之前曾与许多其他SQL数据库合作过;比如Postgres和BigQuery
想知道mongodb是否有DATE_TRUNC函数,我找到了$ trunc但它仅适用于数字,我想要一个DATE_TRUNC函数将给定的Date(其他SQL数据库中的时间戳类型)截断到特定的边界,比如开始当年,月初,小时开始,可以通过获取年,月,日,小时来撰写新日期;有没有人与现有的agg运营商有一些解决方法?避免在应用程序代码中处理? 特别是对于WEEK的开始时刻和ISOWEEK的开始,有没有人有一个好的解决方法? https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/trunc/
答案 0 :(得分:1)
通过对日期或时间戳字段进行算术可以获得ISO周的开始,这里的周开始是Monday
(1),周末是Sunday
(7)
db.dd.aggregate(
[
{
$addFields : {
startOfWeek : 1, // Monday
currentDayOfWeek : {$dayOfWeek : "$date"},
daysToMinus : { $subtract : [{$dayOfWeek : "$date"} , 1] },
startOfThisWeek : { $subtract : [ "$date", {$multiply : [{ $subtract : [{$dayOfWeek : "$date"} , 1 ] }, 24, 60, 60, 1000 ] } ] }
}
}
]
).pretty()
文件
> db.dd.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a62e2697702c6be61d672f4"), "date" : ISODate("2018-01-20T06:32:09.157Z") }
周开始
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5a62e2697702c6be61d672f4"),
"date" : ISODate("2018-01-20T06:32:09.157Z"),
"startOfWeek" : 1,
"currentDayOfWeek" : 7,
"daysToMinus" : 6,
"startOfThisWeek" : ISODate("2018-01-14T06:32:09.157Z")
}
>
答案 1 :(得分:0)
可以使用$dateFromParts函数将日期截断为等周:
例如
db.dd.aggregate(
{
$dateFromParts: {
isoWeekYear: { $isoWeekYear: "$date" },
isoWeek: { $isoWeek: "$date" }
}
}
)
对于Fri, 22 Jun 2018 20:46:50 UTC +00:00
,它返回Fri, 18 Jun 2018 00:00:00 UTC +00:00
。
要截断到小时,天,月等,使用$dateFromString
和$dateToString
会更容易。以下示例将日期截断为小时:
db.dd.aggregate(
{
$dateFromString: {
dateString: {
$dateToString: {
format: '%Y-%m-%dT%H:00:00+00:00',
date: '$date'
}
}
}
}
)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
可以组合$dateToParts和$dateFromParts
年,月,天,小时,分钟:< / p>
db.getCollection("data").aggregate([
{"$addFields": {
"dateVarFull": {"$dateToParts": {date: {"$toDate" : "2020-08-27T13:00:00Z"}}}
}},
{"$addFields": {
"dateVarTrunc": { "$dateFromParts": {
'year': "$dateVarFull.year",
'month': "$dateVarFull.month",
'day': "$dateVarFull.day"
}}
}}
])
结果:
{
"dateVarFull" : {
"year" : NumberInt(2020),
"month" : NumberInt(8),
"day" : NumberInt(27),
"hour" : NumberInt(13),
"minute" : NumberInt(0),
"second" : NumberInt(0),
"millisecond" : NumberInt(0)
},
"dateVarTrunc" : ISODate("2020-08-27T00:00:00.000+0000")
}
对于周截断,请使用iso8601: true
参数:
db.getCollection("data").aggregate([
{"$addFields": {
"dateVarFull": {
"$dateToParts": {
date: {"$toDate" : "2020-08-27T13:00:00Z"},
iso8601: true
}
}
}},
{"$addFields": {
"dateVarTrunc": { "$dateFromParts": {
'isoWeekYear': "$dateVarFull.isoWeekYear",
'isoWeek': "$dateVarFull.isoWeek",
'isoDayOfWeek': 1
}}
}}
])
结果:
{
"dateVarFull" : {
"isoWeekYear" : NumberInt(2020),
"isoWeek" : NumberInt(35),
"isoDayOfWeek" : NumberInt(4),
"hour" : NumberInt(13),
"minute" : NumberInt(0),
"second" : NumberInt(0),
"millisecond" : NumberInt(0)
},
"dateVarTrunc" : ISODate("2020-08-24T00:00:00.000+0000")
}