我在centos上安装pyenv，并检查它是否正常工作。
# curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
104 2099 104 2099 0 0 14121 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 18575
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 4531, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (1831/1831), done.
remote: Total 4531 (delta 3252), reused 3506 (delta 2419), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (4531/4531), 1019.80 KiB, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (3252/3252), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-doctor/.git/
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remote: Total 18 (delta 5), reused 14 (delta 4), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (18/18), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-installer/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 22, done.
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remote: Total 22 (delta 4), reused 13 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (22/22), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-update/.git/
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remote: Total 7 (delta 1), reused 3 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (7/7), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv/.git/
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Receiving objects: 100% (478/478), 259.55 KiB, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (313/313), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-which-ext/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 20, done.
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remote: Total 20 (delta 2), reused 14 (delta 1), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (20/20), done.
WARNING: seems you still have not added 'pyenv' to the load path.
# Load pyenv automatically by adding
# the following to ~/.bash_profile:
export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
[root@localhost ~]# export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
[root@localhost ~]# eval "$(pyenv init -)"
[root@localhost ~]# eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# pyenv
pyenv 1.2.1
Usage: pyenv <command> [<args>]
Some useful pyenv commands are:
commands List all available pyenv commands
local Set or show the local application-specific Python version
global Set or show the global Python version
shell Set or show the shell-specific Python version
install Install a Python version using python-build
uninstall Uninstall a specific Python version
rehash Rehash pyenv shims (run this after installing executables)
version Show the current Python version and its origin
versions List all Python versions available to pyenv
which Display the full path to an executable
whence List all Python versions that contain the given executable
See `pyenv help <command>' for information on a specific command.
For full documentation, see: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv#readme
已安装新版python。
# pyenv install 2.7.13
Downloading Python-2.7.13.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tar.xz
Installing Python-2.7.13...
WARNING: The Python readline extension was not compiled. Missing the GNU readline lib?
WARNING: The Python bz2 extension was not compiled. Missing the bzip2 lib?
WARNING: The Python sqlite3 extension was not compiled. Missing the SQLite3 lib?
Installed Python-2.7.13 to /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13
创建virtualenv。
# pyenv virtualenv 2.7.13 myenv
Collecting virtualenv
Using cached virtualenv-15.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-15.1.0
New python executable in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
激活myenv时工作正常。
# pyenv activate myenv
pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.
(myenv) [root@localhost ~]# source deactivate
pyenv-virtualenv: deactivate 2.7.13/envs/myenv
当我使用完整路径时，它会出错。
[root@localhost ~]# which pyenv
/root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv
[root@localhost ~]# /root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv activate myenv
Failed to activate virtualenv.
Perhaps pyenv-virtualenv has not been loaded into your shell properly.
Please restart current shell and try again.
我可以使用pyenv进行测试，但当我必须在pyenv中使用ansible时，我必须提供/root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv的完整路径。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
使用pyenv时，您需要引用您想要运行的版本。尝试这样的事情：
/root/.pyenv/versions/myenv/bin/python
假设您的PYENV_ROOT环境变量设置为/root/.pyenv/
当你以这种方式执行python时，就像激活virtualenv一样，抓住你在virtualenv中拥有的任何已安装的库。
开始新环境：
host:~ user$ pyenv virtualenv 2.7.12 myenv
Collecting virtualenv
Downloading virtualenv-15.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.8MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.8MB 744kB/s
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-15.1.0
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
New python executable in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
Ignoring indexes: https://pypi.python.org/simple
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pip in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
激活虚拟环境并显示默认情况下未安装请求。安装它。
host:~$ pyenv activate myenv
pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.
(myenv) host:~ $ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 15 2016, 12:49:19)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named requests
>>>
(myenv) host:~$ pip install requests
Collecting requests
Downloading requests-2.18.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (88kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 2.0MB/s
Collecting chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 (from requests)
Downloading chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 143kB 4.0MB/s
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests)
Downloading certifi-2017.11.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (330kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 337kB 3.0MB/s
Collecting urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1 (from requests)
Downloading urllib3-1.22-py2.py3-none-any.whl (132kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 133kB 5.8MB/s
Collecting idna<2.7,>=2.5 (from requests)
Downloading idna-2.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl (56kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 7.0MB/s
Installing collected packages: chardet, certifi, urllib3, idna, requests
Successfully installed certifi-2017.11.5 chardet-3.0.4 idna-2.6 requests-2.18.4 urllib3-1.22
显示它现在已安装在虚拟环境中：
(myenv) host:~$ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 15 2016, 12:49:19)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>>
取消激活并显示默认的python是不同的版本：
(myenv) host:~$ pyenv deactivate
host:~$ python
Python 3.5.2 (default, Sep 21 2016, 15:26:09)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.38)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
直接运行myenv virtualenv
host:~$ ~/.pyenv/versions/myenv/bin/python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 15 2016, 12:49:19)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>>