在MS SQL Server 2016中
select
mdl_user.firstname + ' ' + mdl_user.lastname as studentname
, mdl_quiz.name as quizname
, mdl_quiz_attempts.attempt as attemptnumber
, mdl_quiz_attempts.timefinish as attemptdate
, mdl_quiz_attempts.sumgrades as attemptgrade
from mdl_quiz_attempts
join mdl_quiz on mdl_quiz.id = mdl_quiz_attempts.quiz
join mdl_user on mdl_user.id = mdl_quiz_attempts.userid
order by mdl_user.id, mdl_quiz.name, mdl_quiz_attempts.attempt;
给我以下输出：
studentname quizname attemptnumber attemptdate attemptgrade Mariy Vickery Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 06:50 26 Jan Le Roux Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 08:15 36 Jan Le Roux Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 07:34 32 Andrew Small Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 10:34 30 Andrew Small Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 11:24 27 Andrew Small Income Tax Assessment 2 2017/03/30 12:15 32 Deon Lenark Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 10:22 29 Deon Lenark Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 11:05 35 Chris Du Bill Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 10:25 34 Chris Du Bill Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 08:06 34 Craig Eben Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 12:43 35 Craig Eben Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 11:36 28 Craig Eben Income Tax Assessment 2 2017/03/30 12:05 28 Charm Grey Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 08:33 34 Charm Grey Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 12:33 35 Jaco Cloete Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 09:04 32 Dirk Schaan Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 08:04 34 Dirk Schaan Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 09:03 11 Dirk Schaan Income Tax Assessment 2 2017/03/30 11:37 30 Deon Grobler Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 07:49 27 Deon Grobler Income Tax Assessment 2 2017/03/31 12:45 31 Ester Shannah Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 10:32 36 Ester Shannah Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 11:32 30 Ester Shannah Income Tax Assessment 2 2017/03/30 12:21 35 Eve Haywood Fundamentals Assessment 1 2017/02/28 07:36 33 Eve Haywood Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 07:28 32 Fred Bezzo Income Tax Assessment 1 2017/03/30 08:22 30 Fred Bezzo Income Tax Assessment 2 2017/03/31 11:54 31
每个学生名已完成两个测验中的一个或两个（测验名称）。有些学生尝试过一次或两次测验（如trynumber栏所示）。
我想“转动”数据，以便每个学生的所有结果都显示在一行中，如下所示：
=================================================================
studentname Fundamentals Assessment Income Tax Assessment
=================================================================
Mariy Vickery 2017/03/30 06:50 - 26
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Jan Le Roux 2017/02/28 08:15 - 36 2017/03/30 07:34 - 32
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Andrew Small 2017/02/28 10:34 - 30 2017/03/30 11:24 - 27
2017/03/30 12:15 - 32
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Deon Lenark 2017/02/28 10:22 - 29 2017/03/30 11:05 - 35
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Chris Du Bill 2017/02/28 10:25 - 34 2017/03/30 08:06 - 34
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Craig Eben 2017/02/28 12:43 - 35 2017/03/30 11:36 - 28
2017/03/30 12:05 - 58
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Charm Grey 2017/02/28 08:33 - 34 2017/03/30 12:33 - 35
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Jaco Cloete 2017/03/30 09:04 - 32
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dirk Schaan 2017/02/28 08:04 - 34 2017/03/30 09:03 - 11
2017/03/30 11:37 - 30
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Deon Grobler 2017/03/30 07:49 - 27
2017/03/31 12:45 - 31
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Ester Shannah 2017/02/28 10:32 - 22 2017/03/30 11:32 - 30
2017/02/28 15:20 - 36 2017/03/30 12:21 - 35
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Eve Haywood 2017/02/28 07:36 - 33 2017/03/30 07:28 - 32
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Fred Bezhout 2017/03/30 08:22 - 30
2017/03/31 11:54 - 31
-----------------------------------------------------------------
但是PIVOT（）函数执行聚合，我不想这样做 - 我希望包含每个学生名的所有成绩/尝试。
以下PIVOT（）不返回我想要的内容 - 它只返回一个尝试次数（因为max（quiz_grade） 聚合）当有多次尝试时。并且它在每一行重复学生名称，看起来很难看：
select
*
from (
select
mdl_user.firstname + ' ' + mdl_user.lastname as fullname,
mdl_quiz.name as quiz_name,
mdl_quiz_grades.grade as quiz_grade
from mdl_quiz
join mdl_quiz_grades on mdl_quiz.id = mdl_quiz_grades.quiz
join mdl_course on mdl_course.id = mdl_quiz.course
join mdl_user on mdl_user.id = mdl_quiz_grades.userid
) source
pivot (
max(quiz_grade)
for quiz_name in (
[Fundamentals Assessment],
[Income Tax Assessment]
)
) as PIVT
order by fullname
所以它看起来像PIVOT（）这里使用的函数不正确？如何“转动”数据并连接trytdate和attemptgrade列，如上面的示例所示？
