我试图递归一个节点结构,修改它们,然后返回我得到的最后一个returns
。我使用example in the non-lexical lifetimes RFC解决了循环中可变引用的问题。如果我尝试将可变引用返回到最后一个Node
,则会出现Node
错误:
use of moved value
给出此错误
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Node {
children: Vec<Node>,
}
impl Node {
fn new(children: Vec<Self>) -> Self {
Self { children }
}
fn get_last(&mut self) -> Option<&mut Node> {
self.children.last_mut()
}
}
fn main() {
let mut root = Node::new(vec![Node::new(vec![])]);
let current = &mut root;
println!("Final: {:?}", get_last(current));
}
fn get_last(mut current: &mut Node) -> &mut Node {
loop {
let temp = current;
println!("{:?}", temp);
match temp.get_last() {
Some(child) => { current = child },
None => break,
}
}
current
}
如果我返回临时值而不是中断,则会收到错误error[E0382]: use of moved value: `*current`
--> test.rs:51:5
|
40 | let temp = current;
| ---- value moved here
...
51 | current
| ^^^^^^^ value used here after move
|
= note: move occurs because `current` has type `&mut Node`, which does not implement the `Copy` trait
。
cannot borrow as mutable more than once
fn get_last(mut current: &mut Node) -> &mut Node {
loop {
let temp = current;
println!("{:?}", temp);
match temp.get_last() {
Some(child) => { current = child },
None => return temp,
}
}
}
如何使用可变引用遍历结构并返回最后一个error[E0499]: cannot borrow `*temp` as mutable more than once at a time
--> test.rs:47:28
|
43 | match temp.get_last() {
| ---- first mutable borrow occurs here
...
47 | None => return temp,
| ^^^^ second mutable borrow occurs here
48 | }
49 | }
| - first borrow ends here
?我已经搜索过了,但是我找不到针对这个特定问题的任何解决方案。
我无法使用Obtaining a mutable reference by iterating a recursive structure,因为它让我多次借用错误:
Node
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这确实与Cannot obtain a mutable reference when iterating a recursive structure: cannot borrow as mutable more than once at a time不同。如果我们查看那里的答案,修改了一下,我们可以看到它匹配一个值,并且能够返回终端案例中匹配的值。也就是说,返回值是Option
:
fn back(&mut self) -> &mut Option<Box<Node>> {
let mut anchor = &mut self.root;
loop {
match {anchor} {
&mut Some(ref mut node) => anchor = &mut node.next,
other => return other, // transferred ownership to here
}
}
}
您的案件因两个方面而变得复杂:
你想要一个可变的引用并且&#34;放弃它&#34;在一个案例中(有孩子)而在另一个案例中没有(没有孩子)。这在概念上与此相同:
fn maybe_identity<T>(_: T) -> Option<T> { None }
fn main() {
let name = String::from("vivian");
match maybe_identity(name) {
Some(x) => println!("{}", x),
None => println!("{}", name),
}
}
编译器无法判断None
案例(非常理论上)可以继续使用name
。
直接的解决方案是对此进行编码&#34;将其取回&#34;行动明确。我们创建一个枚举,在没有子节点的情况下返回&mut self
:
enum LastOrNot<'a> {
Last(&'a mut Node),
NotLast(&'a mut Node),
}
impl Node {
fn get_last_or_self(&mut self) -> LastOrNot {
match self.children.is_empty() {
false => LastOrNot::Last(self.children.last_mut().unwrap()),
true => LastOrNot::NotLast(self),
}
}
}
然后可以重写该函数以使用枚举:
fn get_last(mut current: &mut Node) -> &mut Node {
loop {
match { current }.get_last_or_self() {
LastOrNot::Last(child) => current = child,
LastOrNot::NotLast(end) => return end,
}
}
}
请注意,我们正在使用Rust borrow of a HashMap lasts beyond the scope it's in?和Cannot obtain a mutable reference when iterating a recursive structure: cannot borrow as mutable more than once at a time中公开的所有技术。
使用NLL,我们可以简化get_last_or_self
以避免布尔值:
fn get_last_or_self(&mut self) -> LastOrNot {
match self.children.last_mut() {
Some(l) => LastOrNot::Last(l),
None => LastOrNot::NotLast(self),
}
}
通过正在进行的NLL重新实现,整个问题可以简化为非常简单形式:
fn get_last(mut current: &mut Node) -> &mut Node {
while let Some(child) = current.get_last() {
current = child;
}
current
}
另见: