`template <auto>`和部分类模板特化排序

时间:2018-02-04 17:16:34

标签: c++ templates language-lawyer partial-specialization c++17

考虑:

#include <type_traits>

template <typename>
struct Tag {};

template <typename T>
auto tag = Tag<T>{};


template <typename...>
struct SelectorImpl;

// 1
template <auto... xs>
struct SelectorImpl<std::integral_constant<decltype(xs), xs>...>
{};

// 2
template <typename T, Tag<T>* tag, auto... xs>
struct SelectorImpl<std::integral_constant<decltype(tag), tag>,
                    std::integral_constant<decltype(xs), xs>...>
{};


template <auto... params>
struct Selector
: SelectorImpl<std::integral_constant<decltype(params), params>...>
{};


int main() {
    Selector<&tag<int>, 1, 2>{};
}

gcc和clang都无法编译它,报告SelectorImpl的特化是不明确的。我相信专业化#2更专业化。我错了吗?这是here的问题吗?这是一个错误吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

首先,我想确保<char X>优先于<auto X>。所以我写了这个简单的测试:https://godbolt.org/g/Hy6NVB

template<auto...>
struct TestSingleImpl;

// 1
template<auto x>
struct TestSingleImpl<x> { static constexpr bool value = false; };

// 2
template<char x>
struct TestSingleImpl<x> { static constexpr bool value = true; };

static_assert(TestSingleImpl<1234>::value == false, "1");
static_assert(TestSingleImpl<'a'>::value == true, "2");

结果:是的,它有优先权(没有歧义)

然后我使用variadic args应用了相同的例子:https://godbolt.org/g/7mWaeH

template <typename...>
struct Test;

// 1
template<auto v, auto... x>
struct Test<std::integral_constant<decltype(v), v>,
            std::integral_constant<decltype(x), x>...>
{
    static constexpr bool value = true;
};

// 2
template<char v, auto... x>
struct Test<std::integral_constant<char, v>,
            std::integral_constant<decltype(x), x>...>
{
    static constexpr bool value = false;
};

template <auto... params>
struct Selector : Test<std::integral_constant<decltype(params), params>...> {};

static_assert(Selector<1234, 1, 2>::value == true, "1"); // 1 - ok
static_assert(Selector<'a', 1, 2>::value == false, "2"); // 2 - AMBIGUITY

看起来template<char v, auto... x>的优先级不超过template<auto... x>

这在CLANG和GCC

中看起来都是一个巨大的错误

如果我们移除了std::integral_constant,它就会正常运行:https://godbolt.org/g/grRC8h

这确认了错误:)

template <auto...>
struct Test;

// 1
template<auto v, auto... x>
struct Test<v, x...>
{
    static constexpr bool value = true;
};

// 2
template<char v, auto... x>
struct Test<v, x...>
{
    static constexpr bool value = false;
};

static_assert(Test<1234, 1, 2>::value == true, "1"); // 1 - ok
static_assert(Test<'a', 1, 2>::value == false, "2"); // 2 - ok