Question

我想在tkinter.treeview中更改所选单元格的前景色或背景色。我怎么能这样做？

这个link显示了更改树视图中所有单元格颜色的命令，但我无法使其适用于单个单元格。

ttk.Style().configure("Treeview", background="#383838", 
 foreground="white", fieldbackground="red")

我之前写过test code。请使用此代码来获得您的解决方案/建议。谢谢。

这个link显示了如何使用标签来改变一行数据的颜色，即一个选定的项目，而不是一个单元格。

Answer 1

如果您准备叠加小部件，则可能有非常自定义的要求，或者可能有更适合您需求的小部件。如果您不习惯使用树视图，那么表格小部件可能会提供您想要的内容。您可以控制单个单元格内容，它允许用户编辑单元格（默认情况下），您可以与其他单元格分开控制“活动”单元格属性。您的数据使用此代码放在表格中。

2016, 68.41987090116676
2017, 88.9788618486191
2018, 90.94850458504749
2019, 113.20946182004333
2020, 115.71547492850719

Answer 2

我相信您可以通过非常简单的方式获得所需的行为：

将标签分配给您的单元格

In this question you can see both how to insert tags and how to change them

为每个标签分配颜色

Like suggested in this question

请注意，Tkinter有点老而且被解散了……您可能会遇到一些困难，所以让我已经将其链接：

Why my code below may not work properly

请注意，您询问的是“如何更改选定的单元格”，但是从您写的内容来看，我认为您正在尝试更改选定的行。我下面的代码更改了行。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from random import choice




colors = ["red", "green", "black", "blue", "white", "yellow", "orange", "pink", "grey", "purple", "brown"]
def recolor():
    for child in tree.get_children():
        picked = choice(colors)
        tree.item(child, tags=(picked), values=(picked))
    for color in colors:
        tree.tag_configure(color, background=color)
    tree.tag_configure("red", background="red")


root = tk.Tk()

tree=ttk.Treeview(root)


tree["columns"]=("one","two","three")
tree.column("#0", width=60, minwidth=30, stretch=tk.NO)
tree.column("one", width=120, minwidth=30, stretch=tk.NO)

tree.heading("#0",text="0",anchor=tk.W)
tree.heading("one", text="1",anchor=tk.W)

for i in range(10):
    tree.insert("", i, text="Elem"+str(i), values=("none"))

tree.pack(side=tk.TOP,fill=tk.X)


b = tk.Button(root, text="Change", command=recolor)
b.pack()


root.mainloop()

结果：

Answer 3

如果有人在寻找答案以更改tkinter树视图的选定颜色，则可以检查以下代码。

style = ttk.Style()
# this is set background and foreground of the treeview
style.configure("Treeview",
                background="#E1E1E1",
                foreground="#000000",
                rowheight=25,
                fieldbackground="#E1E1E1")

# set backgound and foreground color when selected
style.map('Treeview', background=[('selected', '#BFBFBF'), foreground=[('selected', 'black')])

Answer 4

@BryanOkley分享了一个人无法改变个人的颜色 ttk.Treeview中的细胞。
所以我探索了使用tk.Canvas（）和tk.Canvas.create_text（）来创造改变一个选定单元格颜色的错觉 ttk.Treeview（）小部件。我很幸运能够过来 j08lue/ttkcalendar.py我有同样的目标改编自它。
我的改编剧本（附有相关评论）如下所示。一世希望它可以帮助其他人考虑做同样的事情。

需要改进：我还没弄清楚为什么我的算法无法准确地将Canvas文本框覆盖在图标/树列和值列中所选Treeview单元格中的值上。为此，我采用了通过试验和测试确定的软糖价值。错误。但是，这并不理想。 有人可以分享如何在不使用软糖值的情况下实现canvas_textbox叠加与Treeview单元格值的准确对齐吗？

import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import tkinter.font as tkFont

class App(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs):
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs)

