我正在尝试比较两个文件，如果满足某些条件，则附加另一列。
file1.txt
1 101 111 . BCX 123
1 298 306 . CCC 234
1 299 305 . DDD 345
file2.txt
1 101 111 BCX P1@QQQ
1 299 305 DDD P2@WWW
输出应为：
1 101 111 . BCX 123;P1@QQQ
1 298 306 . CCC 234
1 299 305 . DDD 345;P2@WWW
我能做的是，只针对匹配的行进行此操作：
awk 'NR==FNR{ a[$1,$2,$3,$4]=$5; next }{ s=SUBSEP; k=$1 s $2 s $3 s $5 }k in a{ print $0,a[k] }' file2.txt file1.txt
1 101 111 . BCX 123 P1@QQQ
1 299 305 . DDD 345 P2@WWW
但是，我错过了file1中的第二行。
即使与file2区域不匹配，我怎么还能保留它？
答案 0 :(得分：3)
如果您想要打印每一行，您需要打印命令不受您的条件限制。
awk '
NR==FNR {
a[$1,$2,$3,$4]=$5; next
}
{
s=SUBSEP; k=$1 s $2 s $3 s $5
}
k in a {
$6=$6 ";" a[k]
}
1' file2.txt file1.txt
1是速记，表示＆＃34;打印每一行＆＃34;。这是一个总是评估＆＃34; true＆＃34;的条件（没有命令语句）。
k in a条件只是将现有的第6个字段替换为连接的字段。如果不满足条件，则替换不会发生，但我们仍然会因1而打印。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
关注Private Sub StartBtn_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles StartBtn.Click
Dim Numbers As New List(Of Integer)
For X As Integer = 1 To 15
Dim Num As Integer = RandomNum()
Numbers.Add(Num)
Next
Dim temp_QuestionSet As New List(Of Question)
provider = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;"
dataFile = "Data Source=C:\course work\dttmq.accdb"
connString = provider & dataFile
Try
Connection.ConnectionString = connString
Connection.Open()
Catch ex As Exception
System.Console.Beep()
MsgBox("Error")
End Try
For Each Number In Numbers
Dim _question As New Question
_question.ID = Number
Using Connection
Dim command As New OleDbCommand("SELECT Question FROM final WHERE QuestionID = " & Number.ToString, Connection)
Try
Dim reader As OleDbDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
While reader.Read()
_question.Q = reader(0).ToString()
End While
reader.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Using
Using Connection
Dim command As New OleDbCommand("SELECT (Answer1) FROM final WHERE QuestionID = " & Number.ToString, Connection)
Try
Dim reader As OleDbDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
While reader.Read()
_question.A = reader(0).ToString()
End While
reader.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Using
Using Connection
Dim command As New OleDbCommand("SELECT Answer2 FROM final WHERE QuestionID = " & Number.ToString, Connection)
Try
Dim reader As OleDbDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
While reader.Read()
_question.B = reader(0).ToString()
End While
reader.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Using
Using Connection
Dim command As New OleDbCommand("SELECT Answer3 FROM final WHERE QuestionID = " & Number.ToString, Connection)
Try
Dim reader As OleDbDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
While reader.Read()
_question.C = reader(0).ToString()
End While
reader.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Using
Using Connection
Dim command As New OleDbCommand("SELECT Answer4 FROM final WHERE QuestionID = " & Number.ToString, Connection)
Try
Dim reader As OleDbDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
While reader.Read()
_question.D = reader(0).ToString()
End While
reader.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Using
Using Connection
Dim command As New OleDbCommand("SELECT CorrectAnswer FROM final WHERE QuestionID = " & Number.ToString, Connection)
Try
Dim reader As OleDbDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
While reader.Read()
_question.Z = reader(0).ToString()
End While
reader.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Using
temp_QuestionSet.Add(_question)
Next
End Sub
可能对您有帮助。
awk输出如下。
awk 'FNR==NR{a[$1,$2,$3,$4]=$NF;next} (($1,$2,$3,$5) in a){print $0";"a[$1,$2,$3,$5];next} 1' file2.txt file1.txt
答案 2 :(得分：0)
另一个awk
$ awk ' {t=5-(NR==FNR); k=$1 FS $2 FS $3 FS $t}
NR==FNR {a[k]=$NF; next}
k in a {$0=$0 ";" a[k]}1' file2 file1
1 101 111 . BCX 123;P1@QQQ
1 298 306 . CCC 234
1 299 305 . DDD 345;P2@WWW
键的最后一个组件是基于第一个或第二个文件输入的第4或第5个字段;相应地设置它并在脚本中使用单个k变量。注意
t=5-(NR==FNR)
可以按常规编写，
t=NR==FNR?4:5