从代码中调用单击命令

时间:2018-02-05 09:40:04

标签: python command-line-interface python-click

我有一个使用click包装为命令的函数。所以它看起来像这样:

from file_name import app
width = 45
app(45, [... other arguments ...]) 

我有这个功能的不同用例。有时,通过命令行调用它很好,但有时我也想直接调用函数

{{1}}

我们怎么能这样做?我们如何调用已经使用click包装为命令的函数?我找到了这个related post,但是我不清楚如何使它适应我的情况(即,从头开始构建一个Context类并在click命令函数之外使用它)。

编辑:我应该提到:我不能(轻松)修改包含要调用的函数的包。所以我正在寻找的解决方案是如何从来电方处理它。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

您可以通过从参数重建命令行,从常规代码调用click命令函数。使用你的例子它可能看起来像这样:

call_click_command(app, width, [... other arguments ...])

代码:

def call_click_command(cmd, *args, **kwargs):
    """ Wrapper to call a click command

    :param cmd: click cli command function to call 
    :param args: arguments to pass to the function 
    :param kwargs: keywrod arguments to pass to the function 
    :return: None 
    """

    # Get positional arguments from args
    arg_values = {c.name: a for a, c in zip(args, cmd.params)}
    args_needed = {c.name: c for c in cmd.params
                   if c.name not in arg_values}

    # build and check opts list from kwargs
    opts = {a.name: a for a in cmd.params if isinstance(a, click.Option)}
    for name in kwargs:
        if name in opts:
            arg_values[name] = kwargs[name]
        else:
            if name in args_needed:
                arg_values[name] = kwargs[name]
                del args_needed[name]
            else:
                raise click.BadParameter(
                    "Unknown keyword argument '{}'".format(name))


    # check positional arguments list
    for arg in (a for a in cmd.params if isinstance(a, click.Argument)):
        if arg.name not in arg_values:
            raise click.BadParameter("Missing required positional"
                                     "parameter '{}'".format(arg.name))

    # build parameter lists
    opts_list = sum(
        [[o.opts[0], str(arg_values[n])] for n, o in opts.items()], [])
    args_list = [str(v) for n, v in arg_values.items() if n not in opts]

    # call the command
    cmd(opts_list + args_list)

这是如何工作的?

这是有效的,因为click是一个设计良好的OO框架。可以对@click.Command对象进行内省,以确定它所期望的参数。然后可以构造一个命令行,它看起来像点击期望的命令行。

测试代码:

import click

@click.command()
@click.option('-w', '--width', type=int, default=0)
@click.option('--option2')
@click.argument('argument')
def app(width, option2, argument):
    click.echo("params: {} {} {}".format(width, option2, argument))
    assert width == 3
    assert option2 == '4'
    assert argument == 'arg'


width = 3
option2 = 4
argument = 'arg'

if __name__ == "__main__":
    commands = (
        (width, option2, argument, {}),
        (width, option2, dict(argument=argument)),
        (width, dict(option2=option2, argument=argument)),
        (dict(width=width, option2=option2, argument=argument),),
    )

    import sys, time

    time.sleep(1)
    print('Click Version: {}'.format(click.__version__))
    print('Python Version: {}'.format(sys.version))
    for cmd in commands:
        try:
            time.sleep(0.1)
            print('-----------')
            print('> {}'.format(cmd))
            time.sleep(0.1)
            call_click_command(app, *cmd[:-1], **cmd[-1])

        except BaseException as exc:
            if str(exc) != '0' and \
                    not isinstance(exc, (click.ClickException, SystemExit)):
                raise

测试结果:

Click Version: 6.7
Python Version: 3.6.3 (v3.6.3:2c5fed8, Oct  3 2017, 18:11:49) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)]
-----------
> (3, 4, 'arg', {})
params: 3 4 arg
-----------
> (3, 4, {'argument': 'arg'})
params: 3 4 arg
-----------
> (3, {'option2': 4, 'argument': 'arg'})
params: 3 4 arg
-----------
> ({'width': 3, 'option2': 4, 'argument': 'arg'},)
params: 3 4 arg

答案 1 :(得分:1)

如果只想调用底层函数,可以直接以click.Command.callback的形式访问。 Click 将底层封装的 Python 函数存储为类成员。请注意,直接调用该函数将绕过所有 Click 验证,并且不会有任何 Click 上下文信息。

这是一个示例代码,它迭代当前 Python 模块中的所有 click.Command 对象,并从中生成可调用函数的字典。

from functools import partial
from inspect import getmembers

import click


all_functions_of_click_commands = {}

def _call_click_command(cmd: click.Command, *args, **kwargs):
    result = cmd.callback(*args, **kwargs)
    return result

# Pull out all Click commands from the current module
module = sys.modules[__name__]
for name, obj in getmembers(module):
    if isinstance(obj, click.Command) and not isinstance(obj, click.Group):
        # Create a wrapper Python function that calls click Command.
        # Click uses dash in command names and dash is not valid Python syntax
        name = name.replace("-", "_") 
        # We also set docstring of this function correctly.
        func = partial(_call_click_command, obj)
        func.__doc__ = obj.__doc__
        all_functions_of_click_commands[name] = func

可以在 binance-api-test-tool 源代码中找到完整示例。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

我尝试使用Python 3.7,然后单击7以下代码:

import click

@click.command()
@click.option('-w', '--width', type=int, default=0)
@click.option('--option2')
@click.argument('argument')
def app(width, option2, argument):
    click.echo("params: {} {} {}".format(width, option2, argument))
    assert width == 3
    assert option2 == '4'
    assert argument == 'arg'


app(["arg", "--option2", "4", "-w", 3])

app(["arg", "-w", 3, "--option2", "4" ])

app(["-w", 3, "--option2", "4", "arg"])

所有app通话都正常!