Question

我正在尝试创建一个捕获所有错误的脚本并将其记录到日志文件中。我想在此文件中包含任何argparse错误。我已经使用logging包和sys.excepthook来驱动日志文件的意外异常。

以下是一个示例代码：

import argparse
import logging
import sys
import traceback

def log_uncaught_exceptions(ex_cls, ex, tb):
    logging.critical(''.join(traceback.format_tb(tb)))
    logging.critical('{0}: {1}'.format(ex_cls, ex))

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.DEBUG,
    filename='foo.log',
    filemode='w',
    format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

sys.excepthook = log_uncaught_exceptions

logging.debug('This is a typical debug line')

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Foo String')
parser.add_argument('foo',type=int)
args = parser.parse_args()
logging.debug('Input was %i'%(args.foo))

当我用python logger_argparse.py 1运行时，一切都很好。如果我运行python logger_argparse.py a，我会在控制台中获得输出而不是日志文件：

usage: logger_argparse.py [-h] foo
logger_argparse.py: error: argument foo: invalid int value: 'a'

如何获取该信息以转至日志文件？

Answer 1

我找到了一个我不相信非常好的解决方法。但似乎有效：

import argparse
import logging
import sys
import traceback

class argparse_logger(argparse.ArgumentParser):
    def _print_message(self, message, file=None):
        if file is sys.stderr:
            logger.error('Arg Parse did something bad...see below:')
            logger.error(message)
        else:
            super()._print_message(message,file=file)

def log_uncaught_exceptions(ex_cls, ex, tb):
    logging.critical(''.join(traceback.format_tb(tb)))
    logging.critical('{0}: {1}'.format(ex_cls, ex))

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.DEBUG,
    filename='foo.log',
    filemode='w',
    format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

# logging.getLogger('root')
logger = logging.getLogger('root')

sys.excepthook = log_uncaught_exceptions

logger.debug('This is a typical debug line')

parser = argparse_logger(description='Foo String')
parser.add_argument('foo',type=int)
args = parser.parse_args()
logger.debug('Input was %i'%(args.foo))

Answer 2

您可以在异常处理程序中使用logging.exception吗？编辑：那么如何从ArgumentParser.error()进行日志记录？

import sys
import logging
import argparse

class argparse_logger(argparse.ArgumentParser):
    def error(self, message):
        logging.error(message)
        super().error(message)

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.DEBUG,
    filename='foo.log',
    filemode='w',
    format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

# parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Foo")
parser = argparse_logger(description="Foo")
parser.add_argument('foo',type=int)
logging.debug("Start")

try:
    args = parser.parse_args(sys.argv[1:])
except:
    print("Error handling arguments")
    raise
logging.debug(f"Finish - {args.foo}")
print(f"Exiting! - {args.foo}")

这将显示以下内容：

J:\>python arg_parse_log.py 5
Exiting! - 5

J:\>more foo.log
2018-02-07 11:34:45,647 - DEBUG - Start
2018-02-07 11:34:45,648 - DEBUG - Finish - 5

J:\>python arg_parse_log.py
usage: arg_parse_log.py [-h] foo
arg_parse_log.py: error: the following arguments are required: foo
Error handling arguments

J:\>more foo.log
2018-02-07 11:34:54,577 - DEBUG - Start
2018-02-07 11:34:54,578 - ERROR - the following arguments are required: foo

Python argparse文件错误

2 个答案: