在VBA中使用Console作为调试窗口

Question

所以我在Excel文档中运行了一些宏，并且想知道是否有办法频繁地将文本输出到控制台窗口（基本上使用它就像直接窗口一样）。

我知道有多种方法可以将文本写入文件，我只想在运行过程中显示一些信息，而不使用Excel中的即时窗口或其他窗口。

使用它可以帮助我显示一行，但我不想为每一行打开一个新窗口：

Call Shell("cmd.exe /K echo testInfo", vbNormalFocus)

我不想运行命令（echo可能除外？）来执行任务，它只是显示文本。

提前感谢您的任何建议。

编辑：

作为@JohnRC的帖子的补充，我找到了一个没有外部应用程序的解决方案：

Call Shell("PowerShell.exe -noexit -command get-content " + strPath + " -wait")

在运行上述命令后将信息记录到该位置的文本文件可以解决问题。

Answer 1

好的，因为我在前面的回答中得到了几个downvotes，我想我应该尝试提供一个实际的请求答案，即提供一种将日志消息发送到命令提示符窗口的方法。这就是......

此解决方案实现为VBA类，它将消息作为注释行发送到单独运行的命令提示符窗口，该窗口具有文本＆＃34; ExcelLog＆＃34;在标题中。必须单独启动此命令提示符。最简单的方法是创建一个名为＆＃34; ExcelLog＆＃34;的快捷方式。只需运行CMD，然后当打开此快捷方式时，命令提示符窗口将具有＆＃34; ExcelLog＆＃34;在标题中。

在电子表格中添加类cConsole（下面）的代码，然后在您的VBA代码中创建该类的全局实例，并使用方法.W "message"作为注释向控制台发送文本消息line（在这种情况下使用前缀::到该行以将其标识为注释）。

cConsole类查找具有必需标题的任何命令提示符窗口，然后将注释消息发送到该窗口。如果找不到该窗口，它只是跳过该操作，以便Excel VBA代码继续执行而不报告错误。此外，如果在Excel VBA开始运行后打开命令提示符窗口，cConsole将自动连接到窗口并启动/恢复发送消息。这意味着您可以随时关闭并重新打开命令提示符ExcelLog窗口，而不会中断VBA代码的执行。

这似乎对我的设置有效。我认为这比简单地拖尾文本文件要麻烦一点，但是 - 嘿，你付钱并且做出选择。

以下是cConsole类的代码。

Option Explicit

'// cConsole class
'// This class wraps an interface to a separately-started command prompt
'// window to which messages are sent as comments, so that the command prompt
'// window can be used as a real-time scrolling log from Excel.

'// Each instance of this class creates its own connection to the
'// command prompt window which must have a title containing the text
'// "ExcelLog". If such a window is not open then messages are not
'// logged. The command prompt window can be opened after messages
'// have started, and it will be connected when the next message is
'// sent.

'// The simplest way to set up the necessary command prompt window is to
'// create a shortcut on the desktop the name "ExcelLog" which runs CMD

'// Usage - - - - - - - - - - - -
'//
'//     Dim oConsole As New cConsole
'//     :
'//     oConsole.W "Message to be written to the console"
'//


'// Windows functions to get window handles etc
Private Declare Function FindWindowEx Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowExA" _
(ByVal hWnd1 As Long, ByVal hWnd2 As Long, ByVal lpsz1 As String, ByVal lpsz2 As String) As Long
Private Declare Function GetClassName Lib "user32" Alias "GetClassNameA" _
(ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal nMaxCount As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetWindowText Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowTextA" _
(ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal lpString As String, ByVal cch As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" _
  (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long


'// Handle of the excel log window
Private hLogWindow As Long


Private Sub Class_Initialize()
'// On instantiation, attempts to find the ExcelLog window
    findExcelLogWindow

End Sub

Public Sub W(sMsg As String)
    '// Public function used to send the given message
    '// as a comment line to the linked window
   SendToConsole ":: " & sMsg
End Sub
Private Sub SendToConsole(Command As String)
    '// Connects to and sends a command line to the command prompt
    '// window that is being used as the log

    Dim res As Boolean

    '// Check that a connection has been made and
    '// attempt to connect if not
    If hLogWindow = 0 Then
        findExcelLogWindow
        If hLogWindow = 0 Then Exit Sub
    End If

        On Error Resume Next

                Do
                    '// Attempt to bring the logging window to the foreground
                     res = SetForegroundWindow(hLogWindow)

                    '// Check if successful, and send the command if so
                    If res Then
                        SendKeys Command & vbCrLf
                        Exit Do
                    Else
                        '// Not successful, so try reconnecting to the logging window
                        findExcelLogWindow

                        '// If we cannot connect, just exit without sending anything
                        If hLogWindow = 0 Then Exit Sub
                    End If

                Loop

                '// Check if there has been any error
                If Err.Number <> 0 Then
                    hLogWindow = 0
                    MsgBox "Error: " & Err.Number & vbCrLf & Err.Description
                End If

        On Error GoTo 0

End Sub
Private Function findExcelLogWindow() As Long
    '// This function looks for a command prompt window that has the text
    '// ExcelLog in the title
    Dim nLen As Long
    Dim sData As String

    Dim Class As String
    Dim Title As String

    '// Get handle to the first window
    hLogWindow = 0

    '// Check each window in turn
    Do

            hLogWindow = FindWindowEx(0&, hLogWindow, vbNullString, vbNullString)

            '// Check that a window was found
            If hLogWindow = 0 Then Exit Do

            '// Get the class name of the window
            sData = String$(100, Chr$(0))
            nLen = GetClassName(hLogWindow, sData, 100)
            Class = Left$(sData, nLen)

            '// Get the title of the window
            sData = String$(100, Chr$(0))
            nLen = GetWindowText(hLogWindow, sData, 100)
            Title = Left$(sData, nLen)

            '// Check if the required window has been found
            If Class = "ConsoleWindowClass" And InStr(Title, "ExcelLog") > 0 Then

                '// Initialise the window to remove any prompt text
                SendToConsole "PROMPT $S"

                '// Write some initial messages
                Me.W "*******************"
                Me.W "[" & ThisWorkbook.Name & "] connected to console at " & Now
                Me.W ""

                '// Return the handle to the log window
                findExcelLogWindow = hLogWindow
                Exit Function


            End If



    Loop

    '// The log window was not found, so return zero
    findExcelLogWindow = 0

End Function

我通过在工作表中的图像控件上处理MouseMove事件来测试它：

Option Explicit

Private oCons As New cConsole

Private Sub Image1_MouseMove(ByVal Button As Integer, ByVal Shift As Integer, ByVal X As Single, ByVal Y As Single)
    oCons.W "MouseMove " & X & ", " & Y

End Sub

这是结果

Answer 2

我没有使用shell作为记录消息的控制台，而是使用文本文件来保存日志，并使用tail实用程序监视输出到文件（我使用了来自http://www.baremetalsoft.com/wintail/的WinTail但我相信还有其他人）。这是代码，我将其放在一个名为Log的单独vba模块中。然后调用Log.W＆＃34; Message＆＃34;记录消息。

Option Explicit

'// You need a reference to "Microsoft Scripting Runtime" library in VBA
Private oLog As Scripting.TextStream
Private bErr As Boolean


Private Sub INIT()
    '// Initialise the output log file

    '// Check if log file is already open, or there has been an error
    If bErr Then Exit Sub
    If Not oLog Is Nothing Then Exit Sub


    '// Open the log file for appending
    Dim ofso As New Scripting.FileSystemObject
    On Error Resume Next
    Set oLog = ofso.OpenTextFile("excel.log", ForAppending, True)

    '// Check that open was successful
    If Err.Number <> 0 Then
        MsgBox "Log file error: " & Err.Number & ": " & Err.Description
        bErr = True

        Exit Sub
    End If
    On Error GoTo 0

    '// Write a starting block to the log
    oLog.WriteLine "*"
    W "********************************** START"
    W "* Start of log " & Format(Date, "YYYY-MM-dd")
    W ""

End Sub

Public Sub W(sMsg)
    '// Writes a single line message to the log
    '// Initialize if required
        INIT
    '// Check for log file error
        If bErr Then Exit Sub

    '// Create the log line and write to log file
        Dim st As String
        st = Format(Now, "hh:mm:ss ")
        oLog.WriteLine st & sMsg

End Sub

Public Function ReportErr(Optional Loc As Variant = "") As Boolean
    '// Reports information from the Err object, if an error has occured

    '// Check if error has occurred, exit if not
    If Err.Number = 0 Then ReportErr = False: Exit Function

    '// Set return value
    ReportErr = True

    '// Initialize if required
    INIT

    '// Check for log file error
    If bErr Then Exit Function

    '// Write the error block to the log
    W "*********** ERROR ******* " & IIf(Len(Loc) > 0, "[" & Loc & "]", "")
    W "* Error #" & Err.Number

    If Len(Err.Description) > 0 Then
        W "* : " & Err.Description
        W "*************************"
    End If

End Function

使用WinTail拖拽日志文件意味着立即显示输出到日志，因此您可以在程序运行时监视日志。