访问嵌套字典中的键值

时间:2018-02-05 11:49:54

标签: python dictionary

我知道有关访问密钥的问题,之前已经询问过嵌套字典中的值,但是我对以下代码中遇到了一些问题:

用于访问嵌套字典的键和值,如下所示:

example_dict = {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_01': 'value_inner_01'},
                'key_outer_02': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'}}

我有以下代码:

def get_key_value_of_nested_dict(nested_dict):
    for key, value in nested_dict.items():
        outer_key = None
        inner_key = None
        inner_value = None
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            outer_key = key
            get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value)
        else:
            inner_key = key
            inner_value = value
        return outer_key, inner_key, inner_value

我得到的输出是:

    key_outer_01 None None

我在这里做错了什么?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

在递归调用中,您将 outer_key inner_key inner_value 设置为None。但在if isintance(value, dict)中,您只是将 outer_key 重新定义为key。您可能希望分配inner_keyinner_value的新值。

inner_keyinner_value分配新值!如:

example_dict = {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_01': 'value_inner_01'},
                'key_outer_02': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'}}

def get_key_value_of_nested_dict(nested_dict):
    for key, value in nested_dict.items():
        outer_key = None
        inner_key = None
        inner_value = None
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            outer_key = key
            _, inner_key, inner_value = get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value)
        else:
            inner_key = key
            inner_value = value
        return outer_key, inner_key, inner_value

print get_key_value_of_nested_dict(example_dict)
# outputs : ('key_outer_01', 'key_inner_01', 'value_inner_01')

我相信我们需要更多信息,而所有边缘情况都需要知道这段代码是否合适。

我尝试了一些有趣的改进,告诉我它是否比原始代码更适合你的情况。

example_dict = {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_01': 'value_inner_01', 'key_inner_02' : 'value_inner_02'},
                'key_outer_02': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'},
                'key_outer_03' : None}

def get_k_v_of_inner(nested_dict):
    for k, v in nested_dict.items():
        if isinstance(v, dict):
            for k_nested, v_nested in v.items():
                yield {k : {k_nested : v_nested}}
        else:
            # do_something, or simply ignore if not nested dict.
            pass

gen = get_k_v_of_inner(example_dict)

for c, value in enumerate(gen):
    print '#{} : {}'.format(c, value)

# outs : #0 : {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'}}
         #1 : {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_01': 'value_inner_01'}}
         #2 : {'key_outer_02': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'}}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

如果你有一个嵌套的dict,你需要一个嵌套的for循环:

def print_items(nested_dict):

    for key, dictionary in my_dict.items():

        for inner_key, value in dictionary.items():
            print(key, inner_key, value)

my_dict = {"a": {"b": "c", "d": "e"}, "f": {"g": "h"}}
print_items(my_dict)

打印:

a b c
a d e
f g h

答案 2 :(得分:0)

有一点可以肯定的是,你需要return

if isinstance(value, dict):
        outer_key = key
        get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value)
return get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value)

答案 3 :(得分:0)

example_dict = {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_01': 'value_inner_01'}, 'key_outer_02': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'}}

def get_key_value_of_nested_dict(nested_dict, outer_key=None):
    inner_key = None
    inner_value = None
    for key, value in nested_dict.items():

        if isinstance(value, dict):
            outer_key = key
            return get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value, key)
        else:
            inner_key = key
            inner_value = value
        return outer_key, inner_key, inner_value

print get_key_value_of_nested_dict(example_dict)

<强>输出:

('key_outer_01', 'key_inner_01', 'value_inner_01')

答案 4 :(得分:0)

def get_key_value_of_nested_dict(nested_dict):
    rv = []
    for outer_key, value in nested_dict.items():
        try:
            # first we leap
            inner_kvs = get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value)
            for inner_keys, inner_value in inner_kvs:
                rv.append(([outer_key]+inner_keys, inner_value))
        except AttributeError:
            # then ask for forgiveness
            rv.append(([outer_key], value))
    return rv

你得到一个元组列表。在每个元组中,第一个元素是键列表,第二个元素是最终值。

example_dict = {'key_outer_01': {'key_inner_01': 'value_inner_01'},
                'key_outer_02': {'key_inner_02': 'value_inner_02'}}

get_key_value_of_nested_dict(example_dict)

# output
[(['key_outer_01', 'key_inner_01'], 'value_inner_01'),
 (['key_outer_02', 'key_inner_02'], 'value_inner_02')]

要简单地获取没有内部键列表的元组列表,只需更改函数:

def get_key_value_of_nested_dict(nested_dict):
    rv = []
    for outer_key, value in nested_dict.items():
        try:
            inner_kvs = get_key_value_of_nested_dict(value)
            for i_kvs in inner_kvs:
                rv.append((outer_key,) + i_kvs)
        except AttributeError:
            rv.append((outer_key, value))
    return rv

get_key_value_of_nested_dict(example_dict)

# output
[('key_outer_01', 'key_inner_01', 'value_inner_01'),
 ('key_outer_02', 'key_inner_02', 'value_inner_02')]