据我所知，我可以使用DailyRollingFileAppender每月，每天，每半天，每小时或每分钟滚动日志文件。但是如何配置log4j每15分钟滚动一次日志文件。
如果配置无法做到这一点，请建议/指导我如何扩展log4j的文件appender来实现这一点。
谢谢和问候。
答案 0 :(得分：4)
Log4J中DailyRollingFileAppender的Javadoc表示基于时间的滚动仅发生在基于单元的翻转（日，周，月等）上。这意味着你可以得到的最接近的模式是'.'yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm，它会在每分钟翻滚。
我的建议是做以下其中一项：
FileAppender借来的逻辑进行计算的自定义DailyRollingFileAppender RollingPolicy，它使用从LOGBack时间计算借来的逻辑（这与Log4J中的非常相似）< / LI>
顺便说一句，如果您选择后者，我建议您考虑使用SLF4J API进行编码，并使用LOGBack（或Log4J）作为底层实现。
答案 1 :(得分：3)
这是我用于每小时的代码。您可以每15分钟更改一次 - 请参阅方法nextCalendar()。此代码基于DatedFileAppender。
package com.stackoverflow.log4j;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.log4j.FileAppender;
import org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggingEvent;
/**
* Based on biz.minaret.log4j.DatedFileAppender,
* decompiled with JAD,
* revised to use optional hours.
*/
public class DistinctDailyFileAppender extends FileAppender {
public static final String DEFAULT_DIRECTORY = "logs";
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".txt";
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "";
private String directory = DEFAULT_DIRECTORY;
private String prefix = DEFAULT_PREFIX;
private String suffix = DEFAULT_SUFFIX;
private File currentPath = null;
private Calendar currentCalendar = null;
private long nextTime = 0l;
private boolean hourly = false;
/**
* Constructor.
*/
public DistinctDailyFileAppender() {}
/**
* This method is automatically called once by the system,
* immediately after all properties are set, prior to release.
*/
public void activateOptions() {
currentPath = new File(directory);
if (!currentPath.isAbsolute()) {
errorHandler.error("Directory failure for appender [" + name + "] : " + directory);
return;
}
currentPath.mkdirs();
// We can write; initialize calendar
if (currentPath.canWrite()) {
currentCalendar = Calendar.getInstance();
} else {
errorHandler.error("Cannot write for appender [" + name + "] : " + directory);
return;
}
}
/**
* This is called, synchronized by parent.
*/
public void append(LoggingEvent event) {
if (layout == null) {
errorHandler.error("No layout set for appender [" + name + "].");
return;
}
if (currentCalendar == null) {
errorHandler.error("Improper initialization for appender [" + name + "].");
return;
}
long nowTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (nowTime >= nextTime) {
currentCalendar.setTime(new Date(nowTime));
String timestamp = generateTimestamp(currentCalendar);
nextCalendar(currentCalendar);
nextTime = currentCalendar.getTime().getTime();
File file = new File(currentPath, prefix + timestamp + suffix);
fileName = file.getAbsolutePath();
super.activateOptions();
}
if (super.qw == null) {
errorHandler.error("No output stream or file set for the appender named [" + name + "].");
return;
} else {
subAppend(event);
return;
}
}
protected String generateTimestamp(Calendar calendar) {
int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
int minutes = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
int seconds = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
if (year < 1000) {
buffer.append('0');
if (year < 100) {
buffer.append('0');
if (year < 10) {
buffer.append('0');
}
}
}
buffer.append(Integer.toString(year));
buffer.append('-');
if (month < 10) {
buffer.append('0');
}
buffer.append(Integer.toString(month));
buffer.append('-');
if (day < 10) {
buffer.append('0');
}
buffer.append(Integer.toString(day));
buffer.append('_');
if (hour < 10) {
buffer.append('0');
}
buffer.append(Integer.toString(hour));
if (minutes < 10) {
buffer.append('0');
}
buffer.append(Integer.toString(minutes));
if (seconds < 10) {
buffer.append('0');
}
buffer.append(Integer.toString(seconds));
return buffer.toString();
}
protected void nextCalendar(Calendar calendar) {
int i = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int j = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