答案 0 :(得分：2)
你可以尝试这样的东西和xml路径：
DECLARE @myTable TABLE(studentname VARCHAR(20),
quizname VARCHAR(50),
attemptnumber INT,
attemptdate DATETIME,
attemptgrade INT);
INSERT INTO @myTable VALUES
('Mariy Vickery', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 06:50', 26)
, ('Jan Le Roux', 'Fundamentals Assessment', 1, '2017/02/28 08:15', 36)
, ('Jan Le Roux', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 07:34', 32)
, ('Andrew Small', 'Fundamentals Assessment', 1, '2017/02/28 10:34', 30)
, ('Andrew Small', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 11:24', 27)
, ('Andrew Small', 'Income Tax Assessment', 2, '2017/03/30 12:15', 32);
SELECT *
FROM
(
SELECT
studentname as fullname,
quizname as quiz_name,
STUFF( (SELECT + ' ' + CAST(attemptdate AS VARCHAR(50)) + ' - '
+ CAST(attemptgrade AS VARCHAR(3)) AS quiz_grade
FROM @myTable si
WHERE si.studentname = so.studentname and si.quizname = so.quizname
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'varchar(max)'),1,1,''
) AS quiz_grade
FROM @myTable so
) SOURCE
PIVOT
(
MAX(quiz_grade)
FOR quiz_name IN ([Fundamentals Assessment],[Income Tax Assessment])
) AS PIVT
ORDER BY fullname
答案 1 :(得分：1)
试试这个 -
DECLARE @myTable TABLE(studentname VARCHAR(20),
quizname VARCHAR(50),
attemptnumber INT,
attemptdate DATETIME,
attemptgrade INT);
DECLARE @myTable1 TABLE(studentname VARCHAR(20),
[Fundamentals Assessment] VARCHAR(MAX),
[Income Tax Assessment] VARCHAR(MAX));
INSERT INTO @myTable VALUES
('Mariy Vickery', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 06:50', 26)
, ('Jan Le Roux', 'Fundamentals Assessment', 1, '2017/02/28 08:15', 36)
, ('Jan Le Roux', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 07:34', 32)
, ('Andrew Small', 'Fundamentals Assessment', 1, '2017/02/28 10:34', 30)
, ('Andrew Small', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 11:24', 27)
, ('Andrew Small', 'Income Tax Assessment', 2, '2017/03/30 12:15', 32)
, ('Deon Lenark', 'Fundamentals Assessment', 1, '2017/02/28 10:22', 35)
, ('Deon Lenark', 'Income Tax Assessment', 1, '2017/03/30 11:05', 34);
INSERT INTO @myTable1
SELECT studentname,
MAX([Fundamentals Assessment]) [Fundamentals Assessment],
MAX([Income Tax Assessment]) [Income Tax Assessment]
FROM
(
SELECT studentname, IIF([Fundamentals Assessment] IS NOT NULL,
CONCAT([Fundamentals Assessment],' - ' ,attemptgrade),NULL)
AS [Fundamentals Assessment],
IIF([Income Tax Assessment] IS NOT NULL,
CONCAT([Income Tax Assessment],' - ' ,attemptgrade),NULL)
AS [Income Tax Assessment], attemptnumber
FROM
(
SELECT studentname,
IIF(quizname = 'Fundamentals Assessment',attemptdate,NULL)
AS [Fundamentals Assessment]
,IIF(quizname = 'Income Tax Assessment',attemptdate,NULL)
AS [Income Tax Assessment]
,attemptgrade, attemptnumber
FROM @myTable
) AS A
)B
GROUP BY studentname, attemptnumber
ORDER BY studentname, attemptnumber
SELECT DISTINCT studentname, E.[Fundamentals Assessment], D.[Income Tax Assessment]
FROM @myTable1 p1
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT [Income Tax Assessment] + ' '
FROM @myTable1 p2
WHERE p2.studentname = p1.studentname
ORDER BY [Income Tax Assessment]
FOR XML PATH('')
) D ( [Income Tax Assessment] )
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT [Fundamentals Assessment] + ' '
FROM @myTable1 p2
WHERE p2.studentname = p1.studentname
ORDER BY [Fundamentals Assessment]
FOR XML PATH('')
) E ( [Fundamentals Assessment] )
答案 2 :(得分：1)
如果您需要动态版
示例
Declare @SQL varchar(max) = '
Select *
From (
Select Distinct
studentname
,Item = quizname
,value = replace( Stuff((Select concat(format(attemptdate,''|yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm - ''),attemptgrade) From YourTable Where studentname=A.studentname and quizname=A.quizname For XML Path ('''')),1,1,'''') ,''|'',char(13))
From YourTable A
) A
Pivot (max([Value]) For [Item] in (' + Stuff((Select Distinct ','+QuoteName(quizname)
From YourTable
For XML Path('')),1,1,'') + ') ) p'
--Print @SQL
Exec(@SQL);
<强>返回
studentname Fundamentals Assessment Income Tax Assessment
Andrew Small 2017/02/28 10:34 - 30 2017/03/30 11:24 - 27
2017/03/30 12:15 - 32
Charm Grey 2017/02/28 08:33 - 34 2017/03/30 12:33 - 35
Chris Du Bill 2017/02/28 10:25 - 34 2017/03/30 08:06 - 34
Craig Eben 2017/02/28 12:43 - 35 2017/03/30 11:36 - 28
2017/03/30 12:05 - 28
Deon Grobler NULL 2017/03/30 07:49 - 27
2017/03/31 12:45 - 31
Deon Lenark 2017/02/28 10:22 - 29 2017/03/30 11:05 - 35
Dirk Schaan 2017/02/28 08:04 - 34 2017/03/30 09:03 - 11
2017/03/30 11:37 - 30
Ester Shannah 2017/02/28 10:32 - 36 2017/03/30 11:32 - 30
2017/03/30 12:21 - 35
Eve Haywood 2017/02/28 07:36 - 33 2017/03/30 07:28 - 32
Fred Bezzo NULL 2017/03/30 08:22 - 30
2017/03/31 11:54 - 31
Jaco Cloete NULL 2017/03/30 09:04 - 32
Jan Le Roux 2017/02/28 08:15 - 36 2017/03/30 07:34 - 32
Mariy Vickery NULL 2017/03/30 06:50 - 26