        #1. Create Treeview with binding
        self.tree = ttk.Treeview(parent, columns=("size", "modified"))
        self.tree["columns"] = ("date", "time", "loc")

        self.tree.column("#0",   width=100, anchor='center')
        self.tree.column("date", width=100, anchor='center')
        self.tree.column("time", width=100, anchor='center')
        self.tree.column("loc",  width=100, anchor='center')

        self.tree.heading("#0",   text="Name")
        self.tree.heading("date", text="Date")
        self.tree.heading("time", text="Time")
        self.tree.heading("loc",  text="Location")

        self.tree.insert("","end", text = "Grace",
                         values = ("2010-09-23","03:44:53","Garden"))
        self.tree.insert("","end", text = "John" ,
                         values = ("2017-02-05","11:30:23","Airport"))
        self.tree.insert("","end", text = "Betty",
                         values = ("2014-06-25","18:00:00",""))

        self.tree.grid()
        self.tree.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self.selectItem)

        #2. Create a Canvas Overlay to show selected Treeview cell 
        sel_bg = '#ecffc4'
        sel_fg = '#05640e'
        self.setup_selection(sel_bg, sel_fg)


    def setup_selection(self, sel_bg, sel_fg):
        self._font = tkFont.Font()

        self._canvas = tk.Canvas(self.tree,
                                 background=sel_bg,
                                 borderwidth=0,
                                 highlightthickness=0)

        self._canvas.text = self._canvas.create_text(0, 0,
                                                     fill=sel_fg,
                                                     anchor='w')

    def selectItem(self, event):
        # Remove Canvas overlay from GUI
        self._canvas.place_forget()

        # Local Parameters
        x, y, widget = event.x, event.y, event.widget
        item = widget.item(widget.focus())
        itemText = item['text']
        itemValues = item['values']
        iid = widget.identify_row(y)
        column = event.widget.identify_column(x)
        print ('\n&&&&&&&& def selectItem(self, event):')
        print ('item = ', item)
        print ('itemText = ', itemText)
        print('itemValues = ',itemValues)
        print ('iid = ', iid)
        print ('column = ', column)

        #Leave method if mouse pointer clicks on Treeview area without data
        if not column or not iid:
            return

        #Leave method if selected item's value is empty
        if not len(itemValues): 
            return

        #Get value of selected Treeview cell
        if column == '#0':
            self.cell_value = itemText
        else:
            self.cell_value = itemValues[int(column[1]) - 1]
        print('column[1] = ',column[1])
        print('self.cell_value = ',self.cell_value)

        #Leave method if selected Treeview cell is empty
        if not self.cell_value: # date is empty
            return

        #Get the bounding box of selected cell, a tuple (x, y, w, h), where
        # x, y are coordinates of the upper left corner of that cell relative
        #      to the widget, and
        # w, h are width and height of the cell in pixels.
        # If the item is not visible, the method returns an empty string.
        bbox = widget.bbox(iid, column)
        print('bbox = ', bbox)
        if not bbox: # item is not visible
            return

        # Update and show selection in Canvas Overlay
        self.show_selection(widget, bbox, column)

        print('Selected Cell Value = ', self.cell_value)


    def show_selection(self, parent, bbox, column):
        """Configure canvas and canvas-textbox for a new selection."""
        print('@@@@ def show_selection(self, parent, bbox, column):')
        x, y, width, height = bbox
        fudgeTreeColumnx = 19 #Determined by trial & error
        fudgeColumnx = 15     #Determined by trial & error

        # Number of pixels of cell value in horizontal direction
        textw = self._font.measure(self.cell_value)
        print('textw = ',textw)

        # Make Canvas size to fit selected cell
        self._canvas.configure(width=width, height=height)

        # Position canvas-textbox in Canvas
        print('self._canvas.coords(self._canvas.text) = ',
              self._canvas.coords(self._canvas.text))
        if column == '#0':
            self._canvas.coords(self._canvas.text,
                                fudgeTreeColumnx,
                                height/2)
        else:
            self._canvas.coords(self._canvas.text,
                                (width-(textw-fudgeColumnx))/2.0,
                                height/2)

        # Update value of canvas-textbox with the value of the selected cell. 
        self._canvas.itemconfigure(self._canvas.text, text=self.cell_value)

        # Overlay Canvas over Treeview cell
        self._canvas.place(in_=parent, x=x, y=y)



if __name__ == "__main__":
    window = tk.Tk()
    app = App(window)
    window.mainloop()

如何在tkinter treeview中更改所选单元格的前景色或背景色？

4 个答案:

结果：