if (hourly) {
int k = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int l = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) + 1;
calendar.clear();
calendar.set(i, j, k, l, 0);
} else {
int k = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH) + 1;
calendar.clear();
calendar.set(i, j, k);
}
}
public String getDirectory() {
return directory;
}
public void setDirectory(String directory) {
if (directory == null || directory.length() == 0) {
this.directory = "."; // Set to here
} else {
this.directory = directory;
}
}
public String getPrefix() {
return prefix;
}
public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
if (prefix == null) {
this.prefix = DEFAULT_PREFIX; // Set to default
} else {
this.prefix = prefix;
}
}
public String getSuffix() {
return suffix;
}
public void setSuffix(String suffix) {
if (suffix == null) {
this.suffix = ""; // Set to empty, not default
} else {
this.suffix = suffix;
}
}
public void setHourly(boolean hourly) {
this.hourly = hourly;
}
public boolean isHourly() {
return this.hourly;
}
}
这是我的appender XML代码段：
<appender name="PRIMARY_APPENDER" class="com.stackoverflow.log4j.DistinctDailyFileAppender">
<param name="Threshold" value="DEBUG"/>
<param name="Directory" value="X:\\apps\\logs\\cheese\\"/>
<param name="Append" value="true"/>
<param name="Hourly" value="true"/>
<param name="Prefix" value="appname_log."/>
<param name="Suffix" value=".txt"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{HH:mm:ss,SSS} %-5p [%.3t] %-14.14c{1} %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
答案 2 :(得分：3)
我创建了这个appender。它只是DailyRollingFileAppender的副本，只是几乎没有变化。首先，我删除类型HALF_DAY（这里没有任何意义）并添加一个变量timeInterval。现在这个每个x的日志记录取决于datePatter。例如：
此记录每2分钟
log4j.appender.APP=path.to.class.CustomRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.APP.DatePattern=.yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm
log4j.appender.APP.TimeInterval=2
此记录每3小时
log4j.appender.APP=path.to.class.CustomRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.APP.DatePattern=.yyyy-MM-dd-HH
log4j.appender.APP.TimeInterval=3
CustomRollingFileAppender：
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import org.apache.log4j.FileAppender;
import org.apache.log4j.Layout;
import org.apache.log4j.helpers.LogLog;
import org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggingEvent;
/**
* DailyRollingFileAppender extends {@link FileAppender} so that the underlying file is rolled over at a user chosen
* frequency.
*
* <p>
* The rolling schedule is specified by the <b>DatePattern</b> option. This pattern should follow the
* {@link SimpleDateFormat} conventions. In particular, you <em>must</em> escape literal text within a pair of single
* quotes. A formatted version of the date pattern is used as the suffix for the rolled file name.
*
* <p>
* For example, if the <b>File</b> option is set to <code>/foo/bar.log</code> and the <b>DatePattern</b> set to
* <code>'.'yyyy-MM-dd</code>, on 2001-02-16 at midnight, the logging file <code>/foo/bar.log</code> will be copied to
* <code>/foo/bar.log.2001-02-16</code> and logging for 2001-02-17 will continue in <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it
* rolls over the next day.
*
* <p>
* Is is possible to specify monthly, weekly, half-daily, daily, hourly, or minutely rollover schedules.
*
* <p>
* <table border="1" cellpadding="2">
* <tr>
* <th>DatePattern</th>
* <th>Rollover schedule</th>
* <th>Example</th>
*
* <tr>
* <td><code>'.'yyyy-MM</code>
* <td>Rollover at the beginning of each month</td>
*
* <td>At midnight of May 31st, 2002 <code>/foo/bar.log</code> will be copied to <code>/foo/bar.log.2002-05</code>.
* Logging for the month of June will be output to <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it is also rolled over the next
* month.
