我试图强制MySQL使用两个索引。我正在加入一个表,我想利用两个索引之间的交叉。具体术语是使用交叉,这里是MySQL文档的链接:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/index-merge-optimization.html
有没有办法强制执行此功能?我的查询是使用它(它加速了),但现在无论出于什么原因它已停止。
这是我想要做的JOIN。我希望查询使用的两个索引是scs.CONSUMER_ID_1和scs_CONSUMER_ID_2
JOIN survey_customer_similarity AS scs
ON cr.CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_2
AND cal.SENDER_CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_1
OR cr.CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_1
AND cal.SENDER_CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_2
答案 0 :(得分:17)
请参阅FORCE INDEX
的MySQL文档。
JOIN survey_customer_similarity AS scs
FORCE INDEX (CONSUMER_ID_1,CONSUMER_ID_2)
ON
cr.CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_2
AND cal.SENDER_CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_1
OR cr.CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_1
AND cal.SENDER_CONSUMER_ID=scs.CONSUMER_ID_2
正如TheScrumMeister在下面指出的那样,它取决于您的数据,是否可以同时使用两个索引。
<小时/> 这是一个示例,您需要强制表出现两次以控制查询执行和交集。
使用此选项创建一个包含&gt; 100K记录的表格,大约1K行与过滤器i in (2,3)
匹配,1K行匹配j in (2,3)
:
drop table if exists t1;
create table t1 (id int auto_increment primary key, i int, j int);
create index ix_t1_on_i on t1(i);
create index ix_t1_on_j on t1(j);
insert into t1 (i,j) values (2,2),(2,3),(4,5),(6,6),(2,6),(2,7),(3,2);
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i*2, j*2+i from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i, j from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i, j from t1;
insert into t1 (i,j) select 2, j from t1 where not j in (2,3) limit 1000;
insert into t1 (i,j) select i, 3 from t1 where not i in (2,3) limit 1000;
做的时候:
select t.* from t1 as t where t.i=2 and t.j=3 or t.i=3 and t.j=2
你得到了8场比赛:
+-------+------+------+
| id | i | j |
+-------+------+------+
| 7 | 3 | 2 |
| 28679 | 3 | 2 |
| 57351 | 3 | 2 |
| 86023 | 3 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 | 3 |
| 28674 | 2 | 3 |
| 57346 | 2 | 3 |
| 86018 | 2 | 3 |
+-------+------+------+
在上面的查询中使用EXPLAIN
获取:
id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra
1 | SIMPLE | t | range | ix_t1_on_i,ix_t1_on_j | ix_t1_on_j | 5 | NULL | 1012 | Using where
即使我们在FORCE INDEX
的两个索引上添加EXPLAIN
也会返回完全相同的内容。
要使它跨两个索引收集,然后将它们相交,请使用:
select t.* from t1 as a force index(ix_t1_on_i)
join t1 as b force index(ix_t1_on_j) on a.id=b.id
where a.i=2 and b.j=3 or a.i=3 and b.j=2
将该查询与explain
一起使用以获取:
id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra
1 | SIMPLE | a | range | ix_t1_on_i | ix_t1_on_i | 5 | NULL | 1019 | Using where
1 | SIMPLE | b | range | ix_t1_on_j | ix_t1_on_j | 5 | NULL | 1012 | Using where; Using index
这证明正在使用索引。但取决于许多其他因素,这可能会或可能不会更快。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
MySQL仅支持每个连接使用一个索引。如果您希望它在连接中使用两列作为索引,则应在这两列上创建单个索引。请注意,这并不像看起来那么糟糕,因为(a,b)上的索引可以作为索引而不仅仅是a。
如果列不构成索引的最左前缀,则MySQL无法使用索引。