Question

假设您有大量的yaml文件（或类似的东西）并且您想要为具有给定名称的所有对象添加描述，例如

- name: alan
  age: 8

- name: britney # some comment about britney
  hobbies: ["painting", "CS"]
  age: 21

- name: charles # some comment about charles
                # that spans over multiple lines
  age: 42

我有一个名称需要描述的对象列表，例如：

britney: teamblue
charles: foobar

如何添加包含说明的行以达到以下目的：

- name: alan
  age: 8

- name: britney # some comment about britney
  hobbies: ["painting", "CS"]
  age: 21
  description: teamblue

- name: charles # some comment about charles
                # that spans over multiple lines
  age: 42
  description: foobar

到目前为止，我已经非常接近，但我一直未能将多行明文替换为另一行：

s=$(awk "/${name}/" RS= ./*.yml)
r=$(awk "/${name}/" RS= ./*.yml && echo "  description: ${desc}")

我需要以某种方式查找$s并将其替换为$r，我无法使其正常工作。我尝试了以下两种的多种变体：

sed "s/$s/$r/" ./*.yml
perl -i -0pe "s/$s/$r/" ./*.yml

但不知何故，yaml中的特殊字符（换行符，双引号，......）会破坏它们，我会得到一条错误消息，如unterminated substitute pattern或输出相同且没有匹配。

也可能与sed相关，我使用的是macOS。

Answer 1

$ cat tst.awk
NR==FNR {
    sub(/:/,"",$1)
    map[$1] = $2
    next
}
$3 in map {
    $0 = $0 "\n  description: " map[$3]
}
{ print }

$ awk -f tst.awk list RS= ORS='\n\n' foo.yaml
- name: alan
  age: 8

- name: britney # some comment about britney
  hobbies: ["painting", "CS"]
  age: 21
  description: teamblue

- name: charles # some comment about charles
                # that spans over multiple lines
  age: 42
  description: foobar

以上使用了这些输入文件：

$ cat list
britney: teamblue
charles: foobar

$ cat foo.yaml
- name: alan
  age: 8

- name: britney # some comment about britney
  hobbies: ["painting", "CS"]
  age: 21

- name: charles # some comment about charles
                # that spans over multiple lines
  age: 42

Answer 2

$ awk 'FNR==NR{a[$1]=$2; next} ($3":" in a){sub(/$/,"\n  description: "a[$3":"])}1' list RS= ORS="\n\n" file.yaml

FNR==NR{a[$1]=$2; next}：在阅读文件list时，创建一个关联数组a，其关键字为$1，值为$2。例如。 a[britney:]=teamblue

($3":" in a){sub(/$/,"\n description: "a[$3":"])}1：在阅读文件file.yaml时，如果$3":"是a中的密钥，则在打印前将description添加到记录中。

<强>输出

- name: alan
  age: 8

- name: britney # some comment about britney
  hobbies: ["painting", "CS"]
  age: 21
  description: teamblue

- name: charles # some comment about charles
                # that spans over multiple lines
  age: 42
  description: foobar

替换多行纯文本

2 个答案: