将字典值中的整数分配给字符串

时间:2018-01-29 05:08:47

标签: javascript swift

indicesfor value in很好地给了我寻找的循环但是我需要更进一步,将字典的值分配给字符串的匹配字符然后执行得分计算。

我想知道实现这一目标的最快捷方式。这可以使用map吗? let curChar = n.map({ print($0) })

另一个问题是Javascript允许您轻松使用类型的异构字典,但是使用Swift我们需要匹配类型。

var dict: [String:Any] = ["a":1, "j":1, "s":1, "b":2, "k":2,"r":9/*...*/]

let n = "lighthouse"
var nScore = 0

for i in n.indices[n.startIndex..<n.endIndex] {
let curChar = n[i]
var curVal = dict[curChar] 
nScore = nScore + curVal

原始Javascript块。

var dict = {A:1, J:1, S:1, B:2, K:2, T:2...};
var n = "lighthouse";
var nScore = 0;

for( var i = 0; i < n.length; i++ );
{
    var curChar = n.charAt( i );
    var curVal = dict[ curChar ];
    nScore = nScore + curVal;
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

n[i]的类型为Character,因此应该是键类型 字典而不是String。值类型应为Int

let dict: [Character: Int] = ["a": 1, "j": 1, "s": 1, "b": 2, "k": 2, "r": 9 /* ... */]

您还必须定义用作分数的“默认值” 对于在字典中找不到的字符,可以这样做 使用nil-coalescing运算符??

let n = "lighthouse"
var nScore = 0

for i in n.indices[n.startIndex..<n.endIndex] {
    let curChar = n[i]
    let curVal = dict[curChar] ?? 0
    nScore = nScore + curVal
}

或者更简单,直接枚举字符串的字符:

for c in n {
    let curVal = dict[c] ?? 0
    nScore = nScore + curVal
}

使用reduce()时更短:

let n = "lighthouse"
let nScore = n.reduce(0) { (score, c) in
    score + (dict[c] ?? 0)
}

可以使用“速记参数”更紧凑地编写:

let n = "lighthouse"
let nScore = n.reduce(0) { $0 + (dict[$1] ?? 0) }

如果你有完全控制可能的字符 在输入字符串中出现,保证(!)字典 定义所有这些值的值然后您可以强制解包字典查找,例如

let n = "lighthouse"
let nScore = n.reduce(0) { $0 + dict[$1]! }

但如果找不到某个字符,这将在运行时崩溃

如果你定义一个函数

func numericScore(_ str: String) -> Int {
    return str.reduce(0) { $0 + (dict[$1] ?? 0) }
}

然后您可以轻松地将其应用于单个字符串

let nScore = numericScore("lighthouse")

或将其映射到字符串数组

let words = ["lighthouse", "motorcycle"]
let scores = words.map(numericScore)

或计算字符串数组的总分(再次使用reduce):

let words = ["lighthouse", "motorcycle"]
let totalScore = words.reduce(0) { $0 + numericScore($1) }

// Alternatively in two steps:

let scores = words.map(numericScore)
let totalScores = scores.reduce(0, +)