*
* <tr>
* <td><code>'.'yyyy-ww</code>
*
* <td>Rollover at the first day of each week. The first day of the week depends on the locale.</td>
*
* <td>Assuming the first day of the week is Sunday, on Saturday midnight, June 9th 2002, the file <i>/foo/bar.log</i>
* will be copied to <i>/foo/bar.log.2002-23</i>. Logging for the 24th week of 2002 will be output to
* <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it is rolled over the next week.
*
* <tr>
* <td><code>'.'yyyy-MM-dd</code>
*
* <td>Rollover at midnight each day.</td>
*
* <td>At midnight, on March 8th, 2002, <code>/foo/bar.log</code> will be copied to <code>/foo/bar.log.2002-03-08</code>
* . Logging for the 9th day of March will be output to <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it is rolled over the next day.
*
* <tr>
* <td><code>'.'yyyy-MM-dd-a</code>
*
* <td>Rollover at midnight and midday of each day.</td>
*
* <td>At noon, on March 9th, 2002, <code>/foo/bar.log</code> will be copied to <code>/foo/bar.log.2002-03-09-AM</code>.
* Logging for the afternoon of the 9th will be output to <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it is rolled over at midnight.
*
* <tr>
* <td><code>'.'yyyy-MM-dd-HH</code>
*
* <td>Rollover at the top of every hour.</td>
*
* <td>At approximately 11:00.000 o'clock on March 9th, 2002, <code>/foo/bar.log</code> will be copied to
* <code>/foo/bar.log.2002-03-09-10</code>. Logging for the 11th hour of the 9th of March will be output to
* <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it is rolled over at the beginning of the next hour.
*
*
* <tr>
* <td><code>'.'yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm</code>
*
* <td>Rollover at the beginning of every minute.</td>
*
* <td>At approximately 11:23,000, on March 9th, 2001, <code>/foo/bar.log</code> will be copied to
* <code>/foo/bar.log.2001-03-09-10-22</code>. Logging for the minute of 11:23 (9th of March) will be output to
* <code>/foo/bar.log</code> until it is rolled over the next minute.
*
* </table>
*
* <p>
* Do not use the colon ":" character in anywhere in the <b>DatePattern</b> option. The text before the colon is
* interpeted as the protocol specificaion of a URL which is probably not what you want.
*
* @author Eirik Lygre
* @author Ceki Gülcü
*/
public class CustomRollingFileAppender extends FileAppender {
// The code assumes that the following constants are in a increasing
// sequence.
static final int TOP_OF_TROUBLE = -1;
static final int TOP_OF_MINUTE = 0;
static final int TOP_OF_HOUR = 1;
static final int TOP_OF_DAY = 2;
static final int TOP_OF_WEEK = 3;
static final int TOP_OF_MONTH = 4;
/**
* The date pattern. By default, the pattern is set to "'.'yyyy-MM-dd" meaning daily rollover.
*/
private String datePattern = "'.'yyyy-MM-dd";
private int timeInterval = 1;
/**
* The log file will be renamed to the value of the scheduledFilename variable when the next interval is entered.
* For example, if the rollover period is one hour, the log file will be renamed to the value of "scheduledFilename"
* at the beginning of the next hour.
*
* The precise time when a rollover occurs depends on logging activity.
*/
private String scheduledFilename;
/**
* The next time we estimate a rollover should occur.
*/
private long nextCheck = System.currentTimeMillis() - 1;
Date now = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf;
RollingCalendar rc = new RollingCalendar();
int checkPeriod = TOP_OF_TROUBLE;
// The gmtTimeZone is used only in computeCheckPeriod() method.
static final TimeZone gmtTimeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT");
/**
* The default constructor does nothing.
*/
public CustomRollingFileAppender() {
}
/**
* Instantiate a <code>DailyRollingFileAppender</code> and open the file designated by <code>filename</code>. The
* opened filename will become the ouput destination for this appender.
*/
public CustomRollingFileAppender(Layout layout, String filename, String datePattern) throws IOException {
super(layout, filename, true);
this.datePattern = datePattern;
activateOptions();
}
/**
* The <b>DatePattern</b> takes a string in the same format as expected by {@link SimpleDateFormat}. This options
* determines the rollover schedule.
*/
public void setDatePattern(String pattern) {
datePattern = pattern;
}
/** Returns the value of the <b>DatePattern</b> option. */
public String getDatePattern() {
return datePattern;
}
public void activateOptions() {
super.activateOptions();
if (datePattern != null && fileName != null) {
now.setTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
int type = computeCheckPeriod();
printPeriodicity(type);
rc.setType(type);
rc.setTimeInterval(timeInterval);
File file = new File(fileName);
scheduledFilename = fileName + sdf.format(new Date(file.lastModified()));
} else {
LogLog.error("Either File or DatePattern options are not set for appender [" + name + "].");
}
}
void printPeriodicity(int type) {
switch (type) {
case TOP_OF_MINUTE:
LogLog.debug("Appender [" + name + "] to be rolled every " + timeInterval + " minutes.");
break;
case TOP_OF_HOUR:
LogLog.debug("Appender [" + name + "] to be rolled every " + timeInterval + " hours.");
break;
case TOP_OF_DAY:
LogLog.debug("Appender [" + name + "] to be rolled every " + timeInterval + " days.");
break;
case TOP_OF_WEEK:
LogLog.debug("Appender [" + name + "] to be rolled every " + timeInterval + " weeks.");
break;
case TOP_OF_MONTH:
LogLog.debug("Appender [" + name + "] to be rolled every " + timeInterval + " months.");
break;
default:
LogLog.warn("Unknown periodicity for appender [" + name + "].");
}
}
// This method computes the roll over period by looping over the
// periods, starting with the shortest, and stopping when the r0 is
// different from from r1, where r0 is the epoch formatted according
// the datePattern (supplied by the user) and r1 is the
// epoch+nextMillis(i) formatted according to datePattern. All date
// formatting is done in GMT and not local format because the test
// logic is based on comparisons relative to 1970-01-01 00:00:00
// GMT (the epoch).
int computeCheckPeriod() {
RollingCalendar rollingCalendar = new RollingCalendar(gmtTimeZone, Locale.ENGLISH);
// set sate to 1970-01-01 00:00:00 GMT
Date epoch = new Date(0);
if (datePattern != null) {
for (int i = TOP_OF_MINUTE; i <= TOP_OF_MONTH; i++) {
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
simpleDateFormat.setTimeZone(gmtTimeZone); // do all date formatting in GMT
String r0 = simpleDateFormat.format(epoch);
rollingCalendar.setType(i);
Date next = new Date(rollingCalendar.getNextCheckMillis(epoch));
String r1 = simpleDateFormat.format(next);
// System.out.println("Type = "+i+", r0 = "+r0+", r1 = "+r1);
if (r0 != null && r1 != null && !r0.equals(r1)) {
return i;
}
}
}
return TOP_OF_TROUBLE; // Deliberately head for trouble...
}
/**
* Rollover the current file to a new file.
*/
void rollOver() throws IOException {
/* Compute filename, but only if datePattern is specified */
if (datePattern == null) {
errorHandler.error("Missing DatePattern option in rollOver().");
return;
}
String datedFilename = fileName + sdf.format(now);
// It is too early to roll over because we are still within the
// bounds of the current interval. Rollover will occur once the
// next interval is reached.
if (scheduledFilename.equals(datedFilename)) {
return;
}
// close current file, and rename it to datedFilename
this.closeFile();
File target = new File(scheduledFilename);
if (target.exists()) {
target.delete();
}
File file = new File(fileName);
boolean result = file.renameTo(target);
if (result) {
LogLog.debug(fileName + " -> " + scheduledFilename);
} else {
LogLog.error("Failed to rename [" + fileName + "] to [" + scheduledFilename + "].");
}
try {
// This will also close the file. This is OK since multiple
// close operations are safe.
this.setFile(fileName, false, this.bufferedIO, this.bufferSize);
} catch (IOException e) {
errorHandler.error("setFile(" + fileName + ", false) call failed.");
}
scheduledFilename = datedFilename;
}
/**
* This method differentiates DailyRollingFileAppender from its super class.
*
* <p>
* Before actually logging, this method will check whether it is time to do a rollover. If it is, it will schedule
* the next rollover time and then rollover.
* */
protected void subAppend(LoggingEvent event) {
long n = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (n >= nextCheck) {
now.setTime(n);
nextCheck = rc.getNextCheckMillis(now);
try {
rollOver();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
LogLog.error("rollOver() failed.", ioe);
}
}
super.subAppend(event);
}
public int getTimeInterval() {
return timeInterval;
}
public void setTimeInterval(int timeInterval) {
this.timeInterval = timeInterval;
}
}
/**
* RollingCalendar is a helper class to DailyRollingFileAppender. Given a periodicity type and the current time, it
* computes the start of the next interval.
* */
class RollingCalendar extends GregorianCalendar {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3560331770601814177L;
int type = CustomRollingFileAppender.TOP_OF_TROUBLE;
int timeInterval = 1;
RollingCalendar() {
super();
}
public void setTimeInterval(int timeInterval) {
this.timeInterval = timeInterval;
}
RollingCalendar(TimeZone tz, Locale locale) {
super(tz, locale);
}
void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
public long getNextCheckMillis(Date now) {
return getNextCheckDate(now).getTime();
}
public Date getNextCheckDate(Date now) {
this.setTime(now);
switch (type) {
case CustomRollingFileAppender.TOP_OF_MINUTE:
this.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
this.add(Calendar.MINUTE, timeInterval);
break;
case CustomRollingFileAppender.TOP_OF_HOUR:
this.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
this.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
this.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, timeInterval);
break;
case CustomRollingFileAppender.TOP_OF_DAY:
this.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
this.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
this.add(Calendar.DATE, timeInterval);
break;
case CustomRollingFileAppender.TOP_OF_WEEK:
this.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, getFirstDayOfWeek());
this.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
this.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
this.add(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR, timeInterval);
break;
case CustomRollingFileAppender.TOP_OF_MONTH:
this.set(Calendar.DATE, 1);
this.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
this.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
this.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
this.add(Calendar.MONTH, timeInterval);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown periodicity type.");
}
return getTime();
}
}
答案 3 :(得分：1)
我知道它的回复迟了，但是下面的解决方案会帮助你和其他用户搜索同一个问题并回到这个帖子。
我修改了DailyRollingFileAppender.java以在文件滚动中包含时间间隔子句，这将允许用户设置必须完成滚动的分钟间隔
包含此处的文件http://abheygupta.com/DailyRollingFileAppender.java
并配置这种方式，tim间隔可以有60个因子的任何值[1,2,3,4,5,6,10,12,15,20,30,60] log4j.appender.mtlog_api11.DatePattern = '' mmHHMMddyyyy log4j.appender.mtlog_api11.TimeInterval = 10
它将在上面指定的其他DatePattern中正常工作。
答案 4 :(得分：0)
使用 logback ，您可以继承RollingFileAppender。
public class FifteenMinuteAppender<E> extends RollingFileAppender<E>
{
private static long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); // minutes
private int rollOverTimeInMinutes = 15;
@Override
public void rollover()
{
long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
int maxIntervalSinceLastLoggingInMillis = rollOverTimeInMinutes * 60 * 1000;
if ((currentTime - start) >= maxIntervalSinceLastLoggingInMillis)
{
super.rollover();
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
}
}
然后使用该appender作为具有滚动策略的appender
<appender class="com.your.package.FifteenMinuteAppender" name="YOUR_APPENDER">
<file>yourfile.csv</file>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- daily rollover -->
<fileNamePattern>yourfile-%d{yyyyMMdd-HHmm}.csv</fileNamePattern>
</rollingPolicy>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{YYYYMMDD-HHmmSS-ZZ};${HOSTNAME};%thread;%msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
更多详情here