我是Web API实现的新手,我创建了一个Web API服务,用于ASP.net web form
个应用程序以及一些使用HttpClient
对象的独立应用程序(C#Console / Windows应用程序)
我已经在web api中实现了一个带有过期时间限制的基本JWT访问令牌身份验证,这种身份验证技术正常工作,直到令牌未过期,当令牌过期时,web api不接受请求,因为令牌已过期!根据身份验证实现很好,但我想在web api中实现刷新令牌逻辑,因此令牌可以续订/引用,客户端应该能够使用web api资源。
我google了很多但无法找到刷新令牌逻辑的正确实现。如果任何人有正确的方法来处理过期的访问令牌,请帮助我。
以下是我在asp.net应用程序中使用web api时所遵循的步骤。
在ASP.net Web表单登录页面中,我调用了Web API“TokenController”,该控制器采用了两个参数loginID和password,并返回我存储在会话对象中的JWT令牌。
现在,每当我的客户端应用程序需要使用时,web api资源必须在使用httpclient
调用web api时在请求标头中发送访问令牌。
但是当令牌过期客户端无法使用web api资源时,他必须再次登录并续订令牌!这个我不想要,用户不应该提示再次登录,因为应用程序会话时间尚未过去。
如何在不强制用户再次登录的情况下刷新令牌。
如果我给出的JWT访问令牌实现逻辑不合适或不正确,请告诉我正确的方法。
以下是代码。
的WebAPI
AuthHandler.cs
public class AuthHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
HttpResponseMessage errorResponse = null;
try
{
IEnumerable<string> authHeaderValues;
request.Headers.TryGetValues("Authorization", out authHeaderValues);
if (authHeaderValues == null)
return base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
var requestToken = authHeaderValues.ElementAt(0);
var token = "";
if (requestToken.StartsWith("Bearer ", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
{
token = requestToken.Substring("Bearer ".Length);
}
var secret = "w$e$#*az";
ClaimsPrincipal cp = ValidateToken(token, secret, true);
Thread.CurrentPrincipal = cp;
if (HttpContext.Current != null)
{
Thread.CurrentPrincipal = cp;
HttpContext.Current.User = cp;
}
}
catch (SignatureVerificationException ex)
{
errorResponse = request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, ex.Message);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
errorResponse = request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError, ex.Message);
}
return errorResponse != null
? Task.FromResult(errorResponse)
: base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
}
private static ClaimsPrincipal ValidateToken(string token, string secret, bool checkExpiration)
{
var jsonSerializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
string payloadJson = string.Empty;
try
{
payloadJson = JsonWebToken.Decode(token, secret);
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw new SignatureVerificationException("Unauthorized access!");
}
var payloadData = jsonSerializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, object>>(payloadJson);
object exp;
if (payloadData != null && (checkExpiration && payloadData.TryGetValue("exp", out exp)))
{
var validTo = AuthFactory.FromUnixTime(long.Parse(exp.ToString()));
if (DateTime.Compare(validTo, DateTime.UtcNow) <= 0)
{
throw new SignatureVerificationException("Token is expired!");
}
}
var clmsIdentity = new ClaimsIdentity("Federation", ClaimTypes.Name, ClaimTypes.Role);
var claims = new List<Claim>();
if (payloadData != null)
foreach (var pair in payloadData)
{
var claimType = pair.Key;
var source = pair.Value as ArrayList;
if (source != null)
{
claims.AddRange(from object item in source
select new Claim(claimType, item.ToString(), ClaimValueTypes.String));
continue;
}
switch (pair.Key.ToUpper())
{
case "USERNAME":
claims.Add(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, pair.Value.ToString(), ClaimValueTypes.String));
break;
case "EMAILID":
claims.Add(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, pair.Value.ToString(), ClaimValueTypes.Email));
break;
case "USERID":
claims.Add(new Claim(ClaimTypes.UserData, pair.Value.ToString(), ClaimValueTypes.Integer));
break;
default:
claims.Add(new Claim(claimType, pair.Value.ToString(), ClaimValueTypes.String));
break;
}
}
clmsIdentity.AddClaims(claims);
ClaimsPrincipal cp = new ClaimsPrincipal(clmsIdentity);
return cp;
}
}
AuthFactory.cs
public static class AuthFactory
{
internal static DateTime FromUnixTime(double unixTime)
{
var epoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
return epoch.AddSeconds(unixTime);
}
internal static string CreateToken(User user, string loginID, out double issuedAt, out double expiryAt)
{
var unixEpoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
expiryAt = Math.Round((DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(TokenLifeDuration) - unixEpoch).TotalSeconds);
issuedAt = Math.Round((DateTime.UtcNow - unixEpoch).TotalSeconds);
var payload = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{enmUserIdentity.UserName.ToString(), user.Name},
{enmUserIdentity.EmailID.ToString(), user.Email},
{enmUserIdentity.UserID.ToString(), user.UserID},
{enmUserIdentity.LoginID.ToString(), loginID}
,{"iat", issuedAt}
,{"exp", expiryAt}
};
var secret = "w$e$#*az";
var token = JsonWebToken.Encode(payload, secret, JwtHashAlgorithm.HS256);
return token;
}
public static int TokenLifeDuration
{
get
{
int tokenLifeDuration = 20; // in minuets
return tokenLifeDuration;
}
}
internal static string CreateMasterToken(int userID, string loginID)
{
var payload = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{enmUserIdentity.LoginID.ToString(), loginID},
{enmUserIdentity.UserID.ToString(), userID},
{"instanceid", DateTime.Now.ToFileTime()}
};
var secret = "w$e$#*az";
var token = JsonWebToken.Encode(payload, secret, JwtHashAlgorithm.HS256);
return token;
}
}
WebApiConfig.cs
public static class WebApiConfig
{
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
