown-warning-option -Wno-unused-value -Wno-pointer-sign -fdebug-compilation-dir /usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-112-generic -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 168 -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fdiagnostics-show-option -vectorize-loops -vectorize-slp -o main.bc -x c /virtual/main.c

#include <linux/ptrace.h>
__attribute__((section(".bpf.fn.kprobe__tty_write")))
int kprobe__tty_write(struct pt_regs *ctx) { struct file *file = ctx->di; const char __user *buf = ctx->si; size_t count = ctx->dx;
return 0;
}

以同样的方式,bcc从kprobe__tty_write中提取函数名称,并自动将BPF程序附加到tty_write