var cors = new EnableCorsAttribute("*", "*", "*");
config.EnableCors(cors);
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
config.Formatters.Remove(config.Formatters.XmlFormatter);
config.MessageHandlers.Add(new AuthHandler());
}
}
TokenController .cs
public class TokenController : ApiController
{
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("signin")]
[HttpPost]
public HttpResponseMessage Login(Login model)
{
HttpResponseMessage response = null;
DataTable dtblLogin = null;
double issuedAt;
double expiryAt;
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
dtblLogin = LoginManager.GetUserLoginDetails(model.LoginID, model.Password, true);
if (dtblLogin == null || dtblLogin.Rows.Count == 0)
{
response = Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
}
else
{
User loggedInUser = new User();
loggedInUser.UserID = Convert.ToInt32(dtblLogin.Rows[0]["UserID"]);
loggedInUser.Email = Convert.ToString(dtblLogin.Rows[0]["UserEmailID"]);
loggedInUser.Name = Convert.ToString(dtblLogin.Rows[0]["LastName"]) + " " + Convert.ToString(dtblLogin.Rows[0]["FirstName"]);
string token = AuthFactory.CreateToken(loggedInUser, model.LoginID, out issuedAt, out expiryAt);
loggedInUser.Token = token;
response = Request.CreateResponse(loggedInUser);
}
}
else
{
response = Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState);
}
return response;
}
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
}
PremiumCalculatorController.cs
PremiumCalculatorController : ApiController
{
[HttpPost]
public IHttpActionResult CalculatAnnualPremium(PremiumFactorInfo premiumFactDetails)
{
PremiumInfo result;
result = AnnualPremium.GetPremium(premiumFactDetails);
return Ok(result);
}
}
网络表单应用
Login.aspx.cs
public class Login
{
protected void imgbtnLogin_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs s)
{
UserInfo loggedinUser = LoginManager.ValidateUser(txtUserID.text.trim(), txtPassword.text);
if (loggedinUser != null)
{
byte[] password = LoginManager.EncryptPassword(txtPassword.text);
APIToken tokenInfo = ApiLoginManager.Login(txtUserID.text.trim(), password);
loggedinUser.AccessToken = tokenInfo.Token;
Session.Add("LoggedInUser", loggedinUser);
Response.Redirect("Home.aspx");
}
else
{
msg.Show("Logn ID or Password is invalid.");
}
}
}
ApiLoginManager.cs
public class ApiLoginManager
{
public UserDetails Login(string userName, byte[] password)
{
APIToken result = null;
UserLogin objLoginInfo;
string webAPIBaseURL = "http://localhost/polwebapiService/"
try
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
result = new UserDetails();
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(webAPIBaseURL);
objLoginInfo = new UserLogin { LoginID = userName, Password = password };
var response = client.PostAsJsonAsync("api/token/Login", objLoginInfo);
if (response.Result.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
string jsonResponce = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<APIToken>(jsonResponce);
}
response = null;
}
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
}
AnnualPremiumCalculator.aspx.cs
public class AnnualPremiumCalculator
{
protected void imgbtnCalculatePremium_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs s)
{
string token = ((UserInfo)Session["LoggedInUser"]).AccessToken;
PremiumFactors premiumFacts = CollectUserInputPremiumFactors();
PremiumInfo premiumDet = CalculatePremium(premiumFacts, token);
txtAnnulPremium.text = premiumDet.Premium;
//other details so on
}
public PremiumInfo CalculatePremium(PremiumFactors premiumFacts, string accessToken)
{
PremiumInfo result = null;
string webAPIBaseURL = "http://localhost/polwebapiService/";
try
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(webAPIBaseURL);
StringContent content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(premiumFacts), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", accessToken);
var response = client.PostAsync("api/calculators/PremiumCalculator", content);
if (response.Result.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
string jsonResponce = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<PremiumInfo>(jsonResponce);
}
response = null;
}
return result;
}
finally
{
}
}
}
上面是一个示例代码来说明问题,它可能有一些错字。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这可以使用单独的持久刷新令牌来完成。 http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/handle-refresh-token-using-asp-net-core-2-0-and-json-web-token/
的精彩教程答案 1 :(得分:3)
我有一些评论:
访问令牌旨在由客户端保存,而不是保存在服务器上的会话中。刷新令牌的计数相同。原因是,通常没有会话。智能客户端可以在没有会话的情况下处理令牌,MVC网站可以使用cookie并且API不知道会话。它不是被禁止的,但是你需要再次担心会话过期,并且当你重新启动服务器时所有用户都必须再次登录。
如果您想实施OAuth,请阅读specification。在那里,您将找到实现刷新令牌所需的一切。
在TokenController中,您处理登录。在那里你也应该检查other conditions。
获取access_token时,仅当请求了refresh_token时,您应该在access_token中包含refresh_token。
您不需要client applications(grant_type = client_credentials)的刷新令牌,因为那些使用clientid / secret来获取访问令牌。扩展TokenController以允许client_credentials流。请注意:刷新令牌仅适用于用户,只有在可以保密的情况下才能使用。刷新令牌非常强大,因此请小心处理。
为了refresh an access token,您需要将刷新令牌发送到端点。在您的情况下,您可以扩展TokenController以允许refresh_token请求。你需要检查:
刷新令牌有几种情况,您也可以将它们组合在一起:
请注意,永不过期且无法撤销的刷新令牌会为用户提供无限制访问权限,因此请小心执行。
在我的回答here中,您可以看到如何使用Identity 2处理刷新令牌。您可以考虑切换到身份2。
我想我已经提到了一切。如果我错过了什么或者有什么不清楚的地方,请告